Precast Concrete Panels in Fire

Session

Civil Engineering, Infrastructure and Environment

Description

Precast concrete panels are widely used as compartmentation or cladding systems in buildings with fire safety requirements. Although the live loads acting on such panels under service conditions are generally negligible, in fire conditions failures often arise from the malfunction or collapse of their connection systems. When exposed to fire, panels undergo significant thermal deformation, including elongation and deflection, which may compromise structural integrity and lead to connection failure. This study investigates the deformative behaviour of monolithic solid precast panels under fire exposure through non-linear heat transfer and thermomechanical analyses. Based on the results, a practical nomogram is proposed to support design decisions aimed at preventing unintended contact either between the panel and the supporting frame or adjacent panels, thus reducing the risk of collapse. The proposed design criteria provide designers with a simplified yet reliable approach for evaluating the performance of the panel under fire conditions, contributing to improve fire safety and structural resilience.

Keywords:

Precast panels, Fire, Thermo-mechanical modelling, Design criteria

Proceedings Editor

Edmond Hajrizi

ISBN

978-9951-982-41-2

Location

UBT Kampus, Lipjan

Start Date

25-10-2025 9:00 AM

End Date

26-10-2025 6:00 PM

DOI

10.33107/ubt-ic.2025.50

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Oct 25th, 9:00 AM Oct 26th, 6:00 PM

Precast Concrete Panels in Fire

UBT Kampus, Lipjan

Precast concrete panels are widely used as compartmentation or cladding systems in buildings with fire safety requirements. Although the live loads acting on such panels under service conditions are generally negligible, in fire conditions failures often arise from the malfunction or collapse of their connection systems. When exposed to fire, panels undergo significant thermal deformation, including elongation and deflection, which may compromise structural integrity and lead to connection failure. This study investigates the deformative behaviour of monolithic solid precast panels under fire exposure through non-linear heat transfer and thermomechanical analyses. Based on the results, a practical nomogram is proposed to support design decisions aimed at preventing unintended contact either between the panel and the supporting frame or adjacent panels, thus reducing the risk of collapse. The proposed design criteria provide designers with a simplified yet reliable approach for evaluating the performance of the panel under fire conditions, contributing to improve fire safety and structural resilience.