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Rosaceae, the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants, including 4,828 known species in 91 genera. The name is derived from the type genus Rosa. Among the most species-rich genera are Alchemilla, Sorbus, Crataegus, Rubus, and Prunus with about 200 species. Kreu i Ahishtës is part of the Sharr Mountains massif which lies in the southern part of Kosovo. The altitude ranges from 560 - 1700m. In research conducted in the period 2018-2019. Within the botanical research we have identified the Rosaceae family as the species of this family are of great medical, aromatic and decorative importance. The large change in altitude, pedological, geological composition, climatic conditions and field exposures have enabled a diversity of plant species. Many of the herbs are aromatic in all parts and include edible and medicinal herbs which were used in modern and traditional medicine.

This work has been done for the purpose of new medicine or drug identification which should substitute many antibiotics from which nowadays many bacteria are developing immunity. Therefore, the main purpose of this work has been the synthesis of some new components which would contribute at some point in our country as well. Acrylic acid (IUPAC: propenoic acid) is an organic compound with the formula CH₂=CHCOOH. It is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus. This colorless liquid has a characteristic acrid or tart smell. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. While the carbamoyl derivatives are the univalent carboacyl group formed by loss of -OH from the carboxy group of carbamic acid. We have used derivatives of various heterocyclic compounds such as amine and maleic anhydride to synthesized dhe carbamoyl derivatives of acrilic acid. The making of this work has been done in three phases: In the first part we will summaries some of the most important recent research, in the part of new carbamoyl derivatives of acrylic acid. İn the second part we will have given the results of our research which contain the new component synthesis whose structure will be defined according to spectral data: IR, ¹HNMR, and ¹³CNMR. İn the third part we will describe in detail the experimental conditions of new components synthesis and their spectroscopic properties.

The areas of Opoja, Gora and Zupa in the district of Prizren are populated by the Albanian, Bosnian and Goran communities. These areas are distinguished for their rich flora and fauna. Continuing our reasearch work in the field of Ethnopharmacognosy, we started this study with the purpose of evidencing and scientific documenting these medical plants and their preparation, which are aplied in the traditional medicine in the areas of Prizren, in order to save and enrich our knowledge of ethnobotany, as a first step in scientific evaluation of medical plants. Data was collected using interviews conducted with residents of these areas during different time periods 2016 - 2019. A total of 90 residents belonging to the Albanian, Bosnian, Goran, Turkey and Roma communities were interviewed. Voucher plant specimens were deposited in the herbarium. The collected data have been compared with the existing Ethnobotanic and Phytotherapeutic in Kosovo and around Kosovo. A total of 82 species of plantas belonging to different botanical families were collected. The most abundand ones were; Rosaceae family (14 species), Asteraceae (5 species), and Gentianaceae (4 species). The plants were raported to be used in the treatment of various diseases, mainly those of the respiratory system (asthma,bronchitis), gastrointestinal disordes and wound healing. Chamomile results to be the most udes medical plants by alla the communities that participated in the study. Other plants used the most by the Albanian and Bosnian community are; Elder and Saint John’s wort, for the Goran community: Saint John’s wort and Yarrow, for the Roma community: Common mettle and Linden whereas for the Turkish community are: Saint John’s wort and Bitter melon. This study identified the most commonly plants and formulations used commonly by the abovementioned communities. Investigating phytochemical and pharmacological properites through further studies of this vegetation represent not only scientific interest but they will also contribute to the overall development of these areas.

Since the independence of the Republic of Macedonia, one of the most problematic issues, both at home and abroad, has been and remains the judiciary. This paper is concerned with the case of Special Prosecution and its Impact on the European Integration Processes of the Republic of North Macedonia. The Prosecution was established in 2015 to investigate the top level corruption in the former government. We argue that the workings of the Prosecution have had relevant reflections on the internal political competition, citizens’ trust towards the institutions, and the country’s European trajectory.

The purpose of this presentation is to present a case study of the ART UNITED. The idea of this project was to unite the three different populations (Mardin, Şırnak, Alaçatı) who study art and design in highschools across Turkey. While they all live in the same country, they all have very different visions and experiences of Turkey. The results are all very amazing and interesting.

Art and design schools in Istanbul have been highly improved for the last decade. However Eastern Turkey, especially the border of Syria, had just the opposite effect. The art high schools have been under stress and kids who study art have had life threatening experiences. While living in the same country but speaking different languages, our approach was to go and help them understand the political and social reality we all live in. The First experience was to visit Mardin (highly populated with Kurdish people and Arabs) and Şırnak (border of Syria) and to organize workshops for highly talented kids with dreams of becoming designers and artists. Our second approach involved taking the same kids from the eastern part of Turkey, all the way to the west of Turkey, to Alaçatı, where the environment is totally different, where one could say that kids don’t even have dreams because they live the dream-like life by the sea in a Windsurfer’s paradise.

The best way to preserve our heritage buildings is to adjust them for new use purposes. Adaptive reuse is the best way to give a new life to an old building, which becomes disused or abandoned while preserving its cultural heritage values. Finding an appropriate use for the heritage buildings is of great importance for the historic cities. It has to be adapted to the economic, social and cultural needs of the citizens, and to preserve the cultural values of the building. This study aims to analyze how to give proper use to the heritage buildings without endangering their cultural heritage values. The paper will be primarily focused on rehabilitation of heritage buildings in Kosovo, aiming to provide a balance between the interests of preservation and those of use.

This paper aims to analyse the positive legal provisions in Kosovo, according to which the Institute of Judicial Testament is regulated, respectively court testament. Research questions, which are addressed in the context of this paper are:

• What are the required conditions to be filled with the law on the validity of the court testament;
• To what extend is the court testament applied in practice, respectively what is as the percentage of cases for which the inheritance is divided according to the court testament;
• Who are the most frequent legal heirs in practice who benefit from testamentary inheritance.

The paper was mainly accomplished relying on the method of analysis of the legislation and method of analysis of the judicial practice. As a result of this work, despite according to the law, the priority should be generally given to the inheritance with testament, in practice the testament is applied in the extremely rare cases. This is due to the lack of legal culture and awareness of citizens on the importance of the testament as well as other causes related to the previous judicial systems that were valid in Kosovo.

The growth, (without) urban planning especially in developing countries such as Kosovo implies a large spatial extent of smaller and larger settlements. The consistency of their coexistence in space (territory) within the development concepts remains a key issue with regard to territorial cohesion. In this context, research questions should be raised:

1. How does the position and extent of the territory as well as the specific geographic conditions affect the spatial planning?
2. How to address the population, structure, movements, density and growth in the correct accommodation of their needs?
3. Why do communications, interconnections and the polycentric concept are the basis for functional development integrations?

Answers to these questions, can be the basis for a sustainable spatial planning and with integrated approach. To ensure territorial cohesion, it is necessary to ensure an integrated approach to spatial development through the cohesion of key factors such as: development policies and strategies, territory and development resources too.

In this context, it is necessary to discuss issues related to the development vision, development potentials and development requirements, through stakeholder’s involvement, in understanding the opportunities and needs, and always applying modern trends such as: efficient solutions, SMART concepts, and integration process!

Optimization approaches and models are developed for job shop scheduling problems over the last decades, particularly the most attempts have been done in industry and considerable progress has been made on an academic line. The Job-shop scheduling considered the most significant industrial activities, mostly in manufacturing. The JSSP (Job Shop Scheduling Problems) is typical NP-hard problem. To solve this problem, we have used the linear programming approach. Real data have been taken from the company of the metalworking industry. The model has been created, then it was analyzed using Spreadsheet – Excel Solver. The appropriate sequence has been obtained and the results shown that it is possible to achieve the minimum completion time compared to other sequence combination.

In addition to the analysis of the transformer's assessment in view of the impact on the topology of the transmission, generation and distribution system, the recognition of the status of parameters and performance is a necessity to increase the efficiency of operational work, but the techniques/methods to perform the monitoring are essential. In this context, advanced monitoring techniques as well as smart devices that allow access to continuous analysis and diagnosis of parameters that are considered important for this purpose should be considered. One important condition of monitoring and diagnosis are the temperatures of the power transformers. In this paper are depicted the analysis through trends and alarms of the temperatures by comparing the range of the limits by on-line and off-line techniques. Furthermore, the operational work and the status of monitored parts by year, load and alarms are presented. Prepared monitoring and diagnostic reports, and appropriate corrective measures are taken depending on the status of the power transformer based on their temperatures trend.

This research study aims to evaluate the analysis and application of vehicle calibration software and to measure the power of vehicles before calibration and after calibration. To accomplish this topic, a descriptive method was used which describes in detail the operation of the Engine Control Unit (ECU) and WINOLS, as well as the analytical method to analyze and show the results before and after ECU modification or calibration. The sample in this research considered four cars: Passat CC, Golf 6, BMW and Audi A3. The research results show that cars before calibration, ie. with software that are calibrated by the manufacturer, have the power assigned, so we did pre-calibration measurement if everything is OK with the machine. The analysis has shown that after the software recalibration we have achieved 10% - 30% more power from the same engine only by recalibration of the original software from the manufacturer.

Continuous market demand shows a fast transition of Additive Manufacturing (AM) from prototype to regular production. The different complex parts are easier to manage using 3D scanners and applying Reverse Engineering (RE) to convert them into digital data that can be reproduced again. Through this paper we intend to explain the relationship between RE and AM with decision making methodology by applying AHP hierarchy, including: goals, criteria, sub-criteria and alternatives. Case study presented confirm the efficiency of the proposed methodology for decision making in production technology.

The problem of adulterated ingredients in processed food products is widely observed in the food industry and remains a continuous concern for consumers. This problem may interfere not only with consumers’ religious ethics, but also with their health and diet. Therefore commercial foods should be monitored for the accuracy of the declared ingredients. This study aims at identification of pork matter adulterated in processed beef meat products marked in Kosovo.

Commercial beef food samples were routinely collected at different markets around Kosovo. The analyzed samples consisted of sausages, salami, pate and ragu sauce and were declared as 100% beef. All samples were initially prepared into a test portion and further processed for serum albumin or genomic DNA extraction (CTAB, ISO-21571:2005). After the initial processing, samples were first tested for the presence of pork matter by the ELISA method and all positive samples were tested for confirmation by RT-PCR.

From a total of 25 analyzed food products, ELISA was able to detect pork in 32% of them with an accuracy of 100% among duplicate samples. All ELISA positive samples were further confirmed by RT-PCR, either by a commercial kit or designed primers specific for pork mitochondrial DNA. The specificity of the amplified PCR products was confirmed at the end on the micro-fluidal electrophoresis.

These data show that the adulteration of beef meat products is frequent in Kosovo marked and that the combination of ELISA and RT-PCR provides a very effective and reliable option that can be applied for routine monitoring of food adulteration in commercial products of animal origin in the Kosovo.

A financial institution is an institution that conducts financial transactions, such as depositing money, taking out loans and/or exchanging currencies. Systems used by them like any other system tend to skew old, but, the replacement and integration of these systems is a difficult due to the heterogeneous nature. Due to this it is imperative to consider alternative infrastructure such as SOA (service-oriented architecture), which is seen as the best technology for internal and external interfaces, resulting cost reductions associated with its deployment; combined with standardized protocols, and increased interoperability among IT infrastructures. Studies shows that this flexible architecture will encourage innovation and increase the banks' ability to react to customer feedback a lot more swiftly.

An approach to building information system for the financial institution, based on the technology of SOA is discussed in the paper. The financial institution for which we have proposed a SOA based architecture is Saving House Mozhnosti, a financial institution that exists in the financial market for 17 years. The Savings House serves micro, small and middle enterprises that belong in the sector of trade, services and production as well as physical persons and offers financial products and services such as crediting and savings. It is recognizable for the support to the people in need to get financial support for their good business ideas, belief in free initiative, individual creativity and personal responsibility. As one successful financial institution, there is no doubt it can highly benefit by SOA approach.

Our goal is to act as a guide in helping this institution tackle the types of issues using a services-based approach, thus improving customer experience. The proposed approach will improve the manageability of the system, increase its speed and reliability and provide security.

Reinforced concrete coupled shear walls are one of the systems commonly used in medium and high rise structures to resist lateral forces. The aim of this paper is to carry out an assessment regarding the impact of reinforced concrete coupled shear walls in the global behavior of the structure. Further, will be studied the efficiency of coupling beams, on the behavior of these walls, taking in consideration that depending on the stiffness of these beams, the walls can act as isolated walls, or interact with each other as a single system. Specifically, it will analyze the impact of variation of coupling beam‟s height and length, on coupled shear wall system performance, and plan ways of positioning of these walls. Among others it will also analyze the Coupling Degree degree of these beams. Important part of this topic approach, is the type of detailing and construction of these connecting beams of coupled walls, which has its own, because of the function to be performed, and the difficulty of realization in practice. Further in this study, we will see redistribution of internal forces on shear wall and their coupling beams due to wall-beam interaction, by using ETABS and SAP2000 programs. For the analysis of reinforced concrete coupled shear walls system, we will use “Modal Response Spectrum Analysis” and non-linear. ”Push-over analysis” . We will compare the following parameters for the building with coupled shear wall with various depth and length of coupling beam, we will compare the following parameters:

Lateral displacement at each floor levels, Time period of the building, Maximum deflection at roof level, Seismic base shear for models, Story drift of the structure, Storey shear, Overturning moments.

The economic development of a country is definitely taking care of the wellbeing of citizens, therefore the development of virtual money such as Bitcoin would speed up the transitions of the banking market in Kosovo to offer extreme cheaper fees, that is actually offers today. When we talk about virtual money, they may pose a danger to society but the benefits of its purpose to save money (lower fees) from the actual banking fees have the upper hand. This project intends to present the importance of virtual money and the activities of the Central Bank of Kosovo that should consider while developing the Bitcoin system in Kosovo market. Hence, as a prior goal of this project is the intertwining of different academic opinions regarding virtual money such as Bitcoin and offering proper recommendation to the Central Bank of Kosovo that should offer the support to the market with information in regards to virtual money. To be crystal clear about the role and importance of virtual money, we have also done primary research in the field. We have interviewed people in urban places with private and official positions, in total the data were collected from 66 surveyors, which have answered 12 semi structural questions after they had an informing conversation with the authors of the project. The research was done during the spring of 2019 and the results collected by the research and the analysis of their presentation are presented by the Excel program and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results by the research show that virtual money “Bitcoin” has enough space to work in Kosovo’s market because the fees for national and international transfers are still high and virtual money could give a solution to that. Thus the immediate commitment of the Central Bank to inform the citizen is more than necessary for a stable development in the financial sector.

Well-being is a great indicator of social progress. Collecting data through surveys is very costly that's why we need to find solutions that allow us to collect data through the internet. Big Data can be used to measure and study well-being. Most Big Data approaches measure well-being by analyzing language patterns on Social Media. In this study, I used internet search volumes obtained from google trends and the data from Happiness Report to build a model that accurately forecasts well-being in Kosovo that gives information on what aspects of life are correlated with well-being. This study adopts the Algan’s well-being approach to assess the importance of big data in Kosovo. The impact of Big Data is based on both quantitative and qualitative data analysis.

Raspberries fruits (Rubus idaeus L.) as important part of our diet are known for their sensory and nutritional characteristics, because of high content of essential nutrients that are beneficial for biological activity in human health. A high consumption of plant foods, such as raspberries, appears to decrease the risk of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and overall mortality. It can also promote a healthy complexion, increased energy, and overall lower weight. Nutritional quality was analyzed through by chemical parameter of fresh raspberry samples from plantation in Kosovo area at the ripe stage. The following quality parameters were determined in the raspberry’s fruits: pH, dry matter, total soluble solids (TSS/◦Brix), total acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, total sugars, reducing sugars, sucrose, vitamin C, protein, and lipids. Results can be used to inform potential raspberry farmers about the nutritional qualities and consumer preferences for raspberries. The rich nutritional composition of the studied fruits makes them a very special diet. All statistical analysis performed using the MS Excel program and SPSS 22.0 statistics software.

The concentration of cholesterol in three types of eggs has been analyzed through the enzymatic method. The types of analyzed eggs were: conventional, pastured and organic. Thirty five samples were analyzed, the sampling has been random, and the cholesterol analysis was done by GENESYS 10S UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Analyzes have been conducted in research laboratories of the University for Business and Technology (UBT) - Kosovo. The average of the obtained results indicates a slightly lower cholesterol concentration in the type of pasture raised eggs compared to other types.

Electoral processes have crucial importance on the society, especially those who are still battling for proper democratic and fair elections. Given the high importance of this process, political entities usually intent to surpass some of the legal regulations in order to maximize their profit, not only politically, but financially too. Many countries in Europe have already consolidated their legal basis on fight against electoral fraud and corruption, but challenges remain. In Western Balkans, there are significant steps undertaken to improvise legal regulations which would prevent electoral corruption. However, as practice has shown, many problems remain unsolved. This paper will provide an in-depth analysis of legal background on fight against electoral corruption in Kosovo, Albania, Serbia and North Macedonia. Moreover, specific cases will be presented to illustrate how political subjects intent to bypass the law in order to maximize their electoral profit. This paper will also tackle third party campaigning, as one of the “innovative tools” of political subjects to defy the system when it comes to the electoral corruption.

The development of communication technology has changed the focus and priorities for the usage of communication tools, which in addition to the benefits it has created for institutions, it has also caused challenges that institutions face in different countries, especially the Republic of Kosovo. Adaptation of public policies in line with the development of communication technology and the operation of online platforms is more than necessary for public institutions of the Republic of Kosovo, as it creates opportunities for easier and more effective access to information and services for citizens of the country. However, the rapid development of technology and the launch of online platforms for public communication of the Government of the Republic of Kosovo may also create difficulties for the relevant institutions. Through the review of the available scientific and professional literature, secondary professional data related to the impact of information technology on facilitating information and interaction in public sector communication, and on the basis of interview and observational analysis methods, this paper reflects the effect and challenges to integrate online platforms in government communication and public services in the Government of Kosovo.

Reinforced concrete water retaining structures (RCWRS) must be designed so that the facility to be safe from leakage. One of the determining factors for the design of RCWRS is design with restriction of cracks. According to EN 1992-3 are defined four tightness classes in order to show degree of protection against leakage. In general, design of RCWRS can be done in two main cases: design without cracks and design with induced cracks which are controlled one. In this paper is shown the case where in design are foreseen to apply the concept of controlled cracks by application of joint tube for induction of cracks which takes rheological effects of concrete. The rheological effects of concrete can cause cracks which on one side are very difficult to predict where they will appear, while on the other side the appearance of these cracks greatly affects the degradation of the structure.

Healthcare as a field contains many processes that require time and dedication. So far, many of these processes have been done manually, which has come with a number of problems. New software systems make it possible to avoid these problems, as in our case the digitalization of health services management. The primary goal is to increase the many factors associated with these processes, including increasing safety, efficiency, speed and performance. To achieve these goals we need to incorporate various technologies such as software and hardware, usage of software architectures, and network deployment at the national level. A distinctive element of this paper is the use of the microservices architecture which provides us a solution to some of the above factors and enables system expansion through the scalability feature. This paper also includes the part of the communication that is made between the components within the system, where they are based on HTTP protocol methods. An analysis was also made of how other services could be integrated without affecting the current structure.

Food packaging has many aims starting form-providing food to consumers and consumers in comfortable way to buy and eat, to protect food from microbiological, chemical and physical damage along providing necessary information to consumers and marketers and other actors about food content and origin. Along protection by packaging materials there is a risk of migration of some chemical compounds into food, which depends on various factors. However, not all costumers are aware of the importance of food packaging and the risk from the packaging materials. The purpose of this study was to investigate costumer’s knowledge and attitudes about food packaging and food packaging materials, in Prishtina region. The study used questionnaire survey, with closed questions with about 280 respondents by face-to-face interviewing, buying packaged foods in supermarkets and retail stores in Pristina.

The research resulted that 45% of costumers in Pristina are not aware of the risk of food packaging. During shopping, most of costumers were attracted by and focused on the shape, design and color of the packaging and less on potential risks. Based on the results we conclude that promotion on food labeling and packaging awareness about potential risks should be strengthened.

Health information systems (HIS) are globally renowned for their great in-formation processing and dissemination power. Due to this they can readily avail past patient medical information across the continuum of care in order to facilitate on going treatment. However, a number of existing HIS are habitually designed as vertical silos with no interoperability onuses and there-fore, cannot exchange patient information. At the same time little knowledge is known about the intricacies that usually surround HIS’ interoperability implementations. Nevertheless, to advance understanding of the intricacies of HIS’ interoperability implementations, several researchers highly recommend thorough analysis of the systems’ context of integration. Therefore, this study employs an institutional lens perspective to investigate contextual factors with an impact on the design and management of Health-information-systems’ interoperability. Through this perspective, the following seven contextual factors were arrived at: institutional autonomism, in-tended system goals, existing health information systems, national HIS implementation guidelines, interoperability standards, policy at both local and international scenes, and resources in terms of labor and capital. A further study implication is the use of institutional lens in making sense of the systems’ context of integration, in order to discover salient factors with an impact on Health-information-systems’ interoperability designing.

In recent decades corporate governance is very actual topic, especially in financial institutions, and more and more investors and regulators in the insurance industry have insisted on establishing an adequate corporate governance system. But what exactly is corporate governance? Is it just a trend or a real need for the insurance companies?

Good corporate governance is undoubtedly necessary to maintain a fair, safe and stable insurance sector that will protect the interests of insurers, which in return will contribute to the stability of the financial system as a whole. The insurance industry, like other parts of the financial system, is undergoing a number of changes and that is why insurance companies need to have a stable corporate system in order to face changes easily and respond adequately to rapid sociological, technological changes and economic development.

The benefits of good corporate governance are unquestionable - they provide for greater competitiveness of insurance companies, increased efficiency and corporate results, greater company asset value and higher company reputation, all of which are important factors in the modern business environment.

Finally, it should be noted that corporate governance is not a once-established system, but a continuous process that needs to be constantly upgraded and improved. The market is the one that will evaluate and value the commitment of the insurance companies in the process of building an adequate system of good corporate governance in the long run.

Corruption is a global concern today and Kosovo is no exception! As a matter fact, successful combat against corruption is a crucial condition that has to be met for every legal and a democratic state. For the Republic of Kosovo this means first of all establishing a consistent legal framework based on the general principals of the European Law.

Aim of this research is to prove that in order to have a more successful combat against corruption, Kosovo has to take all measures that are foreseen from the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption, even though Kosovo has not signed this convention yet. With other words this paper does compare the domestic criminal offenses on corruption of the Criminal Code of Kosovo with the incriminations of the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption.

After the war, Kosovo was found in chaotic situation especially its justice system. Therefore this paper includes also a historical review on corruption in Kosovo. Nevertheless the main attention of the paper is about the relation between the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption and the Criminal Code of Kosovo.

The contemporary urban-architectural space has been marked by two parallel operations; on one hand, control: prototypes of a preserved and reconstructed city, ideal and precious. On the other, cynicism: overcrowded countercultures that eliminate disciplinary boundaries and mock at the professional practice of urbanism and architecture. This characteristic threshold-territory of the postmodern city houses expressions that modernism could not and did not want to include in its rational discourse, and that have their origin in cynicism, which in practice determines the use and consumption, transformation and transvaluation of the real urban-architectural territory through experimentation.

Historically through the suppression of borders, cynicism opposed Platonism and rationalism, pillars of the normalization of Western thought; as a consequence and resistance, postmodernity will claim cynicism in countercultures that choose ideological and spatial transgression as a way of life and expresses particular phenomena for which there is not yet an explanatory theory, and although cynicism is not a theory but a pragmatism proposed as a philosophy of freedom, transgression, and suppression of limits, there is no other ideological stance that more accurately explains the conditions of the production of space in the 21st century.

This lecture describes a theoretical proposal that reconfigures the way of thinking and using urban-architectural territories, is product of a doctoral research on the countercultural forms of mobility and transgression in the City of Mexico, which questions the conventional ways of using the public and architectural space. It is based on the studies of the cynicism by Foucault and Sloterdijk, the visions of resistance of Becker and Onfray, and the philosophical-spatial models applied to the city of Deleuze and Koolhaas. The postmodern cynicism (kynicism) is claimed as a creative strategy to reconfigure and produce contemporary urban-architectural territories.

The waterproofing system of the bridge deck generally consist of a waterproofing layer plus a protective layer. The durability of bridges depends on the effectiveness of the bridge deck waterproofing system. Reinforced concrete is extremely durable structure material if properly constructed, however porosity will always occur and on the wear surface hairline cracking occurs, which allow water and corrosive materials to penetrate the concrete and attack steel reinforcement bar. The bridge deck waterproofing product can be divided into three main categories: sheets systems, liquid systems add mastic layer. In most cases the protective layer is asphalt layer. In Kosovo motorways was used sheets system. During the installation of the waterproofing system some defects were encountered such as: concrete surface irregularities and cracks, excessive quartz sand not removed, non-uniformly heated waterproofing membrane strips, etc. These defects have affected the adhesion between sheets and foundation layer. Prevention steps are: experienced workmanship, good supervision, and full compliance with the applicable standard during installation.

