Digital Forensic Dentistry: Maxillary Canine Dimensions as Sex Discriminators in Kosova Adults

Vigan Aliu

Session

Dental Science

Description

Dental sexual dimorphism, particularly in maxillary canines, is one of the most reliable markers for sex determination in forensic and anthropological contexts. With the advent of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), more accurate and population-specific morphometric data can be obtained.This study aimed to measure sexual dimorphism in maxillary canine crown sizes using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in the Kosova population. It also assessed the potential for determining sex in forensic cases.A retrospective analysis of CBCT scans from 60 subjects (30 males, 30 females) aged 18–30 years at the University Clinical Center of Kosova was conducted. Mesiodistal (MD) and buccooral (BO) crown dimensions were measured. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, Cohen’s d effect sizes, and sexual dimorphism percentages calculated using the Garn and Lewis formula.All parameters showed significant sexual dimorphism (p < 0.001), with males exhibiting larger crown sizes. The highest dimorphism was observed in the left canine BO dimension (8.92%), followed by the right canine BO (8.87%). Average sex differences ranged from 0.597–0.724 mm, with large effect sizes (Cohen’s d: 1.166–1.435). Bilateral correlations were strong for both MD and BO measurements (r = 0.9610.966).Maxillary canines exhibit pronounced sexual dimorphism in the Kosova population, with BO dimensions showing slightly greater discriminatory potential than MD. These findings highlight their value in forensic sex determination and provide population-specific reference data for Kosova.

Keywords:

Sexual dimorphism, forensic dentistry, maxillary canine, CBCT, Kosova population

Proceedings Editor

Edmond Hajrizi

ISBN

978-9951-982-41-2

Location

UBT Lipjan, Kosovo

Start Date

25-10-2025 9:00 AM

End Date

26-10-2025 6:00 PM

DOI

10.33107/ubt-ic.2025.133

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Oct 25th, 9:00 AM Oct 26th, 6:00 PM

Digital Forensic Dentistry: Maxillary Canine Dimensions as Sex Discriminators in Kosova Adults

UBT Lipjan, Kosovo

Dental sexual dimorphism, particularly in maxillary canines, is one of the most reliable markers for sex determination in forensic and anthropological contexts. With the advent of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), more accurate and population-specific morphometric data can be obtained.This study aimed to measure sexual dimorphism in maxillary canine crown sizes using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in the Kosova population. It also assessed the potential for determining sex in forensic cases.A retrospective analysis of CBCT scans from 60 subjects (30 males, 30 females) aged 18–30 years at the University Clinical Center of Kosova was conducted. Mesiodistal (MD) and buccooral (BO) crown dimensions were measured. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, Cohen’s d effect sizes, and sexual dimorphism percentages calculated using the Garn and Lewis formula.All parameters showed significant sexual dimorphism (p < 0.001), with males exhibiting larger crown sizes. The highest dimorphism was observed in the left canine BO dimension (8.92%), followed by the right canine BO (8.87%). Average sex differences ranged from 0.597–0.724 mm, with large effect sizes (Cohen’s d: 1.166–1.435). Bilateral correlations were strong for both MD and BO measurements (r = 0.9610.966).Maxillary canines exhibit pronounced sexual dimorphism in the Kosova population, with BO dimensions showing slightly greater discriminatory potential than MD. These findings highlight their value in forensic sex determination and provide population-specific reference data for Kosova.