Raw milk destined for industry and the fund of cows in Kosovo farms during the COVID-19

Session

Agriculture, Food Science and Technology

Description

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the amount of milk that the producers send to the processing industry, excluding the milk that is used for family needs, the milk that is spent on feeding the calves, as well as the research of the dairy cow fund. 242 dairy farms were investigated with a random sample in the seven regions of Kosovo, such as: Gjilan, Prishtinë, Ferizaj, Pejë, Gjakovë, Prizren and Mitrovica. The interviews included farms with a capacity of 5 - 120 dairy cows, all these farms are directed to the market and also have a contractual relationship with the dairy industry. Quantitative data on milk destined for the market and the number of cows were obtained directly in the field during the months of January-April 2021 by the author through direct interviews with a standard and well-structured questionnaire, while qualitative data through observation and direct surveys in the field, also observing breeds, stable infrastructure, food, hygiene, well-being, environmental treatments, etc., for the time period 2019 and 2020. The milk destined for the market in 2020 in medium-sized farms up to 20 cows was 35921.34 liters, while in those over 20 cows, it was 166279.89 liters of milk. A small decrease in the number of cows was also observed between 2019 (14.26 cows per year) and 2020 (13.75 cows per year). Farmers reported that the restrictive measures as a result of Covid-19 have negatively affected production, milk destined for the market, the cow stock, as they were forced to leave more milk for the consumption of calves, for family needs, a part are distributed to the residents of the areas, a large part has been wasted or destroyed as a result of the purchase restrictions from the dairies because they were also very limited in the market for placement of products during the period of Covid 19 pandemic. The statistical data has been processed in SPSS. Policymakers and the state should undertake stronger and adequate measures in terms of supporting the sector, as well as the advisory services should sensitize farmers on the diversification of farms in order to minimize losses in such situations.

Keywords:

farmers, cow, raw milk, industry, COVID-19.

Proceedings Editor

Edmond Hajrizi

ISBN

978-9951-550-50-5

Location

UBT Kampus, Lipjan

Start Date

29-10-2022 12:00 AM

End Date

30-10-2022 12:00 AM

DOI

10.33107/ubt-ic.2022.322

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Raw milk destined for industry and the fund of cows in Kosovo farms during the COVID-19

UBT Kampus, Lipjan

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the amount of milk that the producers send to the processing industry, excluding the milk that is used for family needs, the milk that is spent on feeding the calves, as well as the research of the dairy cow fund. 242 dairy farms were investigated with a random sample in the seven regions of Kosovo, such as: Gjilan, Prishtinë, Ferizaj, Pejë, Gjakovë, Prizren and Mitrovica. The interviews included farms with a capacity of 5 - 120 dairy cows, all these farms are directed to the market and also have a contractual relationship with the dairy industry. Quantitative data on milk destined for the market and the number of cows were obtained directly in the field during the months of January-April 2021 by the author through direct interviews with a standard and well-structured questionnaire, while qualitative data through observation and direct surveys in the field, also observing breeds, stable infrastructure, food, hygiene, well-being, environmental treatments, etc., for the time period 2019 and 2020. The milk destined for the market in 2020 in medium-sized farms up to 20 cows was 35921.34 liters, while in those over 20 cows, it was 166279.89 liters of milk. A small decrease in the number of cows was also observed between 2019 (14.26 cows per year) and 2020 (13.75 cows per year). Farmers reported that the restrictive measures as a result of Covid-19 have negatively affected production, milk destined for the market, the cow stock, as they were forced to leave more milk for the consumption of calves, for family needs, a part are distributed to the residents of the areas, a large part has been wasted or destroyed as a result of the purchase restrictions from the dairies because they were also very limited in the market for placement of products during the period of Covid 19 pandemic. The statistical data has been processed in SPSS. Policymakers and the state should undertake stronger and adequate measures in terms of supporting the sector, as well as the advisory services should sensitize farmers on the diversification of farms in order to minimize losses in such situations.