Greenery inside cities is integral part of their urban area, which affects citizens and life in cities in essential way, supports quality of the city and especially its public space. Today greenery is integral and expected part of a complex, which we call "urbanity". In our geographical latitudes, conditions for beneficial effects of greenery are good so far, and it was possible to maintain the greenery without too high costs and with huge effect for urban area. In present time with growing influence of climate change on internal municipal environment occurs also increase of influence of a greenery on stability of inner city climate (and not only - protection against formation of thermal islands, increase of habitation of public areas, creation of more humid and cold air at night, etc.). Recent way of adjustment of more municipal parks and squares doesn't really respond to this requirement, works on renovation of parks and public areas are being disproportionately prolonged, there are used inappropriate cover materials for sidewalks and paths, placement of green spaces and trees is reduced (shading, humid air, absorption and water retention are limited) and full efficiency of municipal greenery (especially trees again), after the works on the park are finished, is postponed for later time. Within our presentation will be given actual examples of inappropriate changes from presence, including examples of strong reduction of greenery and list of possible negative effects of degradation of role of greenery in municipal and public areas.

Kosova’s primary and secondary school poor results in local and international level show that there is a need of including new tools and methodologies in order to transform education using technology. Providing digital learning materials have proved to be very useful. Main purpose of this research is to identify technological possibilities in providing such materials through cloud services for the grades I-XII. Its main research question is: “How to design a platform that fulfills the needs of the material also being competitive to other stuff on Internet, such as video games and social networks?” Moreover, we address the issues on deciding about the best techniques to be used on providing such materials and the underlying hardware and software requirements. Cloud services are large in number and advantageous when comparing it to traditional ones e.g. scalability, processing power, availability, to name a few. The Microservices architecture cloud platform described in this paper ensures student’s attractiveness and competitiveness at the same time by including video games for learning purposes. As per the case for the learning material of the curriculum for grad I-XII of Kosovo education system, it was estimated that the required storage space is around 32 TB. Besides the current results, for future work is planned to include applications that stimulate experiments in chemistry, biology, geography, and Virtual Labs (through Virtual Reality technology).

. In a consumerist society, increasing speed of product replacement drives unbearable sustainability problems. Manufacturing and sales-focused linear economy give insufficient concern to use phase and afterlife of products. Fewer consumers engage in the practice of repair in order to increase product longevity. On the contrary goal of a circular economy is producing less waste through increasing connections between product lifecycles, which makes product afterlife a crucial issue. In the circular design literature, modularity, material selection and disassembly properties of products are often highlighted. However, the practice of repair is often neglected in sustainable product design researches. This paper focuses on design strategies to enhance the reparability of products to support circular user behavior. Major design strategies to change user behavior towards repairing are discussed. Moreover, the process and outcomes of undergraduate product design focused on design for repair presented.

Verbascum Thapsus, a common medicinal plant, is used as anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, diuretic and in treatment of tracheitis and bronchitis [1, 2, 3, 4]. The goal of the present work was to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Verbascum thapsus scavenging capacity, ferrous ion chelating activity and reducing power were used to determine the antioxidant properties of the Verbascum thapsus extract. Antimicrobial activity was investigated by using agar well diffusion method. According to the antioxidant results, the IC50 value of DPPH radical scavenging activity of the plant extract was 2033.33 ± 0.03 µg/ml. The ferrous ion chelating as ihibition effect was observed to be 97.25% for a concentration of 400 µg/ml. The reducing power activity of the plant extract was determined as 0.6857 µg/ml. Overall, the antioxidant results showed that Verbascum thapsus extract had good antioxidant activity. In addition, the antibacterial activity of Verbascum thapsus extract was determined against one gram negative (Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922)) and four gram positive (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SBT8), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633)) bacteria. The results showed that Verbascum thapsus extract had the highest antibacterial effect against S. cerevisiae (SBT8), mild effect against the other bacteria except B. cereus, while the plant extract had no inhibitory effect against B. subtilis (ATCC 6633).

The focus of this paper describes the designing procedure of Small hydro power plant implemented in Restelica River, Kosovo. For normal operation of the Small hydro power plant, there must be done measurements of the river basin annually water flow, hydraulic net head of water, to calculate sustainability of water flow, flow duration curve, flow rate, configuration units depending on flow rate etc. The choice of the turbines was made depending on head and flow rate of water from which has resulted in the installation of different turbines that have fit better those conditions. The head losses in penstock are estimated to be in the percentage (%) of the hydraulic gross head, depending on the length of the penstock, its diameter, sustainability of flow rate and its velocity. Since the water flow, it's not stable enough for production 3.018 MW electricity from one turbine, in this case, are proposed to installing three different turbines. This paper aims to determine the best efficiency of Small hydro power plants SHPP Restelica 1,2 and 3, with three turbines during operation depending on rated discharge per unit. If we rely only on the gross level of water drop in the respective turbine, then for all three power plants, Restelica 1, 2 and 3, it follows that the most favorable turbines will be those of Francis. But when optimizing a particular type of turbine for a particular location, one must also consider the amount of water that will pass through the turbine in question.

The main objective of this research was to determinate the vitamins A and E in fodder concentrate and raw cow milk from region of Kumanovo, Macedonia. As material for this research, samples of feed and samples of cow's raw milk from the cattle fed with the same food were taken. The test material was taken from a farm in the region of Kumanovo. Vitamins А and Е have been examined with the methodology of extraction on HPLC – Perkin Elmer, pump: series 200LC, auto sampler; ISS – 200, detector LC – 135/LC -235 C DA. The amount of vitamin A in fodder concentrate was 7.5438 mcg/100 g, while the amount of vitamin E was 23.115 mcg/kg. The amount of vitamin A in raw cow milk from region of Kumanovo was 30 mcg/100g, while the amount of vitamin E was 0.86 mcg/100g.

This research study analyzes various published papers that provide an overview of different testing tools, and focuses on TestBench application which was developed by Imbus and is of great help in terms of test management, TestBench supports manual and automated testing including documenting and reporting of the testing procedure, TestBench along with the Testing Intelligence tool developed to present real-time testing reports by metrics is a great help in testing management. This topic describes software testing methodology through the TestBench tool which through the Testing Intelligence module generates real test reports by metrics. The purpose of testing may be quality assurance, verification and validation, or reliability assessment. Testing can also be used as a general metric. Correctness testing and reliability testing are two major areas of testing offered by the TestBench tool. The contribution of of this research study is in presenting case study analyses of the tool and analyses the benefits and the way and manner of providing the correctness of testing through these tools.

This research paper focuses on the creative process of vocal recording production and it analyses the producer-songwriter/vocalist relationship.

The key findings uncover seven studio work methods that occurred as a result of producer’s balance between being adaptive/supportive and suggestive towards songwriters in the studio. These findings incorporate: 1. Translating Creative Ideas and Executing them Technically Communication and Understanding between the Producer and Songwriter; 2. Music Producer’s presence in the studio; 3. Music Producer’s Presence in the Studio — What is the Effect of the

Audience in Music Performance?;

4. Using Recording Techniques to Emphasise Artist’s Performance Strengths; 5. Helping Singers in the Studio with their Confidence - Nurturing Novelty versus Nurturing What Sounds “Recognisable” (Familiar versus Unfamiliar Stimulus; The Mere Exposure Effect); 6. Spontaneity of Vocal

Performance and its Usefulness based on Bruner’s Concept of Creativity and 7. Improving Studio Vocal Performance through the Vocal Comping Technique. Vocal Comping as the “Final Take” and as a “Reference Take”.

Milk together with their dairy products due to their healthy components and benefits are most useful products in the worlds especially in Kosovo. However, the quality of milk and dairy products sometimes it makes to hesitate people to use them in their diet. The objective of this study is to analyze the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in different dairy products such as: cheese heard and semi soft cheese, whey, yoghurt as well as and milk as a starter product of all of these products. Traditional methods with plates and special media have been used to analyze LAB and their diversity, 16S rRNA sequence has been used to identify the culture of LAB. Results show that different species of LAB are shown. Most dominant culture is species from lactococcus groups followed by lactobacillus and enterococcus. This study shows that diversity of LAB in different of dairy products exists.

As a concept applied to the global political developments of recent decades, this paper will reveal and highlight the impacts and effects of E-Governance on the governance of a country, as a platform or system where the inclusion of society in government is done freely and democratically through digital service delivery. E-Governance through Information Systems has made sense for the proper management of democratic elements in the types of governance of a nation or even of the smaller social groups within it. Interestingly, the paper addresses the fact of governing transparency in developing countries and the involvement of society in decision-making, excluding their traditional elements of state bureaucracy. This paper also addresses the effects and advantages of E-Government across all types of government (central, local, ethnic groupings or ethnicities, etc.), as well as indicators of the managerial effects of different policies through systems management. Recognition and the most positive outcomes or meeting the expectations of both policy and citizens through the use of E-Government are recognized as the results of policy management stemming from E-democracy, and digital governance, where transparency and accountability are the most positive indicators of managing information systems and E-Government applications.

This research provides an analysis overview of the advantages from strong protection of the intellectual property rights (IPR), how economic development may be promoted by an effective system of intellectual property rights.

Intellectual property is an old concept, where Venetian law of 1474, often a reference to the protection of inventions that establishes an exclusive right of an individual, eliminating for the first time, the public interest.

This paper will deal with a very interesting encounter between architecture and cinema through analysing two texts written by Soviet film director Sergei Eisenstein. In the late years of his career, Eisenstein wrote an article on Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s architectural etchings Le Carceri d'Invenzione, finding cinematic dynamism in those images. The current text will analyse the formal method of Eisenstein’s architectural reading and will ask the question why he looked at the 18th-century architectural etchings of Piranesi in order to find contemporary cinematic forms.

Experiences show that urban mobility based on fossil fuels is not the way forward and cities that have prioritised private automobile mobility in their planning have turned out to be disadvantageous for people from a health, safety, and economic perspectives. It has been proven that building automobile friendly infrastructure will not solve the traffic challenges in cities. The development of sustainable urban transport systems requires a conceptual leap and paradigm shift. In this context, Eco-Mobility is a new application practice that covers all the policies and principles of sustainable transportation and as such, it is developed for the application of this transportation concept. The EcoMobility SHIFT’s 20 indicators will be used for measuring the sustainability and ecomobility level of our study case, Bozcaada Island, Turkey, thus by raising awareness of the existence of an instrument for assessing the level of EcoMobility of cities, it finally aims to prepare them for a transition towards sustaianable and eco-friendly ones.

Fake news is a growing phenomenon. From the latest Q3 report Cybersecurity Report, the findings found that there is a 312% increase in false news, the bulk from the new media. In the classic definition “fake news” is fabrication, lie, propaganda or disinformation used to get the audience (portals looking for clicks), but even to stain the reputation of individuals.¹ With such news, the public is served daily. The main purpose of this paper is to show that media literacy is the only solution to minimizing the negative effects of fake news. Media education is the skill of critical thinking that enables an individual to create independent appraisal of media content.² The analysis will focus at five news that have been fake and the effects that these news may have to the public.

This paper aims to define how we can foster new technologies in the field of product design in the particular context of Albania. Apart from several efforts in the local market to invest in human dynamic, infrastructure and qualitative design production technologies there is a lack of a clear strategy based on the interaction between businesses and academia under a research and design curriculum framework. This challenging process of the continuous collaboration between universities and business can lead to a new definition of product development using research methodologies developing a startup-design academy. The continuous exploration, analysis, reflection and inquiry of social needs can lead to new technologies using research methodologies focused in industrial and product design, product development and marketing.

The European policies tend to create an urban coherence and to develop as a territorial unification.

The NUTS classification (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) is a hierarchical system whose main objective is the regional development based on socioeconomic analysis, equality, and coherence. This categorization supports the ideology of capital cities to be considered, functioning as a metropolis. Hence, to be able to understand the prevalence of this theory, this paper primarily raises questions like: Is it the right time that Kosovo has to rethink the way of urban planning? ; Which indicators based on the New Urban Agenda should be taken into consideration when evaluating the city’s sense of creative resilience? Is Prishtina a metropolis? ; Do we have similarities with Western Balkan countries? And, is it the right time for globalization?

Additionally, this paper examines the physical growth trend of the city (Prishtine) and offers clarification, upon which proposition and suggestions are given on how to coordinate this changing city growth pattern with the benefits provided to human development

It is a curious paradox that Kosovo, indeed, aspires to be a member of European Union, but yet still possesses a territorial structure and urban policy documents completely different from the EU, moreover it continues to create documents which do not match with the European system.

Correspondingly, the general finding from this research paper is that, admittedly, large cities, on balance, benefit from globalization, although in some cases at the expense of widening spatial injustices. Hereupon, Kosovo as a country can benefit from globalization because it can borrow the urban policies and housing methods in that way adapting it to the context to preserve the originality. Furthermore, there is a need to educate new generations by using different strategies to stretch their knowledge by explaining in terms of unification and globalization.

This paper presents two possibilities of martensitic (fine grain and coarse grain) microstructure preparation. These microstructures are present as sub-zones in the heat-affected zone of welded joints, but due to the narrow region of HAZ in a real weld, only a few tests are possible to perform such as micro-hardness. Welding simulator and laboratory furnace were used as methods for the preparation of the specimens. The material used in this study was a Nickel Molybdenum alloy steel (18CrNiMo7-6). Investigation of the mechanical properties of sub-zones of the HAZ of this particular alloy steel, were done by applying proper thermal cycles. Hardness and diameter of grain size were measured, tensile strength is calculated and Charpy instrumented test of both microstructures were performed in room temperature. The difference in Impact toughness was remarkable due to the difference in microstructure, energy for initiation and propagation were calculated by comparing (F-t and E-t) diagrams for both microstructures. The study revealed that the preparation of specimens with microstructure as at welded condition is possible, and it could lead to prepare samples for investigation of other mechanical properties such as fatigue crack growth and fracture toughness test.

Sustainable Urban Design (SUD) is concerned with the process of creating the aptitude of urban design communities and other engaged individuals and groups in the process to minimize the negative impact of urban development and to maximize the positive effects in this respect. This study is focused on the investigation of the level of knowledge and experience communities and individuals concerned with the sustainability of the design of the urban product and urban process. The paper presents five determinants of sustainable design of urban products and urban process, that argue the sustainability concept as a combination of art and science needed to design and create places that endure. The sustainability determinants are derived from indicators for sustainable urban development. The five determinants of sustainable product and process design analysed in this study are land use, energy efficiency, environmental issues, social issues, and materials and water treatment. The research approach is based on theoretical and practical issues related to sustainable urban design. The data are derived from case studies and survey research. The results signify the level of urban designers and planners concerned with the sustainable urban design by comparing the international design community with the national community.

The increasingly normative severity and market competitiveness have led the agriculture sector and the food industry to constantly look for logic improvements that can be applied in processes monitoring systems. In a context where fast, non-destructive and reliable techniques are required, image analysis-based methods have gained interest, thanks to their ability to spatially characterize heterogeneous samples. In such a scenario, HyperSpectral Imaging (HSI) is an emerging technique that provides not only spatial information of imaging systems, but even spectral information of spectroscopy. The utilization of the HSI approach opens new interesting scenario to quality control logics in agricultural and food processing/manufacturing sectors.

Three different case studies are presented in this paper. In particular, the utilization of an HSI system, working in SWIR range, was applied for: i) detecting contaminants in dried fruits to be packaged, ii) identifying olive fruits attacked by olive fruit flies and iii) recognizing flour type.

In particular, the proposed approach is based on the application of Partial Least Squares – Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) classification method to HyperSpectral images in Short Wave InfraRed (SWIR) range (1000-2500 nm). The proposed case studies demonstrate that this logic can be successfully utilized as a quality control system on agri-food products coming from different manufacturing stages, but it can even be seen as an analytical core for sorting engines.

Image classification application has recently been covering a high number of research fields. In the other hand as the performance of the mobile devices is being updated day by day, the implementation of image recognition algorithms in them, is not only being trendy but very helpful in everyday tasks. With the automatic monument recognition, visiting a city is easy and fun. This application recognizes the captured monument, gives useful information and describes that particular landmark.

In this paper there are used four historical monuments of the city of Prizren, Kosovo and the aim is to classify these four famous monuments.

The images where taken specially for the research from the different angles of the city and the dataset for the classification process has been created.

One of the most convenient algorithms of Deep Learning is used for the classification of these four types of monuments. Using Matlab, a convolutional neural network architecture is adopted for the training of the created model.

After the model is fully trained, it is validated and tested to calculate the accuracy of the model.

The aim of presented study is determination of heavy metals on honey samples with different botanic origin produced by Kosovo farmers and as well as the comparison of gathered results with the specific environmental conditions, with particular emphasis on industrial and agricultural areas where the concentration of heavy metals is expected to be higher than at forester areas. Concentrations of thirty-four heavy metals were investigated in 30 different honey sample but are reported only the most important elements. For this reason inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques is used. All metals were detected in 78.49% of the honey samples. Values of pH for tested honey samples shows that they are all acidic, with range of pH values from 3.41 to 4.97, with mean value of pH 4.07 ± 0.33. The most abundant element in investigated honey was resulted to be Mg (44.831 mg kg^-1), followed by Al (12.013 mg kg^-1), Fe (8.859 mg kg^-1), Zn (4.814 mg kg^-1), Mn (3.378 mg kg^-1), Cr (2.472 mg kg^-1), Se (1.599 mg kg^-1) and Cu (1.105 mg kg^-1), the mean of others elements was less than 1 mg kg^-1 (Co, Ni, As, U and Cd). Neither of the analyzed samples has been found the presence of any of the lead isotopes: 206, 207 or 208. In general, the heavy metal concentration in investigated honey samples collected in regions of Kosovo generally fit international standards but concentration of heavy metals in honey samples is strongly depended by environmental conditions.

In this paper, we design and implement a low-cost energy monitoring sensor that can be used in many applications, such as in electricity billing, energy management in smart grid and also at home automation. The design is based on a low-cost HLW8012 chip and ESP32 microcontroller. Measurement of electric power using HLW8012 with Kalman Filter is a new technique proposed in this paper. The experimental results showed that this sensor with this new algorithm can monitor energy and successfully measure data like voltage, current, active power and reactive power.

Banks are one of the main sectors to benefit from information systems. The nature of the banking industry along with other financial industries includes information and trust. Being in the service industry, banks need more information. Technologies like cloud-computing and other Internet-based information storage systems have allowed banks to provide state-of-the-art customer service to customers while maintaining the market competitiveness required for business profitability. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance of information systems, their use and provision in financial institutions, as well as the problems, threats and attacks faced by financial institutions, strategies for their protection and application of standards.

Given that online information is a main topic in the field of modern media worldwide, it is important to understand the role of this form of information. But the dilemma here is that we really have information in the full sense of the word, and news that really constitutes news ?! On the other hand, has the form of online reporting influenced the true journalist that the journalists of the portals have been passivated, since the statements of state officials were also being served by social networks. So, even the state officials themselves are taking advantage of this opportunity to avoid confronting journalists at press conferences. In this scientific research, based on a survey in Kosovo with respondents aged 15 to 18, from 30 to 40 years old, we will find out how much they trust the portals, while with the older respondents , from 50 to 60 years of age, do they have access to the online form or do they still read print or classic newspapers.

In the contemporary world, the modern geospatial information system (GIS), based on the integrated data systems, ranging from data on mines and minerals; road infrastructure, water supply, sewage, energy, garbage collection; protected areas, health data, up to the register of properties, businesses, and the population register is used to increase the performance of public and private sector. Structuring spatial data and opening it up for easy use helps the society in reducing the administrative burden regarding to the real estate, spatial planning, estate tax administration and its evaluation. In the execution of the community action plan for the environmental policy setting (Directive 2007/2 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2007, establishing European Community Spatial Information Infrastructure - INSPIRE Directive), since 2009 the implementation of some important large-scale development projects GIS have also been launched in some European countries, but also in our country, with the aim of improving spatial and descriptive data and related spatial statistics concerning properties, processing, maintenance and data exchange. This paper will describe the current state of spatial data and the possibility of their reorganization in order for their use and function to be much easier for communities, implementing so the European regulations and directives on spatial data.

This study attempts to capture a holistic view of the phenomenon of ageing and what kind of impact information and communication technologies can have on the quality of life in ageing society, with special focus on health care. The systemic view recognizes the different perspectives of patients, front line care providers and the health care organization. The ultimate goal is to scrutinize the value co-creation opportunities as well as the challenges and risks when innovative technology is implemented in a complex service ecosystem. The empirical material is collected through an observational study at an elderly care unit in Tokyo, Japan, where robots are used in order to facilitate different kinds of social interaction among the elderly patients. In this context, it is highly relevant to discuss what kind of innovations can be considered as both desirable and feasible – and how the decisions can best be guided by different perspectives

Internet of Things (IoT) seems to be one of the strongest transforming technological trends. Developed countries are investing a lot of resources in re- search and infrastructure to provide all it is needed for a better future through IoT. The aim of the paper is to highlight the potential use of IoT in developing countries, such as Albania and Kosovo, as a means to achieve their sustainability goals based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Both countries are mak- ing considerable efforts toward these objectives. This paper analyzes opportuni- ties and challenges of IoT implementation in order to help Albania and Kosovo achieve a sustainable future.

Television has been one of the key media for many years, being used as an intermediate in the promotional goals of companies. This study deals with the recent television’s position, while the study is conducted in Kosova’s market. The paper deals with citizens' preferences regarding the position of national televisions in the country. The descriptive research approach is used, while comparative analysis takes a key role. Moreover, the study analyzes the behavior of potential consumers regarding the time they spend in front of the television, the specific viewership during the day, the most watched productions, the best television position etc. The study reveals more than half of respondents who are still using television, they use it for the news. This paper concludes that during recent years, the promotional role of television has faded significantly, being replaced mainly with the social media.

Yugoslavia portrays a place of different ideological experiments that effected country’s economic tradition metamorphosed from socialism to neoliberalism. After the 1948’s political shifts, Yugoslavian government as a genuine model of management, established ‘Socialist Modernism’. Consequently, international architecture scene, (between World Wars and the 1980s) that was exposed to different streams from ‘International Style’ to Mega-structures and ‘American Brutalism’ influenced Yugoslav architecture too.

The purpose of this work is to describe the modernization of socialist architecture that occurred in Yugoslavia by presenting the evolution of Prishtina, the capital city of Kosova, during Josip Broz Tito administration. As a concrete representation of these historic phenomena, this work introduces the building of ‘Boro-Ramiz: Sport, Culture and Trade Complex’ designed by DOM Architectural Office from Sarajevo and built between 1974 and 1981. The complex is known as a landmark of Prishtina; a symbol of the socialist moral, and portrayal of Yugoslavia’s international political, economic and cultural achievements. Another important statement is the influence of ‘Metabolist Movement’s structuralism, like an expression of collective samples, since the design shows structural and rhetorical similarities with ‘TANU Headquarters’ designed by Kisho Kurokawa. The scope of the work contains the complex’s design context in the frame of ‘Socialist Modernization’, which is a display of Tito-Stalin Split in 1948 and government’s political, economic and cultural shift towards the West and the Third World Countries

The continuous transformation of the agricultural, and natural territories to a build environment, has been very dynamic in Tirana, especially during these last 30 years. Resulting mainly in an informal urban sprawl, many questions have been raised on the future of these areas. To prevent a further extension, a new strategy has emerged by the latest General Local Plan of Tirana, which develops the city within its actual footprint and re-defines the urban area by implementation of a Green Belt. This paper aims to study the possible scenarios between the two city fabrics, landscape and informality. Such study is seen of a great interest due to the landscape high potential not only in the development of informal areas, but also in their integration with the rest of the city.

“Cute Babulja,” a self-titled album can be considered one of the (first) alternative music albums that changed the landscape of music in post-war Kosovo. Beside drawing from jazz, folklore, and art-rock influences, it is hypothesized that the album comes as a direct descendant of bands that played in Kosovo all the way to the 60s. Beside (music) influences from Kosovo bands like “Bankrot” during the 80s, Muharrem Qena during the 70s, there are also influences from artists such as Frank Zappa.

This article will focus on exploring the literary elements of humor within the lyrics of “Cute Babulja” band’s self-titled album. We will focus on historical, political, and cultural elements in order to uncover how they come together and interact to produce parody through the language within the bands lyrics. Furthermore, we will explore how language is constructed and used (standardized Albanian Language intermixed with the context and certain Gheg dialect words used in Kosovo) within the band’s lyrics in order to create effects of temporality (i.e. jump back and forth in time and space) that in turn creates a layer of parody that serves as a cultural self-evaluation. Furthermore, in this paper we will focus more on intertextuality and semiotics (rather than purely linguistics) by exploring the culturally-specific connotations and symbolism of specific words, phrases, and lyrics. From explicit literary homages such as Dritero Agolli’s character Cute Babulja, and all the way to more obscure innuendos linked to urban culture in Prishtina, Kosovo’s capital.

We also hypothesize that “Cute Babulja” served as a direct influence to later bands such as “Oborri” (2016), who were not only influenced by their musical elements, but also for their use of subtle humor and parody.

