Acute Apical Periodontitis: Case report
Session
Dental Science
Description
Apical periodontitis serves an important protective function, aimed at limiting the bacteria released from the root canal space and preventing their spread to adjacent bone marrow spaces and beyond. This process is unique in that it cannot eradicate the infection. The reason lies in the fact that when the dental pulp becomes necrotic, the protective mechanisms cannot operate within the root canal due to the lack of vascular support. Although these mechanisms can act at the apical boundaries of the necrotic tissue, they are unable to penetrate fully developed teeth. The "cost" that the host must pay to ensure an effective immune response to root canal infection is bone resorption, an unavoidable side effect of this protective process. The clash between microbial forces and the host's defensive mechanisms destroys most of the periapical tissue, leading to the formation of various types of apical periodontal lesions, which are typically encased in a dense collagenous capsule. Clinicians must consider that apical periodontitis is not self-healing; surgical or non-surgical endodontic therapy is required. While the protective mechanisms minimize the spread of infection, they cannot eliminate the trapped microbes in the necrotic canal in the form of protected biofilms. This paper elaborates on acute apical periodontitis, based on the clinical classification of periradicular diseases according to Grossman. For each form of acute apical periodontitis, the following aspects are described: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, bacteriology, histopathology, treatment, and prognosis. Additionally, a case treated at the "Clinic of Dental Diseases with Endodontics" at QKSUK will be presented.
Keywords:
Apical Periodontitis, Protective Mechanisms, Endodontic Therapy, Microbial Forces, Bone Resorption, Clinical Classification, Grossman, Periradicular Diseases, Biofilms
Proceedings Editor
Edmond Hajrizi
ISBN
978-9951-982-15-3
Location
UBT Kampus, Lipjan
Start Date
25-10-2024 9:00 AM
End Date
27-10-2024 6:00 PM
DOI
10.33107/ubt-ic.2024.171
Recommended Citation
Berisha, Arbër, "Acute Apical Periodontitis: Case report" (2024). UBT International Conference. 3.
https://knowledgecenter.ubt-uni.net/conference/2024UBTIC/DS/3
Acute Apical Periodontitis: Case report
UBT Kampus, Lipjan
Apical periodontitis serves an important protective function, aimed at limiting the bacteria released from the root canal space and preventing their spread to adjacent bone marrow spaces and beyond. This process is unique in that it cannot eradicate the infection. The reason lies in the fact that when the dental pulp becomes necrotic, the protective mechanisms cannot operate within the root canal due to the lack of vascular support. Although these mechanisms can act at the apical boundaries of the necrotic tissue, they are unable to penetrate fully developed teeth. The "cost" that the host must pay to ensure an effective immune response to root canal infection is bone resorption, an unavoidable side effect of this protective process. The clash between microbial forces and the host's defensive mechanisms destroys most of the periapical tissue, leading to the formation of various types of apical periodontal lesions, which are typically encased in a dense collagenous capsule. Clinicians must consider that apical periodontitis is not self-healing; surgical or non-surgical endodontic therapy is required. While the protective mechanisms minimize the spread of infection, they cannot eliminate the trapped microbes in the necrotic canal in the form of protected biofilms. This paper elaborates on acute apical periodontitis, based on the clinical classification of periradicular diseases according to Grossman. For each form of acute apical periodontitis, the following aspects are described: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, bacteriology, histopathology, treatment, and prognosis. Additionally, a case treated at the "Clinic of Dental Diseases with Endodontics" at QKSUK will be presented.