Introduction and objectives: Low back pain (LBP) is a common complaint in pregnant women [1]. LBP is more prevalent in pregnant women than non-pregnant women at the same age (25% vs. 6.3%) [2]. Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent disorder associated with increased medical expenses and work loss [3]. The objective of this study is to evaluate the frequency of LBP during pregnancy and the characteristics of the pain. Methodology: The approach of the study was cross'sectional study; there were included women with low risk of pregnancy. Part of the study was women over the age of 18, there have been excluded from the study women with psychiatric disorders, those with previous lumbar spine or who had or were in medication for back pain. Results: Were interviewed 350 pregnant women in the third trimester, which were presented in the General Hospital of Prizren, at obstetric ward, during the year 2018. The prevalence of LBP was 59.1%, mostly in the third trimester. The average age was 25.7 ± 4.2, the average gestational age of the appearance of pain was 31 weeks. Social data: 91% were married or in relationship, 26% worked outside the home and 87.1% had completed secondary education. Back pain was most common during the second trimester (50.0%). According to the data from the respondents, the symptoms worsened at night (77.1%). Bed regime reduced the pain for 50% of women. Based on the responses given, physical exercises have reduced the pain in 34.3% of the cases. Conclusions: LBP is common in pregnant women. This cross-sectional showed that about 1 in 2 women have LBP in any stage of pregnancy. It is necessary to draft preventive strategies and multidisciplinary cooperation in order to improve the quality of life of pregnant women. Receiving no housework assistance is another risk factor.

“The function of the media in Albania of the period immediately after the communism fall, is that of the regulator in the political behavior of the Albanian citizens, precisely of the establishment of reciprocal relations between him and the political forces of the country. In a way, the media has become a very important factor in building the political relations of society and in some sense of the state itself, ”says Prof. Artan Fuga. But even though it has been thirty years since then, the same phenomenon is again observed: the media and politics go as far as they need to get along with each other, because this coexistence is imposed by the harsh social and political terrain for years. This paper seeks to analyze precisely this, the connection and dependence of the media on politics and vice versa ,in Albania. Often, the clash of the two is forced to produce fake news, Fake News which is simultaneously manipulate and are manipulated by social, political and media realities. From this context, we say that the press itself is the carrier and transmitter of social subjectivity and an equally important element of the political entities themselves in the Albanian transitional society.

The horror experienced by the 30 wounded in Dubrava Prison from 19.05.1999 until release from Pristina Hospital which then continued in Serbian prisons. The study involved 30 patients injured in Dubrava Prison from 19-22 May 1999. Their hospitalization was performed at the Pristina Hospital at the Vascular Surgery Clinic from 26.05.1999-08.06.1999. They stayed in the hospital 1-15 days and then they returned to prison again. Their average age was 32.4 years, The youngest was 17 years old The oldest was 50 years old Two patients had no birthdays in the hospital admission protocol. Of the 30 Albanian wounded, two died during hospitalization and another, after being released from the hospital was then sent in Serbia’s prison where he died after 11 days. Injuries were various: explosive wounds, scapular injuries and injuries from beatings by various means. The aim of this paper is to present the maltreatment, medical and institutional non humanism of the Serb state by violating every human right of the wounded persons in prison as well as those of the patients in hospital.

The concept of designing systems architecture has evolved, from one to another, each of them satisfying different quality requirements. Now days, main goal is to satisfy all the user requests, minimize the server response time, secure the integrity of components of the system and at the same time make them cooperative, in order to achieve a fully functional feature. Microservices architecture has the ability to satisfy all of those needs and demands, implemented with modern technologies, such as .NET Core and ReactJS. As a case study, “Diploma Theses Management System at UBT” combined all these technologies and architectures patterns, to make a fully functional system.

This paper deals with the replication of various scales in Eastern musical culture, including Makham scales, Melakarta scales and certain microtonal scales throughout Europe through the new instrument Octo invented in 2010 by Liburn Jupolli.

The study shows how the 3 different tonal structures within the Octo neck make the replication of a wide variety of instruments in one practical setup and continues to research how these possibilities can combine to make new hybrid scales.

The study also analyses the replication of Western microtonal scales of 20th century composers.

The article deals with the authors’ reading on the genesis of money from commodity money to digital money and crypto currencies. The authors try to define the nature of money despite the diversity and changes of their forms. The determinants imposing expansion of geographical scope in the use of certain currencies are analyzed. The authors think that there are two independent ways for the future (r)evolution of money. One is the development of the classic form of money – gold, but especially as a store of value. The other way is the development of digital forms of certain powerful national currencies. The future of crypto currencies as real currencies, fulfilling all the functions of money, is questionable.

Pathophysiologies of cancer-associated syndroms such as cachexia are poorly understood and no routine biomarkers have been established, yet. Using shotgun proteomics, known marker molecules including PMEL, CRP, SAA and CSPG4 were found deregulated in patients with metastatic melanoma. Targeted analysis of 58 selected proteins with multiple reaction monitoring was applied for independent data verification. In three patients, two of which suffered from cachexia, a tissue damage signature was determined, consisting of nine proteins, PLTP, CD14, TIMP1, S10A8, S10A9, GP1BA, PTPRJ, CD44 and C4A, as well as increased levels of glycine and asparagine, and decreased levels of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine concentrations, as determined by targeted metabolomics. Remarkably, these molecules are known to be involved in key processes of cancer cachexia. Based on these results, we propose a model how metastatic melanoma may lead to reprogramming of organ functions via formation of platelet activating factors from long-chain polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines under oxidative conditions and via systemic induction of intracellular calcium mobilization. Calcium mobilization in platelets was demonstrated to alterate levels of several of these marker molecules. Additionally, platelets from melanoma patients proved to be in a rather exhausted state, and platelet-derived eicosanoids implicated in tumor growth were found massively increased in blood from three melanoma patients. Platelets were thus identified as important source of serum protein and lipid alterations in late stage melanoma patients. As a result, the proposed model describes the crosstalk between lipolysis of fat tissue and muscle wasting mediated by oxidative stress, resulting in the metabolic deregulations characteristic for cachexia.

In secondary raw materials and industrial recycling sectors there is the need of solving quality control issues. The development and deployment of an effective, fast and robust sensing architecture able to detect, characterize and sort solid waste products is of primary importance. Near InfraRed (NIR) based HyperSpectral Imaging (HSI) techniques to detect materials to recycle and/or solid waste products to process represents an interesting solution to address quality control issues in these sectors. In this paper, are presented two different case studies on the utilization of NIR-HSI to detect contaminants in household plastic packaging waste and recognize materials occurring in processed monitors and flat screen waste.

The proposed approach consists of a cascade detection based on Partial Least Squares – Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) classifiers applied on hyprspectral images acquired in NIR range (1000-1700 nm).

NIR spectroscopy provides the spectral signatures (i.e. “fingerprints”) of living human muscles, which represent specific, accurate, and reproducible measures of their overall biological status. We showed that chemometric analysis applied to NIR spectra acquired from the upper limb distinguishes the biceps from the triceps. We acquired muscles reflectance spectra in the Vis-SWIR regions (350-2500 nm), utilizing an ASD FieldSpec 4™ Standard-Res Spectroradiometer with a spectral sampling capability of 1.4 nm at 350-1000 nm and 1.1 nm at 1001-2500 nm. Optical spectroscopy proves effective for studying human muscles in vivo and contribute to non-invasive more thorough evaluation of the muscular system.

In the daily life, “no news is a good news” usually is used in the context that “a lack of information about a situation suggests that nothing bad has happened”. That might be true in many situation but sometimes “no news can be a bad news”. Focusing on Hydroelectric Power Plants, we use the data from National Environment Agency (NEA) and the traditional media, to argue why “no news is a bad news” and shed light on the media coverage of environmental impacts of HPP in Albania. While more than 260 licenses have been issued for energy production from HPP, more licenses are in the pipeline. Only in the first 7 months of 2019, Albanian National Environmental Agency has issued the Environmental Permit for 28 HPP while the environmental assessment reports have been submitted for 11 others, which most likely will soon get the environmental permit. Despite a number of advantages they offer as a clean source of energy, hydroelectric power facilities can have large environmental impacts by changing the environment and affecting land use, homes, and natural habitats in the dam area. However, with few exceptions such in the case of Valbona National Park and Osumi Canyons, traditional media coverage is missing, a trend which should change.

Parasites found in freshwater fishes are primarly protozoans, myxozoans, helminth (platyhelminths, nematodes and acanthocephalans), hirudineans and crustaceans. Although both ectoparasites and endoparasites are common in fishes, internal parasites are able to cause much greater damage to their hosts than external parasites.

Over the years, cage culture has become one of the economically viable methods of large-scale production of high-value food fishes. Although, cage farming has many economic advantages, diseases are one of the major limiting factors to the successful production.

The aim of this study was to determine the presence of parasite fauna in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 1758) from fish cage system on Tikvesh reservoir (Macedonia). A total of 206 specimens of common carp from this fish cage system were examined for parasitological investigations. Infestation with parasite was determined in 121 specimens (58.74 %).

In common carp from this reservoir, the presence of 5 parasite species was established: Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus extensus, Eudiplozoon nipponicum, Bothriocephalus opsariichthydis and Ergasilus sieboldi.

In confined conditions such as cages where the stocking density is very high and the resultant stress might act as conductive factor for pathogens to cause diseases. High stocking densities coupled with fluctuations in environmental conditions and/or stress can favor parasite proliferation leading to significant mortalities in net-cage-reared fishes.

Lately, powerful earthquakes stroke some parts of the world, while the Balkan Peninsula was hit by moderate ones. During a powerful earthquake, a building structure is invaded by an enormous quantity of kinetic energy . As far as the manner is concerned, this energy it is initially absorbed, and thereafter distributed throughout building structure relying not only to the reaction of structure as a whole, or structural elements in particular, but the nature, the distribution and the quantity of the damages also. As Nikola Tesla once quoted:“If you want to find the secrets of universe, think in terms of energy, frequency and vibration”. In order to be able to achieve some degree of control, in structural engineering, the frequency is the fundamental parameter one must begin with. Passive control is actively implemented in the developed countries, whereas intensive laboratory examinations are underway the last two decades in the domain of semi-active and active structural control as well. Among others this paper will also tackle issues related to: the seismic isolation, which represents in itself an issue of significant importance.

Nowadays is very important to control systems. Crane systems are tremendously utilised in numerous heavy load transportation industries, and therefore, the control of crane systems is a well-established research field. The system is described by mechanical equations, equations of motion and transfer function. The case of open loop is also analyzed and simulated parameters of PID controller to stability Crane system. The PID controller and the modeling of the system is executed in Matlab-Simulink.

The aim of this research is for the intensity and representation of the manner of politic communication to be as correct as possible. Social Media has allowed the audience to get the message as fast as possible through different channels which enable unlimited exchange of information. The main focus of this research is the careful analysis and finding of the relationships between politics, modern media and the public. This is especially worth studying since in the last few years, political leaders have begun to use social media for political marketing purposes and/or various campaigns with the aim of escorting their the best image they can to the audience. Besides that, politicians now too have social media accounts like Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin etc. They thus, use these accounts in one way or another, to represent a certain status, share a photograph, be it for political or social purposes. The modern Media has also changed the access of political communication in relation to the public. The public receives the message in a direct way, only by liking an official website of the subject or leader of that political party. This way, the public doesn’t only receive the message without the need of any other media, but they also can comment a certain attitude of theirs about a certain occurrence, event or public person.

The future urban development of Prishtina is the subject to this research paper. Whether Prishtina has its potentials toward being resilient or not as per the UN and EU criterias, while at the same time comparing it with the cities in the region, Belgrade and Zagreb, it’s the main subject to this research paper.

The evaluation of Prishtina, Belgrade and Zagreb developmental path and their weight toward resilience, adaptation and mitigation has been done through the scan of the legislation for the capital city of Prishtina, the capital city of Belgrade and the capital city of Zagreb, by the indicators of EU Basque Declaration for the New Pathways for European Cities and Towns to create productive, sustainable and resilient cities for a liveable and inclusive Europe.

The trend of constructing and converting an ordinary home into a smart home has been on a steady rise in recent years, all thanks to new technologies now being implemented such as Internet Of Things (IoT) and smart devices that have the ability to collect important data in order to optimize consumption and reduce the cost of electricity. Smart homes are considered expensive, but there is a possibility for a homeowner to implement some of the smart technologies without making huge expenses and investments. One way to do this is to use smart sockets, which make it possible for an ordinary home to function as a smart one. The purpose of this topic is to explain the impact of applying smart outlets to ordinary homes as well as the steps that are needed to be taken to develop such a product. Starting from understanding hardware product development strategies to applying them in our case in important processes like the electronic part development, programming, development of a simple mobile application for user interaction and finally a description of the mechanical parts designed in 3D.

Understanding the process of identity construction, its dynamics, influencing factors, and the roles teachers adhere to while exercising their profession, has become a challenge many researchers are trying to overcome. In the Kosovo context, this field of study result utterly un-researched. Therefore, this study aims to understand the identity perception of the novice and experienced EFL teachers involving the following features; gender, role, qualification, teaching experience, methodology, teaching curriculum. The study took place in public and private elementary schools in Pristina region, Kosovo. A group of 32 EFL (English as Foreign Language) teachers engaged in urban and rural areas and 400 students constituted the sample of the study. Multiple-choice questionnaires were used to test, measure teachers perception about their-selves and students perceptions about professional side of their teachers. Classroom observation was used as supplementing element in this study. The study contributes to the understanding of the EFL context in Kosovo and provides a starting point to focus on quality teaching and strengthen the professional identity in our country.

This paper is a case study to study the project-based learning method in the course “Travel Business Management”. This course focuses on the business model and problems in operation. The main objectives of this course were to teach students to understand the principles of operation and to be able to organize trips to the public. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the successfulness of the project-based learning method by peer assessment technique. Students were assigned to set up their own mock-up tour company and arranging the full tour program. The instructor has established assessment form for the assessment in 5 areas: 1) Collaboration 2) Problem Solving 3) Initiative 4) Responsibility and 5) Leadership which are essential skills for 21st century learning. The results show that the Collaboration, Initiative and Responsibility are satisfied while Problem Solving and Leadership is neutral. Moreover, students show excitement and enthusiasm.

Despite being one of the most developed and regulated countries in the world, Switzerland is also considered to be the leading financial center in the world. Everyone agrees with the fact that banking is one of the most recognizable activities in Switzerland, and also places it among the most important international financial centers with a long tradition, stretching back to medieval times.

Swiss banking is a synonym for a banking system in which the principle of secrecy in banking is widely used. Banking secrecy as an established practice is based on the fact that customer data is kept secret for all third parties, whether private or public authorities. Banking secrecy as an institution is based on the fact that every client of the bank has the right to confidentiality of information and data when dealing with the bank, and that confidentiality excludes the ability of the third party to obtain information from the bank. Bank secrecy is an extension of the concept of banking discretion, which implies the professional obligation of bankers to keep clients' personal and financial information strictly confidential.

Banking secrecy in Switzerland, although it has changed its role over the years, especially in tax matters, still exists as an obligation for all Swiss banks. The Swiss banks, as well as the Swiss tax authorities, no longer have the right to refuse to provide (submit) property data of the taxpayer, referring to bank secrecy. However, without a special request, no information will be provided to anyone. The provision of information will in principle be secured in court, on the basis of the citizen's rights under Swiss law, and thus banking secrecy will continue to protect banks' clients from illegitimate requests for information by third parties, except cases of criminal activity and inheritance.

After the overthrow of the "clone", in December 1990 and in the spring of 1991, which was the barbarian border for the bloodshed, a new stage in the development of the border had started that described the Albanian people everywhere.What has aroused the most interest for me as a journalist at the time were two aspects:

a) the passage of the inhabitants of Albania near the border zone in Kosovo in the name of re-acquaintance with their blood people; and

b) using the "opening" of the border to exit Kosovo to the west and opening shops and businesses in Albania.

At first glance, what is really disturbing are the facts that the protagonists bring about how they were forced to comply with the instructions of the JNA officers, robbing the families they visited and badly trumpeting Albania on one hand, and the otherspeaking well of Serbia and their police and army. In order to incite Albania's hatred of Kosovo Albanians, the army and border police closed their eyes and ears to those passing their knowledge in Kosovo and Albanian families, only to comply with Serbian policy guidelines. Meanwhile, the rise of some businesses has brought about an unrealistic picture of people from Kosovo.The creation of this unstable atmosphere was done with the aim of deepening the division between Kosovo and Albania, furthermore in the hope that Albania would help Kosovo under any circumstances. Therefore, watching the transition of the communist system to democracy was not just a transfer of systems, but a transition accompanied by consequences, which took years to "repair", that is, until the beginning of the 1998-1999 war, whenthe transition of communism to democracy remain only a reminder of the past.

Which citizens are most receptive to foreign endorsements from autocrats? New information and communication technologies increasingly allow foreign leaders to shape public opinion outside their borders. Yet, we do not know much about the influence of endorsements outside the United States, especially when the endorsement comes from a non-democratic leader. We explore the influence of autocratic endorsements by studying Vladimir Putin’s influence in three European swing states, Albania, Kosovo and Serbia. Our study has two main objectives. First, we identify those dispositions that correlate with Putin-sympathy, testing whether support for Putin is linked to the “conservative values.” While many claim that Russia is promoting a kind of old Holy Alliance, there is mixed evidence that individuals with far-right attitudes tend to support Putin. Second, we use a survey experiment (N=1,653) to assess whether Putin’s endorsement impacts attitudes. Our study makes several theoretical and empirical contributions. While a growing body of research shows that foreign actors can shape public opinion, others show that foreign cues are ineffective or even counter-productive. However, existing research has primary studied foreign cues in the United States, which limits what this body of research can say about the effect of foreign endorsements on citizens’ political attitudes outside Western democracies. We analyze the influence of foreign endorsement in countries typically overlooked by political scientists and assess how various individual-level factors, other than partisanship and political awareness, shape receptivity to foreign voices. Moreover, given Albania, Kosovo, and Serbia’s diverse historical, cultural, and economic ties with Russia, we distinguish between country-level and individual-level moderators of foreign endorsements. Second, prior studies tend to focus on cues from international organizations. In reality, most individuals do not have strong priors toward NGOs, meaning these studies may not represent how people actually receive information from international actors. We focus on estimating the effect of cues from foreign leaders, which tend to be more salient, and consequently, more persuasive. Third, given the growing attention to autocrats’ efforts to reshape global politics by manipulating public opinion, it is important to assess how cues from non-democratic leaders affect foreign policy attitudes. Few studies explicitly analyze how endorsement from autocrats shift foreign policy views, focusing instead on endorsement from Western democracies or international organizations. By studying what influence autocratic leaders have on public opinion outside their borders, we are able to comment on the mechanism by which autocrats can manipulate political outcomes in democratic settings. Therefore, we also contribute to a growing literature on Russia’s international influence, particularly Putin’s ability to manipulate global public opinion. We test our hypotheses with cellphone RDD simple random samples collected in Albania, Kosovo and Serbia in winter 2017-2018. We yield several notable and unexpected findings. First, we show that while support for NATO is associated negatively with sympathy for Putin, feeling toward the US and EU have no effect. The relationship between conservative values and pro-Putin attitudes is mixed. Believing that anti-homosexuality predicts pro-Putin views in Albania but not in Serbia. Interestingly, pro-immigration attitudes are associated with a sympathy for Putin in Albania but have the opposite effect in Serbia. We emphasize the importance of not overemphasizing the relationship between individual-level variables and support for autocratic leaders since these associations can vary based on geopolitical context. Second, we find that endorsements from Vladimir Putin backfire - decreasing people’s belief that Trump presidency will be good for their countries. The backfire effect is strongest in Albania, demonstrating that geopolitical orientation is a prominent moderating factor. Moreover, we find that age and sex strongly influence whether people accept an endorsement from Putin. Older citizens and women tend to be the most likely to have less favorable views of Trump’s presidency if the president’s actions are endorsed by Putin. Contrary to the narrative of an (Un)holy Alliance between Russia and the far-right, individuals with conservative viewpoints are not more receptive to Putin’s influence. Finally, attitudes toward NATO, the EU, and the United States are also not strong moderating variables. We argue that the influence of autocratic voices in other countries may be overstated.

Spatial and inclusive planning after 1999 has faced many challenges as a result of the inadequate professional preparation of local institutions in Kosovo. Lack of knowledge of inclusive approaches, non-contemporary methodologies used in the spatial planning process, emergent periods for reconstruction, lack of professional capacity, lack of budget and lack of political interest were just some of the challenges that spatial planning has faced in Kosovo municipalities. Strategic and inclusive planning approaches are not well accepted by local staff; on the contrary, the transition from conventional planning to strategic and inclusive planning was difficult and not easily acceptable.

The Municipality of Peja as a pioneer in taking steps to move forward from the conventional planning process to the strategic one has successfully succeeded in drafting the spatial plans in line with the Kosovo spatial planning legal framework, but the success story has not been complete. It took even more time, commitment and budget to continue the processes up to the urban regulatory level.

Following the recommendations and activities from the approved spatial development plans has forced Peja Municipality to approach the implementation process. The challenging approach to treat informal settlements, based on local human capacity and successfully finalizing the processes has made decision makers in Peja to continue to support spatial planning towards sustainable development.

The process of taxing informal settlements by the process of issuing construction permits has had a positive impact on budget fulfillment which are then converted into capital investment projects, financed by the municipality or co-financed with various international programs. The partnership built between local institutions and the community has helped local government design social, economic and environmental community-based projects that have been supported by the community during the design process and during project implementation.

After the projects were finalized the welfare and quality of life of the families increased, a pro-active community was built, local institutions built transparency in spending the local budget. A triangle of partnership has been built between the community, the municipality and international organizations that have co-financed the projects and this example has had a positive impact on the development of other urban areas in Peja.

The authors objectively explore that how brand personality, brand personality appeal, and customer brand identification stimulate brand engagement by employing personality theory, congruity theory, and identity theory. The model was tested through Structural equation modeling with the data collected from 413 brand community members in India. Empirical analysis reveals that brand personality and brand personality appeal, together, creates a stronger brand engagement model. Customer brand identification partially mediates the relationship between brand personality and brand engagement as well as between brand personality appeal and brand engagement. Brand personality is necessary but not sufficient in generating higher levels of brand engagement and brand personality appeal is equally important for generating customer brand engagement. The study adds a new driver of customer brand engagement in the form of brand personality appeal. The mediation analysis highlights the role of customer brand identification to the existing relationship between brand personality and brand engagement. Apart from the focus of brand personalities, brand personality appeal should also be carefully moderated to have engaged customers. A sense of brand identification also needs to be maintained along with the brand personality and brand personality appeal. The study uniquely introduces the role of brand personality appeal in engagement domain. The enhanced predictive power displayed by the combination of brand personality and brand personality appeal remained underexplored to date.

A growing body of research suggests that parent-school partnership plays a crucial role in helping students achieve academic success. Moreover, research has demonstrated that collaboration between educational institutions, teacher and families can influence students’ social development in making them resilient citizens. However, despite evidence of the positive effects of family involvement, its potential is largely ignored in schools. Schools lack adequate strategies on how to involve parents, and parents do not always participate when they are encouraged to do so. This paper looks at this relationship in Kosovo study case and it investigates three major factors which affect effective school-parent partnership: a) the degree of compatibility between teachers and parent’s cultures and values, b) societal forces at work, on family and school, and c) how teachers and parents view their roles. Data collection of this study was collected in focus groups including teachers, school principals and parents in three different cities of Kosovo. Results indicated that although all parties have positive attitude towards parent’s engagement in school, they differ in how they perceive their roles in this relationship. Furthermore, results of this study imply that another major barrier in developing this partnership is the societal forces at work, in families and in school. The implications for future research and interventions are discussed.

A growing body of research suggests that parent-school partnership plays a crucial role in helping students achieve academic success. Moreover, research has demonstrated that collaboration between educational institutions, teacher and families can influence students’ social development in making them resilient citizens. However, despite evidence of the positive effects of family involvement, its potential is largely ignored in schools. Schools lack adequate strategies on how to involve parents, and parents do not always participate when they are encouraged to do so. This paper looks at this relationship in Kosovo study case and it investigates three major factors which affect effective school-parent partnership: a) the degree of compatibility between teachers and parent’s cultures and values, b) societal forces at work, on family and school, and c) how teachers and parents view their roles. Data collection of this study was collected in focus groups including teachers, school principals and parents in three different cities of Kosovo. Results indicated that although all parties have positive attitude towards parent’s engagement in school, they differ in how they perceive their roles in this relationship. Furthermore, results of this study imply that another major barrier in developing this partnership is the societal forces at work, in families and in school. The implications for future research and interventions are discussed.

It is proved that the Screening of Cervix for neoplasia has decreased the incidence and mortality from the Cancer of Cervix and has raised the scale of healing from the Cervical Cancer. Prevention of the Cervical Cancer throughout Southeastern Europe is barely documented, despite the fact that the Countries of this region are the most affected places in Europe by the Cervical Cancer.

It is estimated that the number of cases with Cervical Cancer and the number of deaths from this malignity in 11 States of Southeastern Europe during the period from 2002-2004 has been around 9000 women affected from the Cervical Cancer and around 4600 deaths from this illness.

Based on the incidence of the surrounding countries, the incidence in Kosova might be 7.8 to 10.1. 2 The standard ways of Screening and Diagnosing are Citology, Colposcopy, Biopsy and Histological confirmation of intraepithelial cervical neoplasia. The “see and do” approach may be applied as an alternative method, during which the decision for treatment is based on the Screening Test and treatment according to the positive test result. The available screening tests include: Testing for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Visual Inspection via Acetic Acid (VIA) and Citology (Pap Test). Possible Treatments are: Cryotherapy, Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) and Conisation. This guideline offers the recommendations for Screening and Treatment of intraepithelial cervical neoplasia . It is adapted from the existing guidelines of WHO and NCCN, NHS and USPTF.

Methodology Group for the Guideline Adaptation has been appointed by the decision of the Ministry of Health, Republic of Kosova.

Goal and Focus According to the Definition of intraepithelial cervical neoplasia (CIN), intraehelial cervical neoplasia ( CIN), is a premalignant lesion, which can be developed in one of these stages: CIN1, CIN2 or CIN3. If untreated, CIN2 and CIN3 may progress into a Cervical Cancer.

Target Population Guideline recommends applying the Screening from the age 21 (when the Screening should begin) until the age 65.

Dedication of Guideline Guideline is dedicated to the policy-makers, managers of medical institutions and medical professionals who have responsibility to apply the prevention programme of the Cervical Cancer on the Republican and Municipal level.

In the future, from this guideline should be drawn Clinical Protocols for the respective diseases. Key words for literature research: ‘Clinical Guideline’, ‘Clinical Protocol’, ‘Cervical Cancer’,

‘intraepithelial neoplasia‘

Recommendation

Based on the above Guideline, women suffer and die from the Cervical Cancer, hence it is of a particular importance that on the level of UBT to be charted a leaflet which is dedicated to the women, so that they may have the peace of mind knowing that they are able to protect themselves from the Cervical Cancer.

Women of every group-age will understand that:

- Cervical Cancer is a scary disease, but it is one of a few types of cancer that can be prevented.

- What is Cervical Cancer

- When the PAP test should be taken

- Which group-age should check for the HPV virus (Humam Papilloma Virus)

- Which is the connection between the virus HPV and the Cervical Cancer

- How the human gets infected with this virus

- Does it mean that every woman that is infected by this virus will get Cervical Cancer

- Does a simple PAP test detect the HPV virus

- What does the PAP test observe

- What does the HPV test observe

- In which age the women should do the PAP test

- In which age should they do the testing for HPV

- Will Insurance pay for the HPV test

- What do the patients who are suffering or who have suffered from the Cervical Cancer say I strongly believe that the short explanations on these key points about the Cervical Cancer will be an undisputed contribution which will positively influence the consciousness of population. It is not enough to inform professionals and policy-makers alone, but the population,especially the women, who will enjoy the life instead of suffering, must be informed too. For making this leaflet, Faculty of Nursery, respectively the UBT will give an important contribution not only in education of nurses in the Bachelor studies, but also in the education of the population.

This study attempts to highlight the great importance of developing Semantic Web as one of the best discovery of better data management and presentation within the WWW. Since the W3C's was discovered, initially providing classic web content as web 1.0 that had link / hyperlink of document`s location, then web 2.0 as web-applications have more advanced technologies to connect data, and finally semantic web as extension of web 3.0 also known as Linked Data. The results show that in addition to the rapid development of the Semantic Web, the demand to use its features by data publishers and data readers is rapidly expanding due to the time saving to publish multiple times the same data on other web pages.

Moreover, we will present the features of the Semantic Web, its technologies, development history, advantages and weaknesses, the potential benefits, and so on, including standards, frameworks, and programming languages that are being used in its development like: RDF (Resource Description Framework), XML etc.

The paper deals with the similar and different musical elements related to microtones of oriental and Albanian cultures.

The subject in question relates to the microtonal system which has been and is part of oriental culture. Microtones, maqams, oriental scales as well as European ones are discussed and compared.

Nowadays various businesses are achieving amazing results being advertised via social media marketing. Social media marketing is fast, simple and represents a different way to socialize the business with it’s stakeholders. Because social media is driven by consumers and in this area is currently experiencing growth, enterprises are more exposed to the market and have their advantages to promote their products. Moreover, enterprises are considered as the main driver for innovation, employment and social and local integration so it is necessary for them to create the best environment possible for their consumers and to have a strategic online presence.

This paper aims to analyse the relation between social media marketing and bussines enteprises in European Union. Hence, it presents the association between conceptual framework and statistical analysis regarding the EU enterprises in relation to social media marketing field and its channels (e-mail, social networks, blogs, etc.). How this type of marketing has affected and improved their business and in what form it is expected to affect in the future.

The methodology used in this paper is based on secondary data analysis and comparative analysis. Although the data available in relation to the subject matter are limited the research of this paper will analyze the use of social media marketing from various enterprises in the European Union between 2013 and 2017, based on EUROSTAT reports.

The results idicate that Business Enterprises in European Union countries (EU-28) between year 2013 and 2017 have increased the use of social media for their marketing activities from 22% to 40%. Compared to other media categories social media such as: social networks, multimedia websites; Blogs or microblogs; dominate the most. In order to connect with their consumers, social networks were used by nearly 50% bussines enterprises of total 28 European Union countries.

Writing is a demanding process across every curriculum and as an integrated process within the school can be a great challenge for students with typical development but also with those who encounter specific learning difficulties, so finding effective ways to manage it can be a key for every student to succeed. Students in Kosovo struggle with writing in English and it seems like a great challenge to improve for all of those who have specific learning difficulties. Based on this fact, there are many quality methods on teaching children to write, as writing should be completed daily in a predictable method that asks students to create and revise their work. As of this statement, there might be lots of reasons why students have difficulties in writing, one of them can be the most obvious one that they have never been taught how to write in English or they might have never had a strategy that would help them accomplish the writing tasks as most of the time the writing skills were developed by learning parts of speech, various types of sentences or how to diagram sentences. Another reason could be that the teachers are more focused on developing creative and self-expression skills. This paper outlines the difficulties that students have in writing in ESL, steps of the writing process and the strategies teachers can use to assist students with learning difficulties, so there is no one left behind

Construction projects are omnipresent in Prishtina. It’s difficult to walk in the city for more than a few minutes without passing new, modern apartment blocks or construction sites with

billboards promising luxurious living spaces to come. Architecture, during all the greatest creative periods, has been the mother of all arts — it has been a social art. In the historical golden ages, architects were “headmasters” who played the main role in the entire production process. However, in the transition from the age of craftsmanship to the industrial age, architects have lost their position of governance. Today, architects are not the “headmasters,” but are instead in danger of losing their position to engineers, scientists and constructors if they don’t change their approach and focus on the new situation. The architects of the future will need to express the spiritual as well as material needs of human life through their work. They will need to act as coordinators and organizers of an extensive experience, starting from the social concepts of life and the successful integration of thought and feeling, by bringing purpose and form into spatial harmony.

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the structural investigations performed on the existing municipal building of Gjakova, intended to be refurbished as part of the Refurbishment project by the European Commission. The municipal building of Gjakova built in the end of 1960s is a reinforced concrete structure with bearing masonry walls which are scattered without any logical pattern. This structural system poses a great challange for the seismic assessment of this building. In order to obtain the confidence factors and the mechanical parameters for the appropriate numerical modeling, a series of structural investigations is carried out in detail. Initially a visual inspection is conducted, and a photographic survey is carried out with a detailed marking of each picture to visualize the building and plan the detailed inspection. The detailed plan is drafted in compliance with the gathered information and the existing documentation, so that maximal information concerned with the structure is acquired with the most minimal interferring. The detailed scrutiny is carried out in a series of frequent site visits and through the help of the measurement techniques a precise geometry is formed which supports the following phases. To obtain the correct mechanical parameters with very few damages to the structural elements a combination of destructive and non-destructive methods is utilized. Reinforced concrete core samples and reinforcement samples are drilled from the structural elements and combined with the rebound hammer measurements, a correlation is formed between these two. The reinforcement is located with the help of the profoscope and a discrepancy between the old drawings and the actual structure is noted. Afterwards, a spreadout testing utilizing the rebound hammer and the profoscope is carried out to achieve the required number of measurements. A compilation of all this information is utilized to assess the structural integrity of the structure and obtain the mechanical parameters. A qualitative measurement is performed for the structural arrangement of the elements and the regularity parameters are assessed as per the Eurocode 8 demands. With the data obtained from the measurements and the testing, reliable mechanical parameters and confidence factors are achieved to form a numerical model which represents appropriately the real building.

Cement manufacturing is one of the leading energy consuming and heavy pollutant processes which is accountable for CO2, NOX, SO2 emissions and some heavy metal discharge from the pre-calciner kiln system. In past few decades there has been an enormous amount of researches to reduce the energy and environmental cost by using alternative fuel and raw material. In recent years utilization of alternative fuels in cement manufacturing has gained a wide attention due to its effectiveness in substituting the thermal energy requirement from fossil fuels and reducing the pollutant emission. Alkaline environment, high temperature and long residence time allow rotary kiln to burn a wide range of waste and hazardous material. Recent development on the usage of alternative fuels in cement industry is presented in this paper and many of the research articles relevant to this study is reviewed and discussed. Studies on the impact of alternative fuels on environmental emission have also been included in this review. This paper provides a thorough understanding and status of alternative fuels and their usage in cement industry and highlights their positive impact on environment. This study offers a guideline for planning and implementing alternative fuel usage in cement industry around the world, particularly in Australia. The paper revealed that meat and bone meal (MBM) could be the best alternative fuel option with a substitution rate of 40%.

This is a survey study that determines the Albanian teachers' attitudes toward multicultural education and the participants of the study were 50 teachers who are teaching different subjects in various grades and schools in region of Ferizaj. The data for this study was collected through a 5-point Likert scale called "Teachers' Multicultural Attitude Scale". According to findings, it is determined that teachers have positive attitudes towards multicultural education. Their attitudes differ in a statistically significant way according to their gender, age, and professional seniority. Art and Sports teachers were found to have more positive attitudes than class teachers, but history teachers had the lowest attitude. Based on the findings, it can be suggested to develop, alter teaching methods and programs according to multicultural education and teachers with more positive attitude towards multicultural education can be the leading force in training other teachers.

Online journalism not only today and now, as well as in the future, professional challenges, ethical, technical challenges and also time challenges. Online journalism has democratized and advanced the media in general, made it easier to obtain information, made it faster to publish information, faster access to read news, and so on. However, Online Journalism has also caused an "earthquake" in doing daily journalism, deriving lots of amateur mistakes. So the more accessible and practical the internet journalism is, It has become more dangerous for the public and with various, unethical and unprofessional blows. However, the main challenge of Online Journalism remains the verification of information, which should have been the main criteria, before portals publish anything and post on their websites. Failure to verify information brings many consequences, since we automatically enter the media range that publish false news that in media services are creating such a big mess. Accuracy and verification of information are the basis of good journalism, without excluding the practice of strong ethical principles. Among the challenges of online journalism is the battle against fake news, known globally as "Fake News". Fake news, usually appear just before the events of great interest or in the verge of happening. That is, because the media use the curiosity of the mass for making different benefits Most of all, the victims of fake news are uninformed citizens, usually of low education, with lack of social, psychological and economic stability.

Urban land use plan is a spatial planning document that defines how certain an urban land area will be developed in the future. In other words, it determines whether a certain land parcel is going to be used for building public infrastructure, public parks, the areas for public facilities, residential or commercial uses etc. One such document in Kosovo's current spatial planning legislation is the Urban Regulatory Plan (URP) which sets out in detail the manner of land use in the area covered by the plan.

A rational use of land often requires changes in land structure that can be made only if adequate urban development instruments and methods are adapted to suit the socio-economic conditions of the country, its government and the land tenure system. These instruments must have adequate legal support that is often needed to break the barriers that are imposed by individual landowners' interests supported by advanced private property rights.

This paper aims to highlight the importance of the link between the land use planning, land structure and instruments or methods applied to urban land development in Kosovo. In order to emphasize the importance of links between these elements to urban planning process in Kosovo there have been taken examples of Urban Regulatory Plans in various municipalities of Kosovo. These urban plans have been analyzed in various aspects such as the approval procedures, the legal support and the instruments used to implement them. Furthermore, there was developed a questionnaire with urban planners in the 7 main municipalities of Kosovo. The purpose of this questionnaire was to obtain their opinion on the state of implementation of urban plans and the needs for changes in the urban planning and management system in Kosovo that would help more efficient implementation of urban plans.

Results from the study show that there is a strong connection between these three components. In other words, in order to use the land rationally, it is important to choose the instruments and methods for adapting the land structure to the land use plan. This is especially important in cases where the land is very fragmented and where the property rights represent a barrier to plan implementation as it is the case in Kosovo.

Despite ever accelerating workplace changes, including rapidly expanding technological access and fast improving information and communication systems, Kosovo still lack of national research program, and thereby also lack of research in Higher Education Systems. Currently in the national level, Kosovo spends only 0.1% of GDP on research. The Kosovo education system is not fully developed to provide a high quality research-based education, including in Information and Communication Technology. This paper stems from an EU funded project which aims to develop and implement a non-existing National PhD School in ICT, in Kosovo, as a solution for the identified problems and its root causes. These problems are to a high degree related to lack of adequate infrastructure and human capacities. The project is run in collaboration with 7 consortia partner and is coordinated by Linnaeus University, Sweden. This country is listed by the World Bank as the second worldwide leading country in terms of research related to GDP, i.e., 3.26 % of Swedish GDP. Further, according to OECD Sweden is one of the leaders in terms of R&D. By using the model of Sweden, adapted to the Kosovo context, this project will contribute to increasing the research infrastructure of Kosovo and the level of academic human capacities. In the long run the project results will contribute to policies which increase government investments in research.

This article will present some of the basic characteristics of the educational system that was ran at the Bauhaus Faculty and Black Mountain College. Information that are not so well known, will be presented. Four basic principles of teaching will be covered: learning from the community, the change in the naming of student/professor, freedom of the students and experimentation. In the first chapter called “Industry and Guilds”, the separation that took place between the industrial principle and the guild principle, which was almost totally forgotten in the later phases of Bauhaus, will be presented. Bauhaus was firstly obliged to the guild principle when Walter Gropius wrote the manifesto for the faculty. This has shown also in the naming, which was used for the faculty. The second moment that we can see this principle is life in a community. The second chapter “Theory and Theoreticians” shows the theoretical influence of Bauhaus on Herbert Read and the influence of John Dewey on Black Mountain College. In the centre of this chapter is the idea of freedom and experimentation.

It was many years after Industrial Revolution that the threat child labor and working under inhumanitarian conditions poses as physical burden to laborers and the severity of the fact that they had to work for many hours under such ardous conditions were realized. However, as industry developed and the concept of being a laborer evolved into a task that requires emotional assets of laborers other than physical burden as well, the “emotional labor” of workers was started to be investigated as a concept. First brought up by American sociologist Arlie Hochschild in 1979 in her book “The Managed Heart” that discusses commercialization of human feelings, emotional labor was investigated on many concepts like gender, age, education status, and work sectors as the years passed. Emotional labor was defined as “white collar workers’ control of their emotions and them exhibiting the emotions their business owners demand for consumer satisfaction and positive relationships” between white collar workers and shareholders.

This study empirically investigated the role of accepting external influence, a factor of authenticity, on emotional labor among the white collar workers in Turkey. As service-oriented total quality management applications requires constant communication with colleagues, customers, suppliers, competitors, stakeholders, white collar workers are the ones that are being required to perform emotional labor and being exposed to face their authentic selves via accepting external influence or not. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of accepting external influence on emotional labor. Data was collected via Hospitality Emotional Labor Scale (HELS) developed by Chu and Murmann (2006), and The Authenticity Scale developed by Wood et. al. (2008). There are 201 participants, 126 were female and 75 were male who work in a variety of industries in Turkey. Analysis was conducted by the SPSS program.

The aim of this paper was to analyze the economic efficiency of beef farms in Kosovo and Albania. It’s a descriptive and quantitative survey and the random sampling technique was used to select the respondents, in Kosovo 35 farms, managing mainly Simmental breed; and in Albania 19 farms, mainly Holstein and beef breeds crossbred. Two methods of data analysis were used, namely: descriptive statistics, and gross margin analysis. Data on: meat production, farm expenses and returns, fodder production, and feed bought in the market for each farm were recorded during the first half of 2016. In Kosovo, the Gross Margin per Calf is 230.13 Euro, the price of meat sold 2.32 Euro/kg and the slaughtered weight 517,88 Kg; while in Albania these figures are 173.10 Euro, 2.6 Euro/kg and 277.89, respectively. It is a must that extension service to train the farmers for better: management of their farm, feeding system, fodder production, animal health etc.

This paper examines the impact of human capital on technology-intensive exports from 27 European countries, with special reference to transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe. The empirical investigation makes use of various human capital and technology-intensive export measures which allows the drawing of more comprehensive inference. To assess the robustness of the results, a diversified modelling strategy is employed. The empirical assessment provides sufficient evidence to support the hypothesized positive link between the share of population who have attained tertiary education and the share of medium and high-technology exports for the full sample of countries, the effect being relatively stronger for the high-technology category. When transition and non-transition economies are assessed separately, the empirical evidence is mixed. The findings from the export sophistication analysis appear to support the importance of the share of population with tertiary education for the export sophistication of non-transition economies only. Some supporting evidence is also found for the positive role of the quality of education.

Advanced Operations Management (AOM) is dealing with ever greatest complexity, which in order to function requires increased flexibility and high working speed of production systems and processes. The integration of information technology is comprehended by the development and use of cyber-physical systems, which actually are the enablers of well-known "Industry 4.0”. The ongoing discussions about the "digital revolution" and "competitive disruptive advantages" have led to the creation of such a business vision named "Industry 4.0." However, the concept of Industry 4.0 and its impact on business operations is producing many challenges. This research addresses and examines the consequences and potentials of Industry 4.0 on advanced business transformation processes. Industry 4.0 consists of the functional integration of Cyber-Physical Systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Data Science (data security) to provide the potential for the functioning of new technologies such as the Internet of Things and vice-versa. The research exploits qualitative and quantitative approaches to data collection and analysis based on literature and on the case studies. The involvement of this research is focused on the identification and analyses of needs, problems, and benefits related to the implementation of Industry 4.0 on business operations.

From all that has been treated, we consider that we have made a valuable contribution to the question of the use of indefinite Pronouns, which very recently in many grammars were also referred to as Unlimited Pronouns. In the scope of morphology however, this treatment will take a meritorious place to extract during the class, examples with underlined sentences to fulfill the new requirements for indefinite pronouns by this incomparable author of our literature. Otherwise, in the syntactic scope, most of the indefinite pronouns can be used in various functions such as: subject, object, and different circumstantial. When associated with nouns they are used as determinants: As a subject: “askush nuk u përgjigj”. As a direct object: “Nuk tha asgjë”. As an indirect object: “Askujt nuk i pëlqeu mendimi yt”. As circumstantial: ”E kam parë te dikush këtë djalë”. It is therefore worth adding that in speaking and writing in today's Albanian literary language we encounter some writing errors in the field of pronouns in general, also those of indefinite pronouns in particular, which we will address, as follows: writing is done by, writing letter ë sometimes and sometimes without it at the end or somewhere between them, and sometimes in separate and in joined form. With the letter ë in the end are written these indefinite Pronouns: “gjithë, shumë, tërë, mbarë, gjë, një, asnjë, njëfarë, whereas without the ending letter ë these pronouns are written: “tjetër-tjetri, plot, aq, kaq, mjaft, pak, diç”.

Human rights and fundamental freedoms are indivisible, inalienable and inviolable and lie at the heart of the entire legal order. The law stipulates rules that ensure that no innocent person is convicted, and that the offender be sanctioned under the conditions provided by the Criminal Code and on the basis of the procedure conducted under the Criminal Procedure Code.

Everyone has the right to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his or her rights and obligations and in the determination of any criminal charge.

No one can be charged or found guilty of a criminal offense which was not considered lawful at the time of its commission, expect for offenses which at the time of their commission constituted war crimes or crimes against humanity, according to international law.

Everyone charged with a penal offense has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law and a public trial in which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defense.

Everyone has the right to a remedy competent national tribunal for acts violating the fundamental rights guaranteed by the constitution or the law.

Milk, in addition to providing chemical, physical, organoleptic and microbiological quality, must be free of prohibited substances, including antibiotics. The study was conducted on several Kosovo farms, including 36 fresh milk samples for the purpose of investigating the presence of Beta-lactams, specifically Ampicillin in milk. The presence of Beta-lactam (Ampicillin) was determined in the laboratory of the Food and Veterinary Agency using the ELISA Test Kit. Analysis of 36 milk samples showed that 31 samples or 86% had no presence of Ampicillin while 5 samples or 14% resulted in presence of Ampicillin. Although 14% of the samples proved positive, however, the ampicillin levels were not higher than 4 ug / kg which represents the maximum level permitted, which indicates that although samples that resulted positive in the presence of ampicillin, however their amount was within the allowed legal norms that regulate this issue. Abstract. Milk, in addition to providing chemical, physical, organoleptic and

The amount of somatic cells decreases the quality of milk and have an economic impact because in Kosovo the price of milk depends on the amount of somatic cells. The study was conducted on dairy farms in Prishtina region in period of the 6 months of 2019, including 1525 samples of fresh milk from average 254 farms per month. Detection of somatic cells was performed by Fossomatic ™ Minor, which works according to the Flouro Optico Electronic Method. From the analyzes obtained, the amount of somatic cells in milk samples categorized in the extra and first category was 54% while in the second and third category it was 46%. Reduction of extra category samples from 53.60% to 38.38% during June and reduction of third category from 50.15% to 36.8% in January indicates the influence temperature on the development of microorganisms in mammary gland and increasing the amount of somatic cells.

Formation of complexes between protein and polyphenols in beer is the reason for haze formation. By decreasing the content of protein or the content of polyphenols or both of them is possible to decrease the possibility of haze in beer and can reduce the size of molecules and polyphenols. The stability of beer is determined by the methods of forcing Test (0/60). At the same time there are checked the basic parameters of beer such as: alcohol, extract, acidity, foam, turbidity, color and pH value. High level of beer stability are shown by combined treatment of PVPP and silica gel. Depending of desired shelf life on colloidal haze there is possible to use different combinations for beer treatment with PVPP and silica gel.

Antibiotics are substances that can destroy the bacteria (bactericidal effect) or inhibit their growth and development (bacteriostatic effect). They are of natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic origin. Antibiotics are a good choice for curing bacterial infections, but they do not affect viruses and fungi. Antibiotics were initially used only in hospitals for the treatment of dangerous diseases such as tuberculosis, lung inflammation and meningitis..

Aim: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the knowledge of citizens in Kosovo cities (Ferizaj / Uro Kaevac, Kacanica) on the use of antibiotics with or without criteria, knowledge of their preferred types and the associated side effects. Many antibiotics are circulating in Kosovo and the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the access of citizens (Population and patients to Family Medicine Centers in Ferizaj, Kacanica) to the information on antibiotic intake, which types of antibiotics are most prescribed, preferred by the patients themselves, have they always received a doctor's prescription, have they consulted a pharmacist, knowledge of the side effects.

Material and Methods: We studied and interviewed 280 citizens (among them patients from Family Medical Centers and General Hospital in Ferizaj).

180 respondents were from Ferizaj and 100 citizens from Kacanik

The information was obtained with the assistance of the students of the Faculty of Nursing on campus in Ferizaj in the form of a questionnaire.

Results and discussion: 280 sex-disaggregated citizens participated in the study, 165 males or 58.9%, and 115 females or 41%. The age group for the study was 20-60 years old males and 25-60 years old females

71.5% of respondents did not have sufficient knowledge about antibiotic use, such as differences in doses, names, manufacturers, and prescription antibiotics without a prescription: Ampicillin and Cefallex whereas 28.5% of respondents had good knowledge of antibiotics. Antibiotics starting from their role and importance to the body, the doses allowed and prescribed by medical professionals, the time when antibiotics should be used. The most prescribed and prescribed antibiotics by patients in the town of Ferizaj / Uroizevac were: Caps: Amoxicillin 500 mg, 250 mg, Ciprofloxacin in doses of 500 and 750 mg, Tab. Ospen 1000 mg and 1500 mg. While in the city of Kacanik the antibiotics prescribed were: Caps. Ampicilina 500 mg, Tab. Amoxiclav 625 mg and 1000 mg Cefexime 500 mg

The time intervals for taking antibiotics were not respected, ie 53.5% did not receive antibiotics within 24 hours, 30% consumed the antibiotic as prescribed by the physician, and 16.5% consumed the therapy. with an antibiotic, only the first day and discontinued.

Poet Amiri Baraka remembering race and class riots in Newark in 1967 wrote: “the spirit and feeling of the moment a rebellion breaks out is almost indescribable. Everything seems to be in zoom motion, crashing towards some explosive manifestation. As Lenin said, time is speeded up, what takes years is done in days, in real revolution. In rebellion life goes to 156 rpm and the song is the police siren accompanying people's breathless shouts and laughter.” (Amiri Baraka, The Autobiography of Leroi Jones, 1984, p. 259-260). Baraka goes on to describe this moment not only as political novelty, which shattered his conceptualisation of black identity (“black hurricane”), but also as something which transformed this very identity through political contradictions that have had unforeseen and different heuristic forms (“a higher stage that can only be brought about by fire”). My aim is to reflect on this moment of transformation which Baraka has described as “going through fire” with philosophical conceptualisations of temporality borrowed from Walter Benjamin, especially through his historical-materialist concept of “state of emergency.” The state of emergency, or now-time (“the time of fire”) as temporality loaded with contradictions is, as Peter Osborne has put “a mode of interruption (refiguration) of the narrative continuity of its everyday form” (Peter Osborne, The Politics of Time, 1994, p. 156). This conceptualisation will allow me, following writings of John Roberts, to discuss the intersection of singular temporalities of revolutions and art works, as interruptions of everyday life forms: “from 1917 the 'everyday life' is subject to an extraordinary theoretical elaboration and scrutiny that largely shapes the content of the concept through the twentieth century” (John Roberts, Philosophizing the Everyday, 2006, p. 20). It is largely accepted that the temporal singularity of 1917 revolution was condition also of avant-garde artistic “refigurations”. In the first part of my paper I want to discuss the philosophical and theoretical conditions of distinctiveness of the revolutionary temporality and its conjunction with the artistic experimental forms. Particularly I will refer to moments of decolonization and race riots and their theoreticians such as Frantz Fanon, Ambalavaner Sivanandan, Amilcal Cabral, Paul Gilroy, Stuart Hall and Amiri Baraka.

The second part of my paper will discuss how the temporal singularity of revolutions and riots takes shape as an art form. Amiri Baraka, after claiming the massive and transforming experience of Newark riots, states that it was a moment un-representable in any possible art form (“a scale no musician could plumb”). But he adds that in Newark riots he has understood what John Coltrane and Albert Ayler's noises and blows really meant. Free Jazz (or Fire Jazz) for Amiri Baraka is something that offered a completely new grammar, expression and conceptualisation of non-ideological political articulation (as he discussed with terms of horizontal egalitarian articulation against vertical class society machine). My aim is to discuss the Free Jazz noise exactly from the point of this articulation as something indispensably emancipated from everyday life temporalities. In order to do this I will extensively use writings of Amiri Baraka/Leroi Jones on jazz, particularly his Blues People and Black Music books (especially former which is crucial in understanding many appropriations of black radical thought, as for example in Jean-Luc Godard's film One Plus One/Symphathy for Devil), which depart from the thesis that political articulation of Free Jazz is possible because inherent temporal form that it carries is open to a radical futurity. Similarly Jacques Attali in his seminal book Noise: Political Economy of Music articulates noise as political intelligibility as radical futurity, and so does Kodwo Eshun in More Brillian than the Sun, which is study of “afro diasporic futurism” through the experimental sound of Alice Coltrane. In these theoretical elaborations the noise and Free Jazz (something which Attali is keen on) is not discussed as a representation of politics; but more as production of new political articulation which is based on artistic intelligibility and is a result of formal innovation and openness. Another instance to discuss this position would be Guy Debord's writings and films dealing with “times of riots”, most notably Critique of Separation and Society of Spectacle. What is stunning is that Debord's conceptualisation of riots as novel political articulation is based on his analysis (Decline and Fall of the Spectacle-Commodity) of 1965 race riots in Watts, Los Angeles, which was also a turning point for Amiri Baraka. His films are proof of this conceptualisation, which recently Jason E. Smith described as conflict between “empty time of everyday life and fleeting intensity of the riot.” (Jason E. Smith, Missed Encounters, Grey Room No.62, 2013, p. 77).

As a conclusion I will refer to a recent race riots in the suburbs of Stockholm and an art-project (paper-film) that I co-authored with Minna L. Henriksson, which conceptualise these riots through the heurism of noise and temporality of singular refigurations.

When thinking about data usage and how to manage it, the first thing that comes to our mind is developing a software application to help us on this matter. This thinking is usually followed by other thoughts on other topics such as software architecture and data storage. The most common architecture that was used for a long time is the classic one: The Monolithic Architecture. Although Monolithic Architecture supports storing data on various data storages, with relational model being the most common data model, usually only one data storage is used per application. In most cases the performance of an application also depends on the structure of the data, and the database this data is stored in. If an application needs to manage different data structures then it is very useful if it could persist data to various data storages in an easy way. Another software architectural style that organizes an application as a set of (micro)services where each one is organized around its own independent business logic is Microservices Architecture. In Microservices Architecture every service can use its own data storage, allowing that the application persist data to various data storages. In this paper we will analyze the use of Microservices Architecture towards polyglot persistence, which is an application persisting data in various data storages.

The juvenile delinquency issue is also regulated by the Kosovo legislation, respectively with the Juvenile Justice Code. This Code, also addresses the issue of adjudication of young adults. To these category, a special and more favorable status is been recognized comparing to the older persons in criminal procedure conducted against them, because of their different personality features and their different reaction in specific situations.

The possibility to pronounce soft sanctions on the young adults is also well covered by other social sciences such as criminology, psychology, criminal law, criminal procedure law and it is claimed that the purpose of criminal sanctions in some of these cases will be better achieved with measures and lighter penalties. The real reason to analyze this topic lies in the fact that this category (major young persons, 18 to 21 years) is a more specific category, regulated by the JJC, but taking into account the criminal offenses and the nature of their commission, with perpetrators 18 to 21 years, there is already an attitude from the Supreme Court of Kosovo that in certain cases when it comes to particularly serious criminal offenses, the provisions of the Criminal Code of Kosovo should be pronounced rather than the measures and penalties for juveniles as provided by the Code of Juvenile Justice.

In this paper, will be analyzed the juvenile delinquency, legal framework of the Republic of Kosovo, with particular emphasis on the category of young adults and sanctions against them, and at the end of this paper, giving the conclusions.

The city of Tirana is experiencing rapid and continuous growth, leading to an intensive expansion and density, consequently a multidimensional transformation of urban spaces. Which leads to greater living pressure and creates a dynamism in the urban environment. The central area is usually associated mainly with these changes due to the different types of function and use they provide. This paper aims are to investigate the urban space morphology of Tirana City by analyzing surfaces cover and functionality transformation. Using spatial data for land use changes and examine the impact of socio-economic factors. Furthermore, the rapid processes have neglected the need for comparability of data for real information relating to the transformation of urban spaces, but with considerable importance for the authorities during the planning and management of services. This requires monitoring and evaluation, based on their measurable capacity and compare the changes to adapt positively and move to sustainability.

In this study we investigate how cost efficiency and risk affects market share in European banking industry. In contrast to other studies, we have included risk as determinant of market share. The results revealed that risk and efficiency are positively correlated with market share of assets, loans and deposits. Moreover, we found that banks in transition countries gains less market share as a result of being more efficient than banks in European developed countries. The model was estimated by using the system GMM model in order to account for dynamics and to avoid the endogeneity problem. We have used annual data for 36 European countries’ banks for the years 2007–2015.

Modern analytical methodologies play an essential role regarding the quality evaluation of complex components, such as biologicals, where their implementation turned out to be crucial to assure their quality, safety, and efficacy. Glycoprotein hormones possess a highly complex structure and the study of their quality requires advanced analytical methodologies. Therefore, the aim of this study was the evaluation of suitable analytical methods for the quality study of such complex compounds. In order to satisfy the aim, 1D-SDS-PAGE and 2D gel electrophoresis in conjunction with mass spectrometry-based analyses were implemented. Gel electrophoretic techniques revealed the pI, Mr and glycoforms pattern, while MS analyses shed light upon the identity, structural integrity and glycosylation extent. The results demonstrated high complexity and extreme heterogeneity, typical for glycoproteins. Mass spectrometry provided information regarding structural identity parameters and glycosylation model. This methodology proved to be capable for the determination of purity and structural integrity of such complex compounds, although further investigations are required to fully understand glycosylation pattern since it has a significant effect on the pharmacokinetics and their biological activity.

The purpose of this paper is to determine infections at two different clinics, the intensive unit of the infectious clinic and the intensive care MIQ, based on the variability of CRPs (reactive protein C) and PTCs (procalcitonin) in patients with suspected intrahospital infections. There were also changes in these parameters based on the gender of patients admitted to the two clinics, as well as these compared with the control group who were healthy patients. During this study 136 patients were examined in total 27 patients from intensive care unit of infectious clinic and 109 patients from central intensive care unit in UCCK in Prishtina. By gender 63 cases or 46% were ill females while 73 cases or 54% were males. In the control group 63 cases were 61% female while 53 cases or 39% were male. The parameters determined are CRP and PCT. The assays were worked in the Biochemistry Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory at UCCK. In our cases CRP and PCT resulted in a significantly higher proportion of hospitalized patients than the control group, meaning patients other than primary illnesses were also with bacterial infections, the results being of high statistical reliability demonstrating conclusive risk of hospitalized patients for secondary diseases. Based on the results presented, the level of infection marker CRP in the central intensive care unit was higher than in the intensive unit of the infective clinic, thus the possibility of central intensive care unit patients for infections is higher than in the infective clinic. It is worth noting that with low CRP reliability, values were slightly higher in males than females.

Russian foreign policy has two main breaking points. Two important cases in the international system have altered its foreign policy fundamentally. First one is NATO’s military intervention in Kosovo and the second one is the 2014 Ukraine crisis. These two breaking points made Russian foreign policy more aggressive in its relations with neighbours and in its attitude towards the international norms. NATO’s military interventions in ex-Yugoslavian countries but also interference of the Western countries in Ukraine crisis undermined Russian attempts to position itself as a great power in the international system. This paper will provide an in-depth analysis on how Russian military doctrines, its leaders declarations but also its relations with Western countries have changed after NATO’s intervention in Kosovo and the crisis in Ukraine. The paper argues that the interventions of the Western countries in the area, that was in the past considered within Russia's "natural borders", has changed Russian foreign policy and its position in the international system.

Psychology is the science of cognition and behavior in its broad concept. As a process of recognizing human behavior, it provides a recommending perspective on education as an essential process in the development of society. You "can't approach it with too much confidence in yourself and stubbornly." (Adler. A. 2010: 3). One who deals with the science of psychology must be dominated by the degree of simplicity, "a complex, difficult process, but one that delivers particular pleasure" (Musai, B. 1999: 5), since the understanding of human nature is in size immense. Its mission is noble and spiritual. Recommendations for institutional commitment to the improvement of scientific study methodology in the education system, towards the acceptance of psycho-pedagogical methods, on elements that stimulate the process of cognition and development, on experimental forms and methods of learning, test results, semi-structured interviews , structured ones in all the forms and possibilities that can be achieved, all of these provide conclusions with a significant social-psychological impact on teachers and students, who are today exposed to the enormous educational machinery of yet undefined forces.This topic is very prevalent in today's academic environments, yet education is a severe degradation not only nationally but also globally in the desire for education. The road necessarily passes through appropriate and profound institutional reforms and up-to-date standards. “The essence of the reform and restructuring of the Albanian school is in our own school. It was created at a time when society denied the previous era. The mechanical adaptation of ready-made models and clichés from world educational experience is not, and cannot be, successful. Their imitation will always have the Albanian coefficient ”. (Dhamo, M. 1997: 6)The best teachers for students are not those who know more, but those who, with their skills, know how to control the collective psyche of children and students in the classroom.Here is the issue in which psychology takes precedence in education. In modern times, the needs put forward seem to have imposed on psychology the change of its object, from the soul (psycho¬), to the essential elements of human behavior. "In modern times it has become very difficult for people to appear in societies with personal behaviors and socially 'disciplined' social shells to the very last instance." (Tushi, G. 2017: 32). Recognition, profound psychological appropriation of tradition, culture and behavioral and spiritual socialization place the necessity of finding a psycho-pedagogical solution in favor of proper education for the society of the country to which it belongs and Wider.

The quality of irrigation water is assessed in the main water sources of Peja-Istog area, Kosovo. Thirty-two water samples were collected in the sampling points during the peak dry season (2015). Sixteen of these samples were collected in July, whereas the rest were collected in August from the same sampling points. The content of the samples have been analyzed. The classification used to assess the suitability of irrigation water for various qualities are FAO and USSL classification criteria. An additional evaluation for the suitability of irrigation water was also used including assessment of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium bi-carbonate (RSBC), magnesium content (MAR), permeability index (PI), and Kelly’s ratio (KR). The results of physicchemical analyses and calculated parameters of water quality suggest that all water samples are suitable for irrigation purposes. Therefore, the surface water of this area is of an excellent quality and is highly recommended for irrigation purposes.

The purpose of the research was to examine the relationship between personality traits of individuals involved and uninvolved in politics with ethnicity and the tendency for social dissimulation. In assessing the personality traits of individuals involved and uninvolved in politics, the Big Five personality traits model was applied. The study included 525 respondents from RNM, of whom 35 later included in politics (of whom 8 were female) aged 24 to 61 years. The Hexaco Questionnaire was used to assess the features of individuals involved and uninvolved in politics, and the EPQ subscale was used to assess the tendency of social dissimulation. In the data analysis, links were observed between personality traits and ethnicity and social dissimulation. The results show that in the sample tested, Honesty, Social dissimulation and Agreeableness are the most present traits in individuals involved in politics compared to individuals who are not involved in politics. Those involved in politics have a dominant presence of traits such as honesty, modesty, unconventionality and prudence. When it comes to the tendency for social dissimulation, the results state that there are significant differences between individuals involved and not involved in politics. Individuals involved in politics are more likely to display dissimulation. Regression analyzes have shown that Flexibility, Social Boldness, Liveliness, Openness to experiences are considered as the best predictors (out of a total of 26 personality traits) of involving in politics.

The purpose of this research is to identify the challenges and needs of parents of children with autism in treating their behavior, depending on the coliving in broad and close family. The research was conducted with qualitative design, there were 25 parent participants of children with autism. The participants were interviewed, and their interviews were transcribed. The interviews were consisted with semi-structured questions, analyzed in substance by coding the most pronounced topics that answered the question research. The results show the differences of coexistence in the broad and close family structures of children with autism. It can be concluded that the close family needs more financial and emotional support, and the wider family needs specific information because of compassion and non-intervention in the concrete situations of treating child behavior. Mothers have expressed psychological and physical exhaustion and all parents have expressed the need for continuous professional assistance and consultancy on the treatment or the approach for the child. The creation of an online platform is suggested because of low cost and easy access to services.

Sialolithiasis is the most common disease of the Salivary glands. The majority of Salivary gland calculi occur in the submandibular gland. More than 80% of the salivary gland calculi appear in the submandibular gland. They can be located in the glandular parenchyma or frequently in the excretory duct.

This case report describes a 45 old patient presenting with submandibular gland sialolith, the subsequent patient management, the aetiology, diagnosis and various treatment modalities available for management of salivary gland calculi depending on their site and size.

This paper trails the protection of minorities in the Balkans over time – when the protection of minorities begun, what protection existed after the Second World War, and what was the approach of the international organizations on minority protection in the Balkans since 1990s. Balkan nations are multi-ethnic societies and Balkans is an illustrator case on how important and vital the representation of minorities within the political system and society can be. Since the 90's, with the collapse of the Communist regimes, the certain regions of Europe were involved in ethnic conflicts and they continue to threaten the stability of the region and the unification of Europe. The position of minorities plays an important role for the stability and prosperity in general and it is important to evaluate various strategies and results concerning minority protection. The paper provides an in-depth discussion of the minorities in the Balkans.

Political reflections from the collision of major world political blocs during the Cold War were mostly felt in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe. This included the Albanians which following 1945 remained divided separated in Yugoslavia and Albania. Yugoslavia did not remain close to Soviet Union and developed at certain points even open cooperation with the United States. US was obviously concerned with the position of the Albanians in Yugoslavia but its geopolitical and geostrategic interest was to keep Yugoslavia out of the iron curtain. Based on the documents of American Administration of the time, one can notice that all political developments in the Albanian areas in Yugoslavia were monitored in detail, although the US Government was not interested in interfering with the Yugoslav politics. However, by the beginning of the 1980s, there was a greater interest towards Albanians but any upheaval in Yugoslavia was viewed by the US as a possible opportunity for the Soviet Union to reach the Adriatic and Aegean Sea through Yugoslavia and Albania. The economic crisis in the Soviet Union, the implications of a crackdown within NATO during the 1980s, and the insistence on dominant policy at a global level, led the US to show greater interest in the Balkan region and consequently seek safer allies in the Balkans in long-term terms. Debates in the US Congress and CIA reports in the mid-1980s show a clearer stand in support of the Albanian issue.

Sharri cheese is a traditional hard, fatty and salty type of cheese produced in Sharri, Gora, Opoja and Shtirpca towns in the Sharr Mountains region. Sharri cheese is produced by processing sheep milk, cow milk or their mixture. The aim of this study was to determine the microbiological quality of traditionally and industrially produced Sharri cheese. In total 58 samples of cheese were examined. Staphyloccocus aureus was positive in 57 samples. In a research for Eschericia coli, 34 samples showed result from 1x10¹/mL to 4.5x10⁶/mL. According to our results, Sharri cheese can carry risk for foodborne pathogens and these results are important for public health.

Nowadays one of the important and typical task in supervised machine learning in the field of sentiment analysis is a text classification. Sentiment analysis is a field dedicated to extracting subjective emotions and sentiments from the text. Corpora of written texts are excellent data sets for doing sentiment analysis and for algorithm training. A common use of sentiment analysis is to find out whether a text expresses negative, positive or neutral sentiment. Orientation of sentiment is usually expressed in terms of positive or negative opinion (binary classification), but classification can also be multi-class classification (i.e. neutral, very positive, positive, negative, very negative), or be associated with emotions (i.e. sad, angry, scary, happy, etc). Different existing classifiers have not been very successful for Albanian language texts, and the aim of this paper is to show the accuracy and functionality on Albanian language texts classification of our proposed algorithm called SentAl. The SentAl algorithm is based on grammatical categories and on the frequency of words with positive or negative opinion. The result of the SentAl algorithm will be compared with the Naive Nayes algorithm for text classification.

Acute renal insufficiency is characterized by a reversible increase in the concentration of creatinine and nitrogen products as a result of the kidney's inability to adequately maintain fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.

Purpose of the paper: is to research the latest literature on PAV as well as identify the most common causes of all three forms of the disease, determine the predominant form, determine the age and sex of the patients, at the Clinic Pediatrics, near UCCK.

Research Methods: The method used for this research is retrospective. Data are collected at the Pediatric Clinic, near the University Clinical Center of Kosovo, and cover the last 5 years 2011-2016.

Results: Of the 59 patients with PAV, 28 were female and 31 were male. Percentage calculation means that 47% of patients are female and 53% are male. Young people, especially children aged 1 to 5, are most affected by PAV.

Conclusions: PAV is more pronounced among males, with 53% compared to 47% of female cases. Of the three forms of PAV, the most common is Pre-renal. Young people, especially children aged 1 to 5, are most affected by PAV.

In this paper K-means clustering algorithm is applied in order to classify customers into several groups showing the similarity within a group is better than among groups. After determining the relevant client’s attributes in a SQL Server database, PCA (Principal Component Analysis) is applied in order to reduce the number of features, and after that, K-means algorithm is performed in MATLAB programming environment, using fixed number of clusters. Each centroid defines one of the clusters, while each data point is assigned to the nearest centroid, based on the squared Euclidean distance. In this research, centroids are randomly generated, while the separation distance between the resulting clusters is analyzed and illustrated using the Silhouette index. The analysis and results presented in this paper could determine a similarity in purchasing or using the services by a population cluster in one luxury goods company, to develop market segments, to identify repetitive behavior or trends in aiming to provide a full assessment of actions and to create some new customer loyalty campaigns.

Banks are harnessing the power of Big Data. They use Big Data and Data Science to drive change towards data and analytics to gain an overall competitive advantage. The Big Data has potential to transform enterprise operations and processes especially in the banking sector, because they have huge amount of transaction data. The goal of this paper is to give an overview of different approaches and challenges that exists in Big Data in banking sector. The work presented here will fulfill the gap of research papers in the last five years, with focus on Big Data in central banks and credit scoring in central banks. For this paper, we have reviewed existing research literature, official reports, surveys and seminars of central banks, all these related directly or indirectly to Big Data in banks.

Dairy industry is considered one of the most dynamic and consolidated industries in agricultural sector within the country, but it face many challenges to compete with products coming from abroad. In the other hand the infrastructure has improved in whole value chain during the years, through the grants from government, European commission, USAID, and other international organizations, but there are plenty of opportunities for improvement. Considering all stakeholders involved in the process, it would be possible to create better model, and systems that allow the industry to grow and be more profitable. The aim of this research is to scan the current milk logistics, analyze, than find the gaps and opportunities to optimize the collection process from farmers and distribution to merchants process, from collection centers point of view. The impact of transport in dairy industry value chain, is related with preserving the quality of milk products, time saving, cost cutting through good analysis and finding the right model for collection, cooperation with farmers, also expanding sales through better distribution models, and improving the brand and marketing. Analysis will also provide some important data regarding the infrastructure, from road network in the country, transportation vehicles and cooling infrastructure in the farms. This research explain the process from farmers premises to collection center, than an example of packing, loading and unloading phases, but it doesn’t deal with the milk processing processes inside the collection center.

This paper aims is to provide a clear panorama which leads to a better understanding of the axially loaded behaviour of hybrid rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) columns with different sections and amount area of longitudinal bars. This investigation is to compute the maximum axial load carrying capacity of FRP bar reinforced concrete columns under axial compression, the research is to find the contribution of the FRP longitudinal bars in concrete columns based on the ultimate tensile strength of FRP bars. This nonlinear finite element analytical research conducted three different sections 25/30, 25/40 and 25/50 cm with different amount area of steel and FRP bars.

This paper examines monitoring of the drinking water in the urban area of the Prizren town. The Prizren town is supplied by forty wells (underground springs). The distribution network of drinking water pipes is of the sixties, pipes are constructed of different materials such as: steel, asbestos and polyethylene. The obtained results from this study work will serve to assess the quality of drinking water based on some physico-chemical parameters. We checked the quality of water during March 2019, at five locations (FOUNTAINHEAD -SOURCES) in the first and second areas of the town. The analyzes made show that the quality of drinking water is 99% in accordance with the parametric values.

As traditional fossil energy sources are becoming scarcer and more damaging to the environment, the development of renewable sources for electricity generation has become a top priority in the world today, and so has begun to develop rapidly even in Kosovo. Kosovo, with an average solar radiation of 1400 kWh / m2, has 1400 equivalent hours of sunlight, that corresponds to 3.8 hours per day, which means that Kosovo is a strategic and convenient place for the utilization of solar resources. This research study has analyzed the performance of photovoltaic system in Gjakova with a capacity of 6 MWh connected to the network, influenced by the climatic characteristics of the geographical area in which this PV system is installed, and also the orientations of modules and their types. The 6MWh system consists of two types of photovoltaic modules, monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon, inverters and other measuring and monitoring equipment. From the results of this paper, with all these factors taken into account, an estimate is made of the amount of electricity potentially generated each year by the photovoltaic system in Gjakova.

Linear operators occupy an important place in functional analysis and linear algebra, which are among the most important and substantive disciplines of mathematics, whose methods and results have created an indispensable apparatus for the development of numerical mathematics, theory of approximations, equations differential and especially mathematical physics and applied mathematics. Also, linear operators are a central object of study in vector space theory.

A linear operator is a function which satisfies the conditions of additivity and homogeneity. Not every function is linear operators. We will try to explore some functions which are also linear operators.

The use of the word "juice" to mean "aquatic part of fruit or vegetable" was first recorded in the early 14th century. Fruit juice, concentrated fruit juice, dehydrated fruit juice, fruit nectar. Liquids are produced from concentrate and cigars This paper gives a fruit-based fluid production and microbiological monitoring activity, not neglecting the physico-chemical. The process of producing fruit-based juices, even of different kinds ranging from peaches, strawberries, dresses, oranges, apples, blueberries, etc., is based on the process of pasteurization as the main process that enables quality production. Dense and clear liquids are produced depending on whether the concentrate or the puree is used for their production. The water used for production also plays an important role, coming from subsoil irrigation with a radius of about 80 m, the water being subjected to Ozone treatment and disinfection. In the process of producing fruit-based juices and different concentrations of JAFFA champions under “Fluid” LLC. It is worth noting that production is controlled and monitored in microbiological and physico-chemical terms. The methods applied during the manufacturing process are environmentally friendly since the use of additives is zero. To achieve high quality production even more importantly they have been strictly implemented in accordance with the HACCP Principles and ISO Standards.

By far, lung cancer is the prominent cause of cancer deaths for both men and women around the world. In 2018, statistics for WHO (World Health Organization) showed that of 2.09 million people diagnosed with this disease, 1.76 million people have died. The survival rate increases if it is detected in its early stages. Taking into consideration the complexity of the problem, many computer-aided diagnosis systems that increase the survival rate have been proposed and developed. Driven by the notable success of deep learning in the area of complex image classification problems, this paper presents the use ResNet34, ResNet50, VGG16, and VGG19 convolutional neural network architectures or classifying images of patients with cancer. Moreover, to compare the performance evaluation Accuracy, Precision, Area Under Curve, and F1 score were calculated. In conclusion, ResNet50 architecture was estimated with the best result for this classification problem, with 87.04% Accuracy and 85.71% F1 score. The strategy of using pre-trained deep learning models proved to be pertinent to this problem.

According to the EM-DAT - The international disasters database, the total natural disasters reported each year has been steadily increasing in recent decades, from 48 in 1960 to 348 in 2014. Effective global strategy for environmental regeneration is missing. The built environment plays an important role in avoiding and reflecting on disasters.

This paper aims to identify the regenerative and resilient design activities needed in the process of environmental and urban regeneration. Developed the conceptual framework will represent the context in which the study is conducted

Mitigating climate change and increasing energy consumption requires paradigm shift toward integrated design strategies in multiple scales (building, the neighborhood, and city). The integrated approach focuses on the activities at different levels to produce synergistic effects.

From research findings it became clear, that, a new concept, based on the synergies from regenerative and resilience design activities, haze to be created as an integrated system of discrete disconnected parts in all scales of build environment.

This paper concludes with new concept design principles that support environmental and urban resilience activities in multiple scales, dimensions, and all phases.

Providing safe water for human consumption is quite challenging and a fundamental human right. On the contrary, contaminated water endangers the physical and social health of all people.

Kosovo is a small country with limited water resources. Underground and accumulated water resources are mainly used. Prizren is the second largest city in the country in terms of population, while providing safe drinking water mainly from underground sources. According to the 2018 estimation, Prizren has 192712 inhabitants, whose concentration is highest in the urban area with about 53%.

In this study was investigated the bacteriological quality of water sources for human consumption in the Prizren during 2018, comparing the source water with the treated water accessible to citizens.

Material and methods: The research was designed and conducted during 2018. The water was sampled at 16 sampling points for Routine 3 examination. Sampling and analysis were done in the laboratory of Prizren RPHC. The research of bacteria in the sampled water was done by the Membrane filter technique.

Results: The analysis of the collected samples was done with the Membrane filter technique investigating four parameters. During 2018, 832 bacteriological samples were sampled and analyzed including Routine 1, 2 and 3. In our research we analyzed 16 samples, of which 8 from water sources for consumption and 8 from water supply sources. We found that out of 8 samples from the sources, 5 of them resulted in the presence of bacteria, such as E. coli, Enterococus, Coliform bacteria and Bacterial colonies at 37C. In none of the water samples sampled at supply points throughout 2018 hasn’t been bacterial growth.

Discussion: Analysis of water samples from Prizren city water supply sources resulted in 62.5% bacterial presence. E. coli has been most present in positive specimens, but also coliforms. Water treatment before use is a very important process for preventing health impacts. This has resulted quite well in our samples collected at springs at citizen supply points, characterized by no bacterial presence. We can conclude that drinking water in the city of Prizren is within the standards for drinking water according to AI 16/2012 and Council Directive 98/83 / EC.

Guaranteeing free speech and becoming a journalist without being hindered is a necessity and indicator of the level of social and democratic development of a country. In Kosovo, freedom of expression and non-censorship, though are constitutional rights, are being denied for journalists. The paper will deal with the phenomenon of censorship and self-censorship of journalists in Kosovo's media, which are also highlighted in reports of local and international organizations, where they also raise as an issue. For the realization of this paper, the following will be used: content analysis, surveys and interviewing with journalists. The paper concludes that in Kosovo there is a violation of free speech and not rarely happen that journalists are censored, even worst also are self-censored, which endangers the free speech, truth, and doing the independent journalism.

Adaptive software systems have the ability to configure their process based on the input. This means that, they can change their behavior based on internal changes, or changes in the running environment. Different user requirement, big data inputs, large scale services, and always available processes made adaptive systems evolve even more. However, there is always a gap that can be filled in order to improve them further. Machine learning is one of the techniques that is widely used to improve different software systems. Its main idea is to use previous knowledge, train it, and predict new results. There exist a bunch of algorithms that are being used in this evolving area, and adaptive systems are good targets where they can have a great effect. This paper reviewed the main machine learning algorithms that are being used for adaptive systems, and further it considered the impact and challenge of these techniques in the usability of the systems.

This paper will examine the question of how to create a fashion collection with the energy of the modern yet still evoking the nostalgia of the past, all the while trying to pay tribute to the craftsmen and -women, incorporating traditional details and still making it suitable for the ever-changing trends and styles of the fast-paced fashion today.

One of the greatest Albanian folk legacies is the authenticity and originality of the costumes. They are more than just 'outfits' they are an art, an expression of Albanian identity and heritage to the rest of the world.

Fashion as a sincere expression of our external identity — regardless of climatic conditions/season, social status, position in society/profession — has been and remains an expression or reflection of a fundamental human need, the need to decorate and promote oneself. It is an aesthetic way of expressing, representing a lifestyle, and it is multifaceted.

Background - Aortopathy in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is increasingly recognized to be a heterogeneous disease entity. Likewise, many studies suggest that the bicuspid valve morphology influences aortic dilatation, but the association of the two is yet to be understood. We therefore, compared, in a meta-analysis, the effect of right-left coronary cusp fusion (RL) and right-non coronary cusp fusion (RN) on the pattern of aortic dilatation.

Methods – Up to November 2017, a systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify all studies that compared aortic dimensions in patients with BAV. Raw mean differences in millimeters was analyzed using Comprehensive Meta Analysis software, and data was combined using random-effect model.

Results - Twenty studies reported aortic dimensions for 3854 patients with RL and 1735 patients with RN BAV (with or without raphe). Indexed and non-indexed values were compared at the level of aortic annulus, sinuses of Valsalva, sinotubular junction and ascending aorta. Using indexed values showed only the sinuses of the Valsalva wider in RL BAV patients (mean difference 1.84 (95% CI: 0.46–3.23), p < 0.009, I2 = 90.4%). Using non-indexed values showed the annulus (mean difference 1.38 (95% CI: 0.62–2.13), p < 0.000, I2 = 84%), sinuses of Valsalva (mean difference 2.94 (95% CI: 1.75–4.12), p < 0.000, I2 = 88.2%), and sinotubular junction (mean difference 1.28 (95% CI: 0.27–2.29), p < 0.013, I2 = 76.8%) wider in RL BAV patients but similar ascending aorta diameter (mean difference 0.14 (95% CI: -1.16–1.44), p < 0.83, I2 = 87.4%).

Conclusions – The meta-analysis found wider aortic diameters in RL BAV compared to RN BAV patients. This might suggest a contributing effect of the transvalvular flow direction and its relationship with the aortic wall. However, it does not necessarily exclude differences of development style and tissue composition. Thus, categorizing BAV subtypes may serve as a clinical tool for optimum follow-up strategies in order to provide optimum evidence based management.

The objective of this paper is to explore promoting cultural heritage values and incorporating them in contemporary times. It will focus on raising awareness on the importance of cultural heritage values and preservation of the inherent cultural identity through preservation of antiquity, such as stone towers, silver handicrafts, decorative rugs, and loom work. It will discuss how community Museums as centers for knowledge on culture, also includes interface between the youth, cultural resource persons and heritage experts to broaden the scope of traditional knowledge and skills. The heritage school clubs bring together students of diverse ethnic backgrounds who share a common interest in promoting and preserving cultural heritage. This may be in the form of sharing experiences about their cultural backgrounds, learning about heritage in general, carrying out activities to preserve cultural heritage, promoting and expressing their cultural identity and appreciating other peoples’ cultures. The schools receive support in the form of training, teachers’ toolkits, maps of heritage sites in the country and other learning aids. The heritage club members receive “Heritage Passports,” heritage inscribed pens, caps, t-shirts, bracelets and other motivational materials.

This paper aims to closely elaborate the comprehensive linguistic and stylistic features, aspects of equivalency regarding proverbs diplomatic terminology in order to carry out a comparison with Albanian equivalents. The language of diplomacy and terminology has been broadly extended particularly during the last three decades. The sphere of this style is closely related to activities concerned with meetings, conferences, congresses. Indeed it is worth emphasizing that the whole range of these activities isn’t devoid of proverbs and terminology which renders specific peculiarities. Contrary to other fields the purpose of diplomatic texts, utterances and proverbs it’s not that of merely conveying information but to serve the interests of a certain socio-political or ideological group. Among others, I will primarily focus on analyzing the stylistic function of socio-political discourse and terminology owing to the fact that English is already being referred to as the language of contemporary diplomacy. In the course of historical developments, it’s worth pointing out that English gained supremacy in 1919 during the decision-making which followed the First World War. Undoubtedly the growth linguistic predominance came as a result of political expansion. Moreover during the post-war world English was at a large perceived as cultural legacy of colonial era and technological revolution. Nowadays English is at large extent being used in all spheres of diplomacy such as bilateral, multilateral agreements, public diplomacy, NGO’s, in relations between diplomatic corpses etc. In this point of view it is of significant importance to provide a fully-fledged panorama of the key components which are necessary to embark on with a subtle scrutiny of equivalency of diplomatic discourse from English to Albanian with as special emphasis on terminology.

Clusters tend to be a key factor for a successful macroeconomic development and microeconomics business environment. Execution of cluster projects is one of the strategic objectives of many counties, as it contributes to the economic development of regions and increases the level of innovative development of enterprises which form a cluster. Cluster mapping efforts create a set of data and insights on economic activity across industries and locations. With this paper we will try to present the advantages and disadvantages of being in cluster. All huge projects have obstacles and benefits, but in this paper we will try to summaries the facts of clusters, analyzing data from states in Balkan region and presenting some useful information for enterprises which are thinking for sector development opportunities.

Anti-inflammatory effects of coffee consumption have been reported to be caused by caffeine and adenosine receptor signaling. However, contradictory effects have been observed. Many kinds of chronic diseases are linked to inflammation; therefore a profound understanding of potential effects of coffee consumption is desirable. We performed ex vivo experiments with eight individuals investigating peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from venous blood before and after coffee consumption, as well as in vitro experiments applying caffeine on isolated cells. After in vitro inflammatory stimulation of the cells, released cytokines, chemokines and eicosanoids were determined and quantified using targeted mass spectrometric methods. Remarkably, the release of inflammation mediators IL6, IL8, GROA, CXCL2, CXCL5 as well as PGA2, PGD2, PGE2, LTC4, LTE4 and 15S-HETE was significantly affected after coffee consumption. While in several individuals coffee consumption or caffeine treatment caused significant down-regulation of most inflammation mediators, in other healthy individuals exactly the opposite effects were observed. Ruling out age, sex, coffee consumption habits, the metabolic kinetics of caffeine in blood and the individual amount of regulatory T-cells or CD39 expression as predictive parameters, we demonstrated here that coffee consumption may have significant pro- or anti-inflammatory effects in an individual fashion.

Community score card was first used in Lipjan Municipality as an instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with health services, and evaluation of PHC services by providers of these services, focusing on type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This activity was developed in support of AQH, through the NGO POLIS and the workers of the PHC-Lipjan The purpose of this research was to identify community needs and opportunities to solve these problems, Involvement of the community in decision-making and monitoring of services in PHC, Relevance of findings by CSC and current internal management and Ministry of Health level.

Methodology of work: Organizing information meetings about CSC with citizens and health workers. In the informative sessions with 207 citizens, there were 139 men and 68 women in the gender ratio, in the ethnic ratio 200 Albanian, 6 RAE and 1 Croat.

Total Health Worker 76, in the gender ratio Men 28, Women 48 in the ethnic ratio 71 Albanian, 5 Serb, based on residence and place of work 50 City, and 26 Village. Then focus group meetings: Within the Community Focus Groups, 15 out of the 15 meetings were attended by 120 participants. Since turning it into average participation, it turns out that 8 people have participated in each focus group.

Indicators evaluation visit Following the completion of the third focus group meetings where the consolidated indicators and sub-indicators were assessed by these groups, the field evaluation process was developed. Thus, the evaluation team was divided into two groups of 4 persons each. Each observer group had one POLIS employee, two community members, and one health worker

Interface Meeting The latest activity under the Community Score Card is the joint meeting between health care providers and the community, who have largely been patients with diabetes. This meeting was held on 01 November 2018.

Conclusions These activities served first to confront the evaluations of both groups that they gave during the scoring of the indicators, and then to find a consensus between the two groups on the final grade of each of the indicators and sub-indicators. Following this confrontation and consolidation, work has been done in groups to develop an action plan for three indicators that have been assessed by stakeholders at this meeting as needing to be improved. Thus, the working groups have outlined all the activities that need to be included in the action plan in order to improve these services.

Albania is one of the countries most prone to seismic oscillations in the Balkans (Aliaj, Sulstarova, Peci, Muco, 2004). Recent devastating earthquakes have shown that reinforced concrete buildings have suffered maximum damage and are responsible for the loss of life. Due to reasons such as design codes, non-appropriate seismic detailing and lack of experience in high-rise building construction, these types of structures are vulnerable to earthquakes. It is therefore important to evaluate the seismic performance of high-rise buildings in Albania. In Albania, as a country with high seismic hazard, it is very important the design and seismic evaluation of buildings. From the economic perspective, there are two options: repair or demolition. The opportunity to choose is given by the assessment of their actual condition. (Luca Guri, Lluka, , 2015) High-rise buildings during their lifetime are subject to dynamic loads continuously, caused by the wind, seismic oscillations, vibrations caused by machineries, etc. In some cases, under the action of strong earthquakes, structures undergo large displacements and may suffer significant structural damage, and even be destroyed. With the growth of population every year, more and more increases the role of high structures, and therefore the design of these structures should have a greater importance. In other words, the design of high-rise structures in seismic areas as Albania is a major challenge. The most dangerous consequence of the earthquake is the collapse of the building caused by large displacements of the structure. Therefore, the structure should have sufficient ductility which is imperative to limit the displacements, in this way and Force - Displacement effect will be smaller. This can be accomplished by placing to the structure elements that stiffener it, such as a shear walls or steel braces, or dumpers. The focus of this paper is to analyze the use of base isolators as a method to limit the displacement of the building and therefore to prevent the collapse of high-rise buildings in seismic regions. Base isolation technique was developed as an attempt to reduce the effects on buildings and their structural elements during seismic events, and is becoming one of the most effective methods for a wide range of problems of structures under the seismic action. In recent decades, based isolation has become one of the most accepted techniques for seismic protection of buildings. On the other hand, seismic isolation is widely regarded as an efficient method for problematic structures, which are characterized by specific seismic requirements. Seismic Isolation is also used in the rehabilitation of existing buildings and strengthening of weak structures. This paper focuses on the impact that base isolation and above ground isolation, systems have on the seismic response of the buildings.

In this paper, we present the calculation of the determinants based on Sarus rule. It is observed that the Sarus rule for third-order can be used even for higher orders, but the rule for the placement of the sign “+” or “-“ is different from what is currently used for the third order. During the calculations, it is noted that the rule of the placement of the mark is repeated the same pattern for each 4k order. Also, there are presented the computer functions to calculate the nth order determinants using Sarus rule.

Nowadays no profession could be imagined without use of many software applications that facilitate everyday work. Software is an intellectual property and its use is a cost to user and income to the intellectual property owner. The practice of purchasing software licenses in Kosovo is relatively new and is applied on a very small scale. The architect's profession requires the use of some very costly software applications. This paper aims to compare license prices and training prices with average income of residents for some Autodesk software applications in different countries. Market equilibrium, based on supply and demand will determine reasonable price that users in Kosovo would be willing to pay based on their low income. Affordable license prices along with law enforcement will lower illegal software usage.

IT has a high share of the total costs at information processing companies. Though not only minimal IT costs are relevant, but also effective use of IT from the long term business perspective. Decisions on IT investments are made based on information about costs and benefits commonly provided by controlling in-struments. To identify direct and indirect costs of IT services, an internal IT cost allocation (IT activity allocation or IT chargeback) is being used by the vast ma-jority of companies, especially in IT-related industries. The allocation of shared IT infrastructures and overhead costs to IT services, as well as of IT services to service recipients, is based on simplified allocation keys. Allocation keys are commonly built use-based, per revenue share or per employee. For example allo-cation per CPU or RAM for servers and per Gigabyte of disk space for central storage systems is commonly being used. Nowadays those rarely are relevant cost drivers, except for extreme increases in usage intensity, which raise jump-fixed costs to a higher level. As a consequence service recipients lack the possi-bility and incentive to control the real costs and to optimize the cost/benefit ratio. Furthermore allocated costs, especially for shared services, do not represent cor-rectly the real cost situation and product pricing and business cases based on those costs are not accurate. As a constraint information cost to gain data to build allocation keys have be reasonable. The question is, how to build allocation keys as accurate as possible to apportion ‘real’ IT costs with reasonable effort. The pa-per at hand describes the internal IT cost allocation and its allocation keys based on main actual cost drivers by means of a case study at a typical medium-sized Austrian financial service provider. This approach yields a more accurate alloca-tion of actual IT costs.

At present, the construction sector is one of the industries generating the greatest environmental impact and therefore it increases pollution and thus natural disasters occurring due to climate change. For this reason, the sector must encourage sustainable development, which is currently aimed – primarily- at achieving zero environmental impact. However, at present, the concept of sustainability is not solving the environmental problems caused by the sector and requires an immediate change [4]. In addition, the level of sustainable implementation in Europe varies substantially from one country to another. In some countries, a movement wanting to go further has been formed; shifting from implementing degenerative or "less bad" strategies to other strategies aiming a positive net environmental impact, by means of regenerative sustainability criteria. Regenerative sustainability promotes buildings that not only achieve zero environmental impact, but their impact is positive, meaning that buildings are able to "regenerate" their users and the environment. In this sense, the COST Action "RESTORE" (REthinking Sustainability TOwards to Regenerative Economy) was developed, aiming to transform the sector and promote this new way of understanding sustainability.This work presents the first results obtained in the RESTORE Action and particularly in Working Group 3 that deals with Sustainable Building Construction, regarding the level of implementation of sustainability in the different countries of Europe. For this, a short survey was developed, focusing on three main construction aspects: materials, technology and tools. The survey was sent to more than 150 professionals and 62 responses were received. Results show that, in general, there is a lack of regenerative sustainability criteria in Europe, especially in the southern countries. Most countries rely on traditional materials and technologies rather than advanced and emerging materials and techniques. Finally, the results obtained help to understand the current situation of sustainability and to identify the challenges and difficulties of implementing Sustainable Construction in the Europe.

Curriculum is defined as, "All the learning which is planned and guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually, inside or outside of school” To develop or revise medical curriculum is a difficult task and requires a thorough knowledge of the curriculum development process. The faculty and curriculum committee members need a proper direction right from planning, implementation and monitoring of the curricular exercise. The curriculum development reflects the future of medical education, changing trends in healthcare system and expectation of stake holders. The medical faculties involved in curriculum development process spend a lot of time in thinking how to analyze and organize in writing a new curriculum. The pathway to curriculum revision and development still remains as an unknown lane. The Professional Qualifications Directive; 2005/36/EC, came into force in 2007 and aims at facilitating the mobility of skilled workers to other EU countries and making the European labour market more flexible. The Professional Qualifications Directive regulates issues of skilled workers who wish to exercise their profession outside their home country or the country they received their education from. The Directive provides for:

• A special scheme for temporary mobility of skilled professionals
• Regulations for professionals who want to settle and work permanently in another EU country
• A system of recognition of language skills
• A system for the recognition of professional and academic titles across the European Union
• The Directive clarifies three different types of recognition of qualifications:
• Automatic recognition for professions whose training conditions have been harmonized by all Member States (this applies to health professionals, veterinary surgeons and architects)
• General recognition for other regulated professions that fall not under automatic recognition
• A recognition scheme based on professional expertise and working experience
• Actually some Universities has an approach with this directive.

As various technological platforms and algorithms are getting more and more sophisticated and present in human lives, the data privacy is becoming one of the most sensitive issues in human-computer interaction. This paper presents a qualitative research on the level the young people in Kosovo are aware of the possible privacy violations in social networks, as well as on the degree they expose their private data in Facebook and Instagram. The data privacy awareness and exposure phenomena are time-varying, location-related, socially-dependent etc., which bring up the need for continuous surveys on this topic. While relying on best practices and actual privacy guidelines, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted. The study involves young population who are supposed to be mostly present/active in social networks. In this case for practical reasons, participants are mainly students of computer sciences. Generally, the results show relatively low awareness and high privacy exposure in social networks. Female participants show much higher awareness and concerns on data privacy. Somewhat paradoxically, they seem to expose much more of personal details in social networks.

This research is about the design, aesthetics as a sales promoter in Kosovo and the challenges faced every day during the production, sales or even the creation of products, goods and clothing. This research will give insight into design and aesthetics as a promoter of selling products in our country. When it comes to preferences, demand and decision to buy are affected by different factors. The customers surveyed were more willing to buy a product that is more functional rather than a product with better aesthetics. Estimates were the same regardless of age, gender, status (whether employed or not): customers have chosen based on the design. For a product in Kosovo, to have successful sales and to be differentiated, it must have the performance, comfort, safety and the ability to be repaired. As for the appearance, the interesting form, the perfect symmetry, the proportion of a product depending on the articles, the consumers of our country have shown less interest. These findings are important information for career professionals. The recommendations from this research are important for further success in the field of business, entrepreneurship, economy, fashion design, teaching etc.

The focus of this paper describes the designing procedure of Small hydro power plant implemented in Restelica River, Kosovo. For normal operation of the Small hydro power plant, there must be done measurements of the river basin annually water flow, hydraulic net head of water, to calculate sustainability of water flow, flow duration curve, flow rate, configuration units depending on flow rate etc. The choice of the turbines was made depending on head and flow rate of water from which has resulted in the installation of different turbines that have fit better those conditions. The head losses in penstock are estimated to be in the percentage (%) of the hydraulic gross head, depending on the length of the penstock, its diameter, sustainability of flow rate and its velocity. Since the water flow, it's not stable enough for production 3.018 MW electricity from one turbine, in this case, are proposed to installing three different turbines. This paper aims to determine the best efficiency of Small hydro power plants SHPP Restelica 1,2 and 3, with three turbines during operation depending on rated discharge per unit. If we rely only on the gross level of water drop in the respective turbine, then for all three power plants, Restelica 1, 2 and 3, it follows that the most favorable turbines will be those of Francis.

But when optimizing a particular type of turbine for a particular location, one must also consider the amount of water that will pass through the turbine in question.

The aim of our research was to determine the quality of raw cow’s milk in three regions of Kosova through total bacteria count (TBC), somatic cell count (SCC) and physico-chemical parameters. A total of 120 samples were collected from farms during the period January – June 2019. Microbiological evaluation was conducted based on the definition of total bacterial count (TBC) and somatic cell count (SCC). Also, physico-chemical parameters tested include fat, protein, lactose, Solid Non Fat (SNF), total solids content (TS), freezing point depression (FPD), density and acidity ^oSH. The obtained results showed that TBC count was: in Peja Region 21/120, in Gjakova region 61/120 and in Prizreni region 41/120 samples belonged to the III class. The SCC count was: in Peja region 54/120, in Gjakova region 45/120 and in Prizreni region 62/120 samples belonged to the III class. In positive samples were also found changes of the physical-chemical parameters.

Due to the increasing saturation of the modern technology, fuelled by its inherent properties such as flexibility, ease of use, and ubiquity, e-commerces and e-learning platforms has gained significant business reputation promising great productivity, high profitability and an immense level of security. Considering dynamic life and according to recent research the decline of readability and the difficulty or lack of finding books, professional notes and scientific works in our country, has encouraged us to develop an online bookstore.

The goal of this project was to design and develop a Web Application for online bookstore. Focusing on business-to-consumer markets, the customers of a book sales’ company could purchase books conveniently and pay with credit card via the integrated Stripe service using any device. The application allows a user to register an account, login, search for particular books of interest, filter books by any category, sort books in ascending or descending order of price and purchase book(s) in the cart with a credit card.

The goal of the project was achieved by observing software development procedures and principles for software designs and implementation. In achieving the goal of this project, three major parts were designed and implemented. Firstly, the design of the UI (User Interface) was implemented by following the Web design guidelines for any compatible devices. Secondly, a PostgreSQL database that connects and communicates with the web server through the Internet was designed to store the data. Thirdly, the design of software architecture which is MVC architecture for client-side and the Monolithic Architecture for server-side.

The result of the project was a complete web application, developed by various technologies such as Angular 8, SpringBoot, PostgreSQL, Stripe API, Gmail API that is targeted at delivering a solution for online shopping with the Credit Card integration(Stripe).The project eliminates the need to drive to a bookstore, find and pay for a parking place. In addition, considerable time is saved as consumers do not need to walk throughout the store in search for an item to buy. The project can easily turned into an e-commerce thanks to these two technologies (Angular + SpringBoot) which could be a huge change for our market.

In this project, the implementation of a framework development of a web application for the Alumni management, has been analyzed thoroughly. The PHP programming language has been used as a part of this framework. The main aim has been the achievement of conclusion about the benefits and the weaknesses of the usage of a particular framework during the development of such Web Application compared to the development of a Web Application without the usage of such framework. Furthermore, during the development of this Web Application, it has been necessary to use new innovative technologies that have recently developed very rapidly and which support and quicken the development of applications, such as the implementation of the framework name "Bootstrap" which is mainly used to design the view of Web Application and also facilitate vastly the implementation of the three main components: HTML, CSS and JavaScript.

The development of the economy, business and market globally requires an increasing investment in digitalization, the business of complex processes. Despite the emergence of Eastern European countries, in the future, they need to innovate in digitalization in order to increase the efficiency of business operations, profits, increase productivity and open up new markets. All of this has to do with controlling and auditing the business. The relentless transformational impact of IT redefines the very figure of IT auditing, forcing auditors to rethink established practices, process and calibrate their functions in the digital age. Technological advances are inherent in digitalisation and will undoubtedly change the internal audit, audit of the Court of Auditors, tax control and etc.

The Domain Name System protocol, or DNS, is one of the first processes to enable a given user to communicate with a desired resource - mainly a website. As such, the DNS protocol has served as a building block of the Internet architecture and, to this day, continues to be extended and considered a relevant topic, mostly through the extensions proposed by standardization bodies aiming to (primarily) enforce the protection of the user’s privacy. This study will analyze the DNS architecture, protocol format, and the communication structure of the participants of the DNS, in order to clarify the benefits, functional drawbacks and their implications for the general public.

Traditional architecture has been the basis of later construction. But what has remained a precious legacy across generations is undoubtedly the functional side of many elements of traditional architecture. In this context there are many elements of the architectural heritage, which in the past have served as informative elements for a wider social circle, understandably for those who were able to "read" the symbolism of those elements.

In addition to the function that served to house the family members, dwelling in general, as part of the heritage of traditional architecture, had other functions, such as the information function through specific parts of the dwelling. In addition to the exterior appearance, the doors and windows of the residential houses have also played a special role in the information function. But due to the great complexity of these two elements, in this paper I will focus only on the door information function.

The direction of opening the door has had an informative function, not only for the residents of the house, but more so for the guests who have entered the house for the first time. Opening the door to the right, or to the left, depends on the apartment. So if the door is opened on the right side in the guest room, or in the Dukagjini Plain - Tower Door, on the left side the door is opened in the bedrooms, or as it is known among the people - in the crown rooms. But the way the doors opened has changed the informative function even of what the building used to be. In short, dwelling in the Albanian tradition has also functioned as a whole in support of unwritten rules, but in fact those rules have been applicable because the justifications have been convincing and have in time become norms of tradition.

How these rules have been transformed into norms and to what extent have they served the family, preserving many traditions, but above all serving the reconciliation of hostile families and preserving the identity of the guest in a home through the opening of the door will be the backbone of my work, in the ethnological aspect of the tradition of Albanian architecture.

Dr. Faust was written during the period of Humanism and Renaissance, with an everlasting value throughout history. It describes the never ceasing desire of the human soul and mind to try to lurk for things beyond the grasp of the human ratio. The author, Christopher Marlowe gave the seal of eternity to this book, by characterizing his main character with all the possible wishes that one can dream of. That is why Faust has got the PhD on law, medicine, theology and logics. Further on he met Mephistopheles, the main devil that reminds him of the seven deadly sins trying to change his mind in order to make him aware of the consequences awaiting for him. But, our main character continuous to be even more stubborn in his requests, thus he makes the pact for 26 years with the devil being aware of the fact that he will never be brought back his own soul. Unfortunately we meet these kind of people every day, with enormous wishes, ideas, needs, style of life, communication with others, with pathological needs to give the impression of being the best. Being categorical on their needs and requests, what is even worse moving and communicating within the circles full of people like themselves, makes them extremely dangerous. But the good has always fought the evil, and the good always prevails. Faust just before dying asks to see Helen of Troy, but it is too late!

Electronic recruitment as a relatively new phenomenon of the modern recruitment process changed the nature of the recruitment strategies. The digital world has brought a new dimension to recruitment strategies. Internet innovation of Web 2.0 technologies has changed the overall recruitment process. E-Recruitment significantly enhances the recruitment process also known as online recruitment or internet recruiting. Electronic Recruitment has significantly improved the efficiency and effectiveness of recruitment, but the limitation is that it does not allow face-to-face communication. It is good technique for effective use of the internet, improves recruitment skills by enabling postings and job applications. Compare to e-Recruitment, Traditional Recruitment methods focuses on a small group of potential applicants and does not give the organization access to the many passive candidates (talent) required. Electronic Recruitment increase potential for qualitative selection, competitive advantages and other benefits. Electronic Recruitment saves time by quickly processing the redundancy of applicants, easier recruitment of qualified candidates, improves the image of the prospect, provides organizational information between the prospect and the applicant for vacancies, updates job data and there is an expansion of the geographical scope for applicants. The purpose of this literature review is to analyze the issues of defining e-Recruitment strategies. The literature review comprises peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings, white papers and the topic of e-Recruitment strategies.

The Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) is based on following EU Directives:

The EU Directive 2010/31/EU of 19 May 2010 on the Energy Performance of Buildings (amended by Directive 2018/844 of 30/05/2018) requires the Member States, the establishment of a measurable system of Buildings Energy Performance (BEP) or a Certification of Energy Performance (CEP). This Directive requires that each EU member state must set up a specific calculation method to achieve the BEP requirements and to certify the energy performance of buildings.

The energy efficiency EU Directive 2012/27/EU of 25/10/2012, in particular the article n°5.

The EU Directive 2009/28/EC of 23/04/2009 on the use and promotion of the energy produced from renewable sources.

The PEB certificate expresses the energy performance of a PEB unit (public buildings, residential and industry buildings, apartments, etc...) by means of several indicators such as energy class, global and specific consumption of primary energy, renewable energy, CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions and contains recommendations for improvement.

The Belgian Energy Performance Certificate is the perfect example helping Belgium as a Member State to achieve its energy efficiency targets. It can inspire the authorities in Kosovo, whose ultimate goal is to join the EU, to prepare the legislation that would incorporate the entire EPC in the procedures for new construction or renovation of buildings. This would be one much appreciated way to prepare at best to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve the energy performance of the residential, tertiary and public buildings in Kosovo.

Entrepreneurial marketing is a relatively new concept that has emerged at the intersection of the two very extensively researched fields such as marketing and entrepreneurship. It is considered as a new marketing paradigm that is suitable especially for small and medium-sized enterprises who due to their limited financial and human resources are unable to perform the traditional marketing principles. Having in mind that this research field has not yet sufficiently penetrated the Balkans, this paper will provide some insight into this relatively new concept that has gained the attention of many researchers from all over the world. This paper will explain what is entrepreneurial marketing as well as when, how and why this research field has emerged? Further, the paper will stress the need for entrepreneurial marketing, its characteristics as well as the main differences between entrepreneurial and traditional marketing. This study will also underline the importance of this new marketing paradigm for the success of small and medium-sized enterprises. At the end of the paper, the recommendations for the use of entrepreneurial marketing by SMEs as well as the proposal for future research directions in this field will be presented.

This contribution illustrates the development of the environmental law of the EU from an international environmental law perspective, in particular the directives for nature protection and bidiversity. Directives for nature protection and biodiversity aims to maintain and improve biodiversity in the EU through the conservation of natural habitats and the protection of wild fauna and flora. A large number of species of wild birds naturally occurring in the European territory of the Member States are declining in number, very rapidly in some cases. This decline represents a serious threat to the conservation of the natural environment, particularly because of the biological balances threatened thereby. The Habitats Directive was adopted in 1992 to help maintain biodiversity. It protects over 1000 animals and plant species and over 200 types of habitat. It also established the EU-wide Natura 2000 (Birds and Habitats Directives) network of protected areas. Natura 2000 is a network of core breeding and resting sites for rare and threatened species, and some rare natural habitat types which are protected in their own right. It stretches across all 28 EU countries, both on land and at sea. Directive 2009/147/ec of the european parliament and of the council on the conservation of nature, establishing:Conservation is aimed at the long-term protection and management of natural resources as an integral part of the heritage of the peoples of Europe.

It is a strategic process that organizations use to boost learning and performance. Mainly, companies use it to attain short and long-term ways to use knowledge to the entity. In this field, knowledge can either be explicit, implicit, or tacit. The framework asserts that knowledge management strategies are affected by whether a company tries to measure its information resources and the

Performance of its knowledge activities. The four dimensions of knowledge management, namely, knowledge acquisition, conversion, application, and protection have a definite link with the two aspects of organizational performance. It is important to use appropriate support systems to generate, code, and transfer the knowledge within the organization’s participants to ensure that it is put to its rightful use.

This survey research aimed to 1) study correlations between some factors on student persistence, 2) study influences of some factors on student persistence, and 3) create regression equation for predicting student persistence in Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University. The sample were 787 graduated students of Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University which were selected by accidental sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect the data and analyze the data; percentage, correlation, coefficient of determination, and multiple regression analysis. The results were:

1) There were some correlations between each factor on student persistence; master degree program had the highest correlation = .76, 4-year bachelor degree program had the highest correlation = .30, 3-year bachelor degree program had the highest correlation = .32, and 2-year bachelor degree program had the highest correlation = .54.

2) Some predictor factors had the influences on student persistence; master degree program had coefficient of determination (R²) = 84%, 4-year bachelor degree program had coefficient of determination (R²) = 6%, 3-year bachelor degree program had coefficient of determination (R²) = 24%, and 2-year bachelor degree program had coefficient of determination (R²) = 20%.

3) Some factors can be formulated to predict the variation on student persistence: regression equation; for all master degree program, 4-year bachelor degree program, 3-year bachelor degree program, and 2-year bachelor degree program.

Freedom of expression is a fundamental human right, this right is guaranteed by the domestic law the legislation of the Republic of Kosovo and with international documents. In the Republic of Kosovo, this institute has been regulated through the Constitution of Kosovo where Article 40 stipulating that this right includes the right to express, to distribute and receive information, thoughts and other messages, without being obstructed by anyone, and that this right can only be limited by the Law.

Through international documents it is determined that this right belongs to the group of fundamental human rights, so that freedom of thought and expression is determined, so that the Universal Declaration has defined this guaranteed right and obligation to be implemented. Such a regulation has been further defined by the European Convention on Human Rights, which has determined that the right to free expression is an elementary right and a fundamental criterion of respect for democracy.

It is also stipulated that the limitations to be envisaged in law, for a limited purpose and necessary in a democratic, proportionate and non-discriminatory society, including the maintenance of morals, the preservation of reputation and the rights of others, and the preservation of impartiality independence of the judicial system.

In the Republic of Kosovo, freedom of expression includes two mechanisms:

Free expression through audio-visual media, televisions, in the way of expressing thought through verbal declarations and through written and electronic media where the manner of declaration is made through a written record.

In cases that the subject of the right alleges that through any form of declaration of the other subjugation has been defamation or offense there are legal possibilities that through the use of remedies to claim damages or compensation of the damage.

This is regulated through the Media Council, written representatively to the Independent Media Commission.

Also, the Republic of Kosovo has approved the Law on the Expulsion and Insult, through which the right to freedom of expression, its overcoming and the way of compensation for damage is regulated in detail.

The current web that we are using today, allows us to jump from one document to another, but in absence of semantic data. Meanwhile, the Semantic Web known as the ‘next generation’ of web full of linked and structured data gives us the chance to jump from one dataset to another, enriching the current web with more links and semantics.

As we know, for various kinds of applications relational databases have been considered as one of the most popular storage solutions. While for the web of linked data they are recognized as a main factor in generating a huge amount of data. The process of mapping relational databases into ontologies is a fundamental problem on adapting the current web into the semantic one.

Therefore, in this paper we are going to demonstrate the ways how we can publish data from relational databases into RDF through an approach that we find it very useful and then we will present the benefits, challenges and the solutions of the problems for mapping relational databases into ontologies and vice versa.

Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens. A rose (Rosa canina L.) is a woody perennial flowering plant. There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars. This group of plants can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that often have thorns. Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white, yellows, reds, pinks and purples. Landscape Roses (Rosa x hybrida) are a modern category of rose developed mainly for mass planting. They are collectively known as shrub roses. In the late 20th century, traditional hybrid tea and floribunda rose varieties fell out of favor amid gardeners and landscapers, as they are often labor and chemical intensive plants susceptible to a myriad of pest and disease problems. Most landscape roses having the following characteristics:Lower growing habit, usually under 60 cm;repeat flowering; flower colour; fragrant; disease and pest resistance. Rose in Kosovo has been cultivated for centuries and was one of the most loveliest ornamental plants and growing in parks, family gardens, urban cities, cut roses, etc. Some representative garden roses species in the landscape urban structure in Kosovo are: Rosa floribunda, Rosa grandiflora, Ingrid bergman, Eifel tower Galia, Vicendal, Princess de Monaco, Duble delaght, Lincoln, Don juan, Rosa alba, etc.

This paper describes how much a typical building is contributing to global warming by releasing the carbon dioxide emission. And how the engineers and designers can decrease the amount of carbon footprint emitted from the building materials.

The world today has encountered with global warming and climate change. Besides other contributors, extraction of natural resources as building materials itself consume energy, cause environmental degradation and contribute to global warming. Buildings are the largest energy consumers and greenhouse gases emitters, both in the developed and developing countries. Urgent changes are therefore required relating to energy saving, emissions control, production and application of materials. Immediate suggestion related to use of renewable resources, and to recycling and reuse of building materials is necessary. As a case study a building made of commonly used materials; concrete, brick, stone and glass has been selected. Total quantity of carbon emission is estimated and finally suggestions are given to reduce carbon dioxide emission.

In this paper, we will show a way to form Hadamard's code order n 2^p (where p is a positive integer) with the help of Rademacher functions, through which matrix elements are generated whose binary numbers 0,1, while its columns are Hadamard's encodings and are called Hadamard's coding matrix. Two illustrative examples will be taken to illustrate this way of forming the coding matrix. Then, in a graphical manner and by means of Hadamard's form codes, the message sequence encoding as the order coding matrix will be shown. It will also give Hadamard two methods of decoding messages, which are based on the so-called Haming distance. Haming's distance between two vectors u and v was denoted by du,v and represents the number of places in which they differ. In the end, three conclusions will be given, where a comparison will be made of encoding and decoding messages through Haming's coding matrices and distances.

Introduction: Diabetes is a serious, chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose), or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Raised blood glucose, a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes, may, over time, lead to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. More than 400 million people live with diabetes. Globally, an estimated 422 million adults were living with diabetes in 2014, compared to 108 million in 1980. The global prevalence (age-standardized) of diabetes has nearly doubled since 1980, rising from 4.7% to 8.5% in the adult population.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the health needs and fears among the patients with Diabetes Mellitus especially those who use insulin. Moreover, the purpose was to determine the fears experienced by the patients from the time they were diagnosed and self-management problems.

Methodology: The motivation for doing qualitative research, as opposed to quantitative research, comes from the observation that, if there is one thing, which distinguishes humans from the natural world, it is (our) ability to talk. As qualitative research is involved here, generalizations are not intended. Attention focuses on how a phenomenon is unveiled and the surrounding world is questioned. Sixteen (9 women and 7 men) insulin-dependent patients, expressed their fears and health needs. The recruiting took place in a remote area of Kosova (patients asked not to mention the exact area).

Results: The results showed that patients have a different fears and needs associated with the diagnosis, treatment, and everyday life in the self-management of the disease. Most patients express the needs as wishes. They also point out to expect more nurses in helping them to prevent hypoglycemia, and get more health education concerning diabetes.

Conclusion: Type I Diabetes Mellitus patients expressed their worries about being in the dark concerning health education regarding their disease, psychological needs in their everyday life. There is an immediate need for specialized nurses, since because of their expertise, these specialized nurses should not only educate patients but they should also educate other nurses and even doctors. The importance diabetes nurses place on individualized nursing practice should be reflected throughout the nursing care of diabetes patients.

The paper presents a research on how architectural competitions increase the quality of design. The research is a narrative of information emphasizing both sides of the competition. The committee in charge of preparing the competition together with the client (which can be private or public) and on the other side, the competitor, procedures of taking part in a competition stages that increase design skills.

The paper describes first the importance of creating proper competition brief which is based in quality data and how the data needs to be professionally classified and presented clearly so competitors can easily read the client’s needs. This part is illustrated graphically and textually. And second, the paper describes methodologies how competitors can be more efficient on tackling competitions to maximize results.

The topic addresses the necessity to be active on architectural competitions and what is the conclusion of the research; how all the stages increase design quality based on analytical and design methodologies related to the process of data interpretation.

The purpose of this paper is to examine how Kosovo firms utilize business intelligence to analyze their data and better understand the past, present and the future of their firm. Business intelligence offers firms the ability to analyze large amount of data quicker and more effective. Decision making has become easier with the use of BI tools, but making the right decision at right time has become vital for the firms performance. This research will contribute on business industry by providing evidence how Kosovo firms utilize the BI system, what BI tools and what business values and processes BI offers to the firms.

Printing and publishing industry is currently undergoing a period of transformation caused by powerful technological shifts, leading to a change in the business model of the industry. Instead of being a producing industry, printing is becoming a part of the service industry. The economic situation in the printing industry is difficult. The consequences of competition from digital technologies are a decrease in investment, profit and sales and an increase in operating costs. The changes could not but affect the structure of the industry, its financial performance, the activities of individual companies and their financial situation. Sustainability of the industry was in jeopardy, which requires analysis and development of measures to ensure the successful adaptation of printing companies to changing business conditions. The purpose of this research is to identify opportunities and threats for printing and publishing companies based on investigation organizational and technological trends in the industry and the financial performance of companies. Object of study is constituted by the printing and publishing companies of St. Petersburg. Methods of financial and economic analysis and statistical techniques are used. The conclusions and recommendations made as the result of study may be useful for the heads of particular companies and for the governmental bodies responsible for industrial policy.

The skull is one of the most important elements which serve to protect the human head, and including other organs with the jaw. With this being said, sometimes the skull is not strong enough such as when a baby is born, therefore a condition such as Encephalocele may appear. Encephalocele is a neural tube defect that may appear in Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe, and Anterior meaning the face of an individual. Moreover, the most common case is the Occipital Lobe, which is located in the back of the head, while Parietal in on the top of the head

Prishtina as the capital city of Kosovo is a city that has been continuously developed during different phases and stages and which is still persistent. This development without any exception influenced the development of building sector in general and housing quality as a result of evolving construction solutions and standards. Standards of building quality during different phases represented different approaches and priorities in terms of living comfort.

The purpose of the research is to analyse and structure the building typology of the residential building stock in city of Prishtina. A more detailed structuring of building stock will lead to more efficient solutions to achieve energy efficiency in existing residential buildings but also would offer potential guidelines for upcoming investments for decrement of energy consumption in Kosovo in general.

In this case TABULA approach has been applied to identify and structure the residential building stock in city of Prishtina as one of the most effective approaches in EU countries.

Creation of a database which will contain sufficient technical data for the building stock in city of Prishtina, based on field research and measurements may be considered as an essential platform for Kosovo’s legislation and community of designers and builders on handling the current residential building stock towards higher energy efficiency standards.

Identification as a problem and treatment of the illegal use of land of socially owned property in Kosovo, with the focal point in Prizren, is the fundamental body-content of this study paper. The illegal use and exploitation of socially owned land in Kosovo, respectively the construction of residential, commercial and public buildings (non social property) on the socially owned land, is the core subject elaborated in this study. These constructions are considered illegal since they are performed on socially owned land, without any permit, previous approval, and license or similar and this topic hasn’t been discussed or elaborated much in Kosovo. Land, on which the houses/buildings are constructed, at the cadastral official registers in Municipal Cadastral Offices, even today are registered as social ownership; actually, they are in the name of Socially Owned Enterprises (SOE). Consequently, the users of the land automatically are to be considered as illegal occupants, or illegal users of the property of social ownership.

The violence of war caused the destruction of public records about public and private rights to land and buildings, including the cadastral and court records and the archives of the enterprises that managed the socially owned land, apartments, and other assets. Property maps, cadastral books, possession lists, and transaction document archives, which comprise of the “authoritative” identification about who has what rights to what land and buildings, have been removed to Serbia. In addition, people avoided the formal transaction recording system and carried out transactions informally for several decades due to transaction taxes and the legal prohibition of transactions between Serbs and Albanians. Therefore, in general, the study represents the research of very complex problems of two interactive systems, the land use in the specific state of social ownership and construction of individual buildings in specific illegal status and social /economic implications as consequences.

This article elaborates key aspects of the imagist poetry of twentieth century American poets E. Pound, A. Lowell and H. Doolittle. Twentieth century Imagism belongs to a literary movement in American modern era that is characterized by a tendency to break from the past of traditional literary styles, to a movement that reflects the simplicity, clarity and precision of reflective images. It covers a period from imagism to symbolism, a period of free expression, direct topics as well as images as an exact description. The study remains with highest relevance, despite that there is a wide range of articles, papers, analysis and books about American studies, yet it is a gap in specific topics and authors.

General Hospitals are rankedas a health institutions, according to the Lawon Health, in the group of secondary leveli nstitutions. Their missionis to take careof the health of the population through hospital services provided in accordance with the highest standards. In recent years, court proceedings have been in itiated by patients, health institutions-specifically hospitals, but also from health care staff, including doctors an dnurses. Civil disagreements, with potential financial implications, really jeopardize the financial sustainability of hospitals-even they may evenlead to bankruptcy. Collateral damage to such processes is badimage, also have financially negative impact on institutions, so a multidimensional researchis of public interest but also in iteres health institutions and patients.The research focuses on the document entitled : Legal Guide, drafted by the Management of General Hospital in Peja.The Legal Guide, conceived as an internal document of the General Hospital in Peja. The Legal Guide, conceived as an internal document of the General Hospital in Peja, partof the file of each employe employed in the Hospital of Peja does not have the meaning of a formal legal document. I am committed to keep ingevery employe eaware of the right sand obligations during the exercise of duty. To notify, sensitize and keep attentive to the obligation to practice the profession with in the legal, ethical and moral regulations as well as to be conscious of his rights. Identification of problems in forensicdis put es and consequently the identification of causes as well as possible ways of reducing cases, the level of real violations, the degree of dissatisfaction, the improvement of the quality of the services and consequently the strengthening of the patient-worker mutual trust health, wouldresult in a general public interest.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate physico-chemical parameters as the transport of many anthropogenic pollutants has an impact on this process. Erenik water is very important because it not only causes harmful environmental effects on the bed, but also becomes a significant barrier factor in its downstream and especially in the White Drin.

Samples were taken from the rivers under study, as well as after their meeting, in July 2019 at three stations, and physico-chemical parameters such as: Iron, Manganese, Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrates, Phosphates, Aluminum, Potassium Permanganate Consumption, dissolved oxygen , turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, COD, BOD, etc.

Water samples were analyzed in the physicochemical laboratory, such as: pH-metrics, conductometry, turbidometry, atomic absorption method, spectrophotometric method and classical methods of chemical analysis (volumetry). Water samples were taken in polyethylene plastic bottles that had previously been thoroughly purified with a 1.5dm³ volume, 20 cm below the water surface. The bottles were transferred to a 4ºC hand refrigerator and sent to the laboratory for further analysis.

As the flow of both rivers in the study area is spatially flowing, then the water quality of the rivers is particularly aggravated by the impact of sewage spillage, deposition of urban fertilizers affecting TSS, alkalinity and EC values, as well as COD and BOD. The values of the soluble forms of nitrogen and phosphate indicate that the impact of pollution during the course of the river is determinant in the water pollution of this river.

Interventions for surgical removal of tonsils in children are frequent, especially in school-age children. Since this intervention is done under general anesthesia, the most common event during anesthesia after tonsils removal is cough. In our research we have analyzed the effect of Propofol on reducing the frequency of cough presentation. Cough is a reflex response to the presence of foreign particles and injuries to the respiratory tract.Method: The study has prospective design, investigating the presence of an adverse anesthetic and post-surgical effect during arousal from anesthesia. The study included 240 children aged 3–15 years, operated by the tonsils, all rated ASA 1. Patients were divided into two equal groups, the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group was administered 0.5mg/kg Propofol and the control group 0.1mg/kg sodium chloride. The influence of age and duration of surgery on cough presentation was observed and recorded.The data processing was done with the In Stat 3 statistical package. From statistical parameters calculated the structure index, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values. Testing of qualitative data was done with X2 test and Fisher's exact test, and calculation of quantitative data that did not have normal distribution with Mann-Whitney test The correlation between the two phenomena was made with Spearman's correlation for nonparametric data. Test verification was done with 99.7% confidence level (P <0.01) and 95% confidence level (P <0.05). Results: Out of 120 patients in the study group of 10 or 8.3% presented cough, while from 120 patients of the control group are 23 or 19.2%. With the X2-test we obtained a distinction with the statistical signification of cough by groups presentation. Cough is more common in patients in the control group (X2-test = 5.1, P = 0.024, P <0.05). Conclusion: Administration of the sub-hypnotic dose of Propofol at the end of general anesthesia enables slow waking and few postanesthetic complications such as cough. The age and gender of the surgeons do not affect the incidence of cough presentation while the duration of the surgical intervention is a very important factor

The intense nature of intercultural processes in today's society alters communication at a fundamental level - both in practice and in behavior. Modern socio and psycholinguistic theories call for intercultural discourse to be the key in interpreting social interactions among people in global society. At the same time, it is normal to change the requirements of individual competence, understood as a complex of knowledge, skills and attitudes, allowing the individual to deal effectively with situations that are increasingly determined by cultural differences. This paper points out that the learning process should extend from the teaching individual grammatical structures and theoretical knowledge to the promotion of communication skills and the acquisition of intercultural dialogue skills.

Biometrics is evolving every day more and more in technical sense and consequently faces with further challenges that become sharper. One of these challenges of is gender recognition that finds very important and key applications. In this paper, we consider the gender recognition process implemented through the Cosfire filter applied through Viola-Jones algorithm and simulated through the Matlab platform. Objective of this paper is improving the execution of gender recognition. The database contains 237 images of 128 to 128 pixels, where 128 are males and 109 are females. For each of them, gender recognition is performed by applying current and improved Viola-Jones algorithm and execution time for each of them is measured. Consequently, it is noticed that the execution time in the case of modified algorithm is lower than the first version. The change consists in intervening in recursive filtering by duplicating it. Furthermore, data obtained from both algorithms in question are processed through the Shape-Preserving Regression - PCHIP regression by giving respective equations and the coefficients of the determination and the respective residual plots performed by Matlab simulation test-bench. Recommendations can be issued in context of further execution time reduction of Viola-Jones algorithm applied on gender recognition.

The education system is built on the concept that it should work for all citizens of the country without distinction. This right of every citizen to be a part of the education system, in accordance with the age and conditions set forth, in the states with constitutional and respect for human rights, is a constitutional and legal category. With more interest and importance, inclusion in the education system, this right goes even further, being a category of human rights. The concept of inclusion as a value that is always intended to be improved and reformed, is also regulated in the education system of the Republic of Kosovo starting from the highest legal act The Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo and the relevant legislation which foresees it in every mechanism. . As part of policy-making and legislation, this right in Kosovo is present within policies, legislation, and educational mechanisms, where implementation and enforcement is a challenge.

What this paper will address will be the concept of inclusion in the education system as a concept of law within the state, as a human rights law and the rest of how this law is regulated in the Republic. of Kosovo as a right within the framework of legislation and to what extent it applies as a right within human rights. From what will be reflected in this paper, it will be precisely identified that inclusion in the education system is regulated in the Republic of Kosovo, how much legislation is implemented and implemented in this field, and that it is respected as a human rights category. This will reflect, for the first time, on how closely the state of the Republic of Kosovo stands in all inclusion in the education system.

Through this paper is i would like to address the issue of information security risk management as well as how organizations perceive risk. During the work I did not make any significant difference from how local organizations or companies in Kosovo operate alongside international ones; this is because there is little difference in the way they operate. In Kosovo as well as internationally, organizations are at risk of perhaps the same nature, except for the probability that they may be greater based on the nature of the organization and the global perception that our institutions and organizations have in our country. In addition, this paper will elaborate on the risk management process, the steps and considerations that must be taken into account to consider that proper and necessary information security management is in place. The forms and ways that are considered appropriate risk management practices in the information and security industry will be discussed.

Performance management is important for an organization. In a top-down perspective, it emphasizes the strategic alignment of the agency's thrusts with the day-to-day operation. Also, from a bottom-up approach, it aligns and optimizes individual performance with the common goal of the group. This paper examined the extent of school heads’ implementation of the Results-based Performance Management System (RPMS) as performance management mechanism in the Department of Education (DepEd). It focused on the 61 school heads and 271 teaching personnel of Bayawan City Division, Negros Oriental, Philippines for SY 2018-2019. It utilized the descriptive, comparative, and correlational methods of research in the sense that the extent of school heads’ implementation of goal setting, monitoring and feedbacking practices was surveyed and the results were related to teachers’ job performance. The extent of implementation of the RPMS was measured in terms of the following phases: a) planning and commitment, b) monitoring and coaching, c) review and evaluation, and d) rewards and developmental planning. The study used a researcher-made questionnaire divided into three parts, namely: 1) profile of the respondents, 2) extent of implementation of the RPMS, and 3) job performance of the teachers. The study revealed that there is a very great extent of goal setting, monitoring and feedbacking practices as respectively assessed by both the school heads and teachers in all RPMS areas: a) planning and commitment (wx̄=4.49 and wx̄=4.47), b) monitoring and coaching (wx̄=4.43 and wx̄=4.44), c) review and evaluation (wx̄=4.43 and wx̄=4.47), and d) rewards and developmental planning (wx̄=4.38 and wx̄=4.45). There were also significant difference shown in the extent of school heads’ performance management mechanisms and teachers’ job performance when the former and the latter are grouped according to their profile items as to length of experience, educational attainment and position held. It concluded that there is a strong and significant relationship between the extent of performance management mechanisms and teachers’ job performance as all the values of r_s fall in the “strong relationship” category. In addition, all computed p-values are less than the level of significance (0.05).

Stock exchanges are constantly prone to instability caused by asset bubbles. Risk level within the stock exchanges stands as the main concern for the financial in-vestors. Stock prices are influenced by the choices completed on the domestic and international environment. The study intends to measure the risk level of the Pra-gue Stock Exchange (PSE) from the internal risk perspectives. Portfolio diversi-fication formula has been implemented to obtain the risk level of the PSE from 2000 till 2017. Stock prices and the trade volume of the listed companies in the PSE were collected from the Thomson Reuters Eikon database. PSE has been considered as a portfolio based on the number of listed companies on the respec-tive years. The results confirm that financial investors in the PSE would be com-pensated for the risk exposure. Diversification risk and weighted average returns from 2000 till 2017 were almost moving identically. The results indicate that PSE was influenced from the last financial crises of 2008, confirmed from a decline in the weighted average returns and an increase in the diversification risk. The re-sults of the study stand in line with the theoretical paradigms that increase in the number of stocks that reduces the `diversification.

The purpose of this study is to identify the genesis of jazz guitar in Kosovo and the development of the different jazz guitar styles since the first jazz groups in Kosovo.

The study points out the different guitarists, techniques, styles while also mentioning and analyzing the different songs and albums that are associated with the work of these guitarists.

After this categorization of the different types of work in jazz guitar work explores the differences and similarities between the other forms of jazz guitar in USA and Europe within the same time periods where these guitarists are active.

The aim of this study was to discuss the level of progesterone and prolactin during the development of normal pregnancy and determine the report of progesterone and prolactine level with pregnant women and non-pregnant women. Material and methods: In this study are included 60 women with normal pregnancy (group N) and 60 non-pregnant women (groups S). In both groups blood samples were taken from cubital veins and determination of progesterone and prolactin concentration. Group N (n= 60 ) was selected in prospective way by eliminating from the study all the patients with pregnancy pathology. Group S (n= 60) was selected in prospective way by eliminating from the study the pathology of endocrine system. Results: First results showed that the level of progesterone in significant way is raised during the pregnancy (t= t= 2.589, P=o.o406 p< o.o5). Prolactin is raised in significant way during the development of pregnancy. (t= 3.174, p 0.0252, p< 0.05 ). While comparing the progesterone values with pregnant and non-pregnant women, we have ascertained that the level of progesterone in significant way was higher with pregnant women (q= 10.707, p< 0.001). While comparing the prolactin values with pregnant and non-pregnant women, we have ascertained that the level of prolactin in significant way was higher with pregnant women (q=11.451, P < 0.001). Discussion: The level of progesterone is raised due to development of placenta during pregnancy and increase of fetal area of suprarenal gland of fetus. The level of prolactin during pregnancy is raised due to effective stimulated placental steroids, estrogens, and rilizing tiretrop hormone in hypothalamus on one side and due to presence of prolactin decidul during pregnancy. Conclude: We conclude that the level of prolactin and progesterone is raised in significant way during the development of pregnancy. The values of progesterone and prolactin at pregnancy are raised in significant way comparing with non-pregnant women.

Hyperprolactinemia is endocrinology disorder of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis-gonade which manifests with high reproductive menstrual disorders and infertility.The purpose of the paper was to analyze the incidence of menstrual reproductive disorders (amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, polimenorrhea) and galacthorrhea in to hyperprolactinemia. Material and methods The study included 125 patients. In group N (with hyperprolactinemia) included 35 women with menstrual disorders, galactorrhea and infertility. In group K (with normoprolactinemia) included 90 women with menstrual disorders, galactorrhea and infertility. Results The incidence of hyperprolactinemia N group was 28 % (hyperprolactinemia = 44.77 ng/ml) compared with group K with 72 % incidence (Hyperprolactinemia=8.83 ng/ml), which is statistical significance p <0.0001. Amanorrhea incidence N group was 25.71 % (prolactenemia=74.49 ng/ml) compared to group amanorrhea K values 5.56 % and frequency prolactenemia 14.22 ng/ml is with statistical significance p <0.0001. Oligomenorrhea incidence N group was 20 % compared with the incidence of oligomenorrhea K groups with 7.78 % incidence. Polimenorrhea N group is presented with 11.43 % incidence compared with the group K with 3.33 % incidence. Galactorrhea shown incidence 34.29 % (prolactinemia =64.49 ng/ml) N group compared to the values of K group with the incidence of 3.33 % and (prolactenemia =15.06 ng/ml) that is with statistical signifikanc p <0.0001. Statistical analyses are made through the paired t-test and unpaired t-test. Conclusion Menstrual disorders fertility (amenorrhea, oligomenorhea, polimenorrhea) and galactorrhea are measured with high incidence and statistical signifikance hyperprolactinemia compared with control group (normoprolactinemia).

Hyperprolactinemia is endocrinology disorder of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis-gonade which manifests with high reproductive menstrual disorders and infertility.The purpose of the paper was to analyze the incidence of menstrual reproductive disorders (amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, polimenorrhea) and galacthorrhea in to hyperprolactinemia. Material and methods The study included 125 patients. In group N (with hyperprolactinemia) included 35 women with menstrual disorders, galactorrhea and infertility. In group K (with normoprolactinemia) included 90 women with menstrual disorders, galactorrhea and infertility. Results The incidence of hyperprolactinemia N group was 28 % (hyperprolactinemia = 44.77 ng/ml) compared with group K with 72 % incidence (Hyperprolactinemia=8.83 ng/ml), which is statistical significance p <0.0001. Amanorrhea incidence N group was 25.71 % (prolactenemia=74.49 ng/ml) compared to group amanorrhea K values 5.56 % and frequency prolactenemia 14.22 ng/ml is with statistical significance p <0.0001. Oligomenorrhea incidence N group was 20 % compared with the incidence of oligomenorrhea K groups with 7.78 % incidence. Polimenorrhea N group is presented with 11.43 % incidence compared with the group K with 3.33 % incidence. Galactorrhea shown incidence 34.29 % (prolactinemia =64.49 ng/ml) N group compared to the values of K group with the incidence of 3.33 % and (prolactenemia =15.06 ng/ml) that is with statistical signifikanc p <0.0001. Statistical analyses are made through the paired t-test and unpaired t-test. Conclusion Menstrual disorders fertility (amenorrhea, oligomenorhea, polimenorrhea) and galactorrhea are measured with high incidence and statistical signifikance hyperprolactinemia compared with control group (normoprolactinemia).

Machine Learning is one of the most impactful technology of our era. Increasingly powerful computers harnessed to algorithms refined over the past decade are driving an explosion of applications in everything from medical physics to materials. In this paper we are going to present how to use machine learning to analyse election campaigns. Our focus is on using natural language processing, especially sentimental analysis and text classification to analyse public posts of running candidates. As a case study, we will use a dataset of public tweets written in the English language, by a group of selected politicians. We will classify these tweets in three categories: Positive, Neutral and Negative by using classification algorithms. Since we are experiencing government elections in our country we will analyse how the sentiment of tweets by candidates is changing before and after elections. We will also analyse the correlation between the sentiments of tweets with the reaction they get from social media. The purpose of the presentation is to encourage social scientists to start using machine learning as an important tool for analysing election campaigns and their impact on public presentation of politicians.

Background Mental health problems among youth are frequent especially in offenders and as such is very important to identify as early as possible.

Objectives To estimate and compare level of some mental health problems between three group of male youths: juvenile offenders in correctional centre, adolescents with conduct problems and university students .

Method It is cross-sectional quantitative study. The sample consisted ofthree male groups : 41offenders placed in one Correctional Centre (Mage = 18.02; SD = 2.20); 41 male students of secondary school with conduct problems (Mage = 16.97; SD = .61) and 42 male university students randomly selected (Mage = 19.7; SD = 1.77). They filled questionaire MAYSI–2 (Grisso & Barnum, 2001).Data processing was done with SPSS 21.0 and Microsoft Excel 2013.

Results Juvenile offenders in correctional centre scored significantly higher than other two groups of youth in Alcohol/Substance abuse subscale (p=.001), Suicidal ideation subscale (p=.048) and Traumatic stress subscale (p=.003) based on Kruskal-Wallis Test. Juvenile offenders in correctional centre scored higher but nonsignificantly in Angry/Irritabile and Depression/Anxyous subscales. Students of secondary school with conduct problems scored higher but nonsignificantly in Thought disturbance and Somatic subscales.

Conclusion Male juvenile offenders have significantly more mental heath difficulties. Mental health needs of youths in Kosovo (especially juvenile offenders) seems to benumerous and is important to be addressed properly.

In his paper we will explore the the relationship between conceptual art and music composition and performance within a specific work of art that combines both mediums.

The Artwork by Gazmend Ejupi deals with the idea of staged musical performance between a written composition and a staged performance of the composition as a form of organized “dance” like composition that is seen in the form of “musical direction’ via a conductor and a pack of dogs.

Different issues regarding the combination of the two mediums are discussed and especially the definition of how to write such a musical/visual score with the most adequate movement notation system.

The investigation musical expertise has on cognitive and executive functions have long been a research interest in neuroscience of music. However, few studies adopted an experimental approach to further investigate the domain. This paper aims to fill current research gaps by proposing that musical expertise trains three important executive functions: selective attention, cognitive conflict resolution and inhibition. By using a computerized form of assessment, we aim to detangle the performance of non-musicians and musicians on the computerized tests that measure executive functions.

The rapid growth of technology meant an increase in the quality of life. In other hand with a rapid growth of technology there is a rapid growth of environmental problems. In 2018, approximately 50 million tons’ e-waste is generated. A few year-old electronic product lives became suddenly short. This brings to an explosion and rapid acceleration in producing e-waste and solid waste. Waste and problems that they bring such as environmental and ecological problems are currently one of the biggest problems of the modern world. One of the solutions is to raise the awareness among people about the consequences of their actions. In this paper new approach of treating scrap-e-waste to educate a new generations in order to change their behavior regarding scrap is presented through few examples of automated systems! New approach of recycling scrap, is a starting point on how we can reuse scrap, and how we can start from individual level to contribute in reduction of scrap. In same time recycling is used to combine theoretical part with a practical one, to help a younger generation to analyze, design, control and build automated systems that could be used as a solution for everyday needs!

Every change is difficult for every organizational type of company. Globally, the telecom industry and Kosovo Telecom is subject to a tremendous change such as deregulation, technological advancement, new legislative requirements as well as organizational structuring. As the industry has witnessed unprecedented changes during the past years, the changing process was even more difficult in Kosovo Telecom, as Publicly Owned Company (POE). These changes often damaged employees’ commitment and loyalty created within the company for many years, hence making the employees not to share the common understanding of changing processes and orientation of internal structures.

This paper analyses the employee’s loyalty and commitment in Kosovo Telecom and seeks to understand the importance of employee’s loyalty and commitment in process of current and future organizational changes. In order to understand the changes of loyalty and commitment of Kosovo Telecom employees, over the years, this paper employs the similar demography, methodology and approach that is used by author in 2013 survey in main telecommunication companies in Kosovo. Derived results might allow Kosovo Telecom to understand whether recent organizational changes were in line with employee sentiment towards the organization, market, privatization and its activities on market and customer orientation. Moreover, conclusions and recommendations might be worthy for Kosovo Telecom in future moves. However, as the paper is seen only from employee’s perspective, further research is suggested from management and/or shareholder perspective too.

“Pezull" is student initiated startup business which is based on creating products inspired by the ideas of transparency and illusion. The idea started with the need to solve a problem, inspired by the saying “design is the solution.” In Kosovo, there is a feeling that a lot of things are done secretly and this brings about a lack of transparency. But transparency brings courage, confidence, intimacy and comfort. This initial inspiration served a starting point for our first product, a bag. It was chosen as the most personal product to suit all personalities. The transparent bag, thus, symbolizes courage and fits in with every aspect of the concept for our business and artistic plan.

This scientific paper deals with the types of communicating of media with their audiences through photography. As an expressive form of communication, photography reaches to attract attention and influences to create opinion on the events reported by the media. It is not just a companion of text, but one of the main components of the message structure that conveys the media content to the citizens. In this context the focus will be specifically on the theoretical aspect, from the clarification of the notion of photography in the media and its history, as well as the analysis of concrete cases of impact of photographs from important events in different political and cultural realities. The influence and role of photography becomes more and more important, especially in the period when audiences require information through shorter texts. The photography in such cases brings vivid images of occurrences and phenomena, which often show reality without even saying a single word.

Background In an effort to fully analyse and understand the HCV situation and its epidemiology in Kosovo, a multilateral collaboration between different local and international institutions resulted in the establishment of an effective second-generation surveillance (SGS) system for HIV/AIDS between 2006 and 2018 in accordance with the published guidelines. The goal of the Integrated Biological and Behavioural Survey 2018 was to gather strategic information regarding Second Generation of HIV surveillance for better advocacy, planning, and design of future prevention programs.

Methods A mapping exercise was initially conducted in 2016 for size estimations of the key populations: people who inject drugs (PWIDs), followed by an Integrated Behavioral and Biological Surveillance in 19 selected cities across Kosovo.

Results A total number of 458 PWID were interviewed from 6 different municipalities during the study period. Following are the key findings:

• · Of the 458 PWIDs who participated in the study, 399 (87%) were males, while only 59 females were interviewed.
• · The average age was 32.7 ± 9.2 years, with approximately half of the PWIDs up to 30 years old.
• · The average monthly income for all PWID was reported to be 299 ± 298 euros.
• · Average age when they started injecting drugs was 21.7 years. Females at a slighter younger age in comparison to males.
• · Nearly half of the PWIDs surveyed (46.5%) reported injecting once daily with no significant differences between males and females.
• · Streets, Homes and shooting galleries were the most common places where participating PWID injected.
• · Less than 20% of PWID reported sharing syringes or any of the injecting equipment; friends being the most common people whom they shared with.
• · Heroine (67.5%) and methadone (71.6%) were the most common drugs injected in the last 6 months.
• · Nearly 90% of the PWID interviewed informed that they injected at least twice a day
• · A high proportion (97.6%) reported use of a new/sterile syringe for the last injection.
• · Thirty-three percent informed that they overdosed themselves with drugs to the point of losing consciousness, while 24% were treated in a hospital/medical centre.
• · Nearly half of the PWID informed that they had been ever treated for drug addiction.
• · Average age at first sexual intercourse was reported to be 16.4 ± 1.9 years.
• · Overall 77% PWID informed that they hadn’t had sex in the last 6 months.
• · Nearly 6% PWID reported having sex with a sex worker in the last 6 months.
• · The average number of sex partners was reported to be 2.0 ±1.7 in the last six months.
• · Only 14.7% always used a condom (lower in female PWID (9.5%), while 43% rarely or never used a condom.
• · Nearly 10% informed that they sold sex for money.
• · A very high proportion of PWIDs had the correct knowledge of sexual transmission and sharp instruments as the routes of HIV transmission however very few knew that used syringes (19%) could spread HIV
• · Nearly 70% knew a place to get tested for HIV, while 63% got tested, and 96% of those who got tested knew their test results.
• · Almost 80% knew of HIV prevention programs and services in their area, while nearly two-thirds actually utilized them.
• · Program Services mostly utilized were free syringes (48%), counselling and education (36.5%) and VCT for HIV (24%).
• · None of the PWID who participated in the study were tested positive for HIV
• · HCV testing showed an overall prevalence of 23.8%, with varying prevalence rates among Municipalities, which ranged between 50% in Mitrovice to 17.3% in Ferizaj. Conclusions Results of HCV testing showed an overall prevalence of 23.8%, with varying prevalence rates among Municipalities, which ranged between 50% in Mitrovice to 17.3% in Ferizaj. The results of HCV testing does hint to the parenteral transmission of HCV which is due to sharing of syringes and injecting equipment.

The higher standard of life has also raised the market demand for variety of products while impacting the producers’ behavior in regards to marketing. One of the ways the producers offer and present to customers their products is through label advertising. Raised awareness among customers has made possible the demand for higher quality products, but are higher quality products being offered to citizens? This research has analyzed the food legislative framework, food product samples were analyzed, few local and international food shops were visited, and one to one interviews were conducted with consumers. Based on the results of the research, much remains to be desired from what is offered to the citizens by the producers, in the advertising label products they put tempting pictures for the consumer to buy the product, but not the true makeup of the product.

This project-oriented work, is a pre-feasibility study of a pico-hydraulics plant, which has to be installed on an appropriate structure in UBTUniversity for Business and Technology at Pristina, the capital of Kosovo. It begins with the structural analysis of the designed laboratory, moving on through to the technical-economic study of the individual components, concluding with the definition of its effectiveness, based on the actual data of the plant. The purpose of the plant comes from the idea of fully exploiting the energy available in a public building, with special regard to what is daily discarded without being exploited. It will be analyzed the feasibility and the convenience of the recovery of the grey water potential energy from buildings of considerable height (100 – 200 meters) through a hydraulic turbine.

Many manufacturing enterprises often use promotion mix and its components to advance their product-related strategy and objectives. Promotion mix represents one of the most direct and media related marketing component that connects enterprises with its consumers and buyers.

The enterprise – consumer connection from promotion mix is achieved through six main elements: advertising, direct marketing, interactive marketing, public relations and publicity, personal sales, and sales promotion.

The aim of this research paper is to analyse the impact that promotion mix has in consumers decision making of beverage manufacturing enterprises in Kosovo, based on each of its component individually or in combination. The research is based in primary data collection and analysis. The data were collected through questionnaires conducted with 380 consumers and buyers of various beverage manufacturing enterprises in Kosovo.

In order to achieve the purpose of this research, the data were analysed using T-test model and were interpreted with empirical methods applying specific statistical data analysis software.

The main results of this research show a hypothetical link between consumption and promotion. They indicate the importance of each element of promotion mix from consumer and buyer perspective of beverage manufacturing enterprises in Kosovo that were used in the sample. Buyers evaluated 71.9% as satisfactory the promotion mix that enterprises elect for their beverage products.

One of the most authentic (in Heidegger’s sense) and diffusive manifestations is hidden in signifier PUNK. PUNK is not only a genre of a revolted youth but also embodies a more complex sentiment of thinkability. This paper will attempt to identify the neuralgic points of PUNK history as >>Deterritorialization << (Deleuze, Guattari 2009) network of the amalgam between thinking and manifestation. PUNK being one of the main cultural phenomena has often been misunderstood and misinterpreted but this paper will attempt to summarize all the main thinkers who have contemplated what is known as PUNK. Thinkers like: Mark Fisher, Nick Land, and Simon Reynolds in conceptual conversation with thinkers such as Nietzsche, Heidegger, Deleuze, Attali, and Spengler. Another dimension of the treatment that this paper will have is the exclusively aesthetic where two of the fundamental points in PUNK's thinking >>amateurism<< and >>nihilism<< will be stressed as a rejection of virtuosity and authority.

Radio continues to be empowered by its characteristic values as dynamic media and easily adapted to new technologies of 21 century. But, in Kosovo, radio is losing its audiences and impact it has had in previous decades. Through the questionnaire based research, we examine the reasons why audiences are losing their interest for radio and offer the alternative solutions for reinstatement of radio power in the era of multi-platform media. This paper argues that radio in Kosovo is losing its audiences because it is not producing content and is not using broadcasting platforms in accordance with audience fragmentation and the creation of new web audiences.

Among the various possible applications for a reformed methanol fuel cell, in addition to the portable generation in remote areas and military use, the use in the automotive field is interesting and promising. RMFC is used as "range extender" in battery-powered electric vehicles. This would increase the driving autonomy of the electric vehicle making it no longer strictly dependent on the capacities of today's batteries, eliminating the problems associated with them, such as the battery pack weight and overall dimensions. Besides, they need for recharge to short-term and are characterized by very high hazard in the event of a car accident (today's lithium ion batteries - if heavily damaged - tend to generate fires difficult to extinguish). In this paper the possibility to design and realize an onboard plant has been studied and evaluated. The various characteristics of the cells are analyzed and a first preliminary system is studied in all its components. The next steps, in addition to optimizing the plant, will be to evaluate the economic feasibility and the various systems of methanol supply.

Emigration plays a fundamental role in shaping the economic, social, and political developments in the Kosovo. In fact, in the last decades, no other phenomenon has influenced the country more than emigration. Even in the case of best social-economic scenarios for the near future, it is reasonable to assume that emigration will persist, as shown in examples of other European countries, where emigration, once started, lasted for decades or even centuries. A new strategic vision for the country's development must be defined, which must imply the shifting from the consumption growth model financed by remittances and building a model based on investments, exports, and innovations. This strategy must maximize the positive impact of remittances, on development, and limit their negative impact.

Fruit juice is an important product for humans as it is rich in minerals and vitamins.

Development of quantitative and qualitative parameters, respecting all criteria and regulations set by laws for the production and processing of qualitative fluids.

The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of cherry fruit juices in Gjilan/Gnjilane, where the analyzes were carried out by the production company, respecting the standards and methods set by the European Union.

Juice samples were taken at the Juice Factory "Frutomania" and "Jaffa" in Gjilan. for analysis fruit juices were selected. In the aforementioned product juices the physico-chemical properties were determined in periods of 3 to 6 months.

Sampling was done according to the method of Codex Alimentarius

For the determination of sugar and pH and vitamin C, a sample was taken for analysis.

Total sugar 14.68%, while pH 2.89. vitamin C 7.42, mg / lit, fruit juices are obtained by squeezing the fruit by removing the inedible parts of “Frutamanija”, by Fludi “Jaffa” in syrup in the concentrate content brix / sugar value 8.5 and pH 2.79 vitamins C 8.8 mg / lit.

RpL35/uL29 is member of large subunits. It is shown that RpL35/uL29 participate in different processes in diseases and development. It is shown that RpL35/uL29 is important for ribosome mature. Many authors show that RpL35/uL29 is good indicator for diagnosis. Here we will described role and function of ribosomal protein RpL35/uL29 in different cancer diseases such as colorectal adenocarcinoma and atherosclerosis.

We are constantly informed of traffic accidents with fatal consequences, injuries and material damages, and thus people's lives are transformed into statistics, figures and graphs. We can conclude that fatalities on road traffic accidents reach a high level of serious consequences for family members, society and the state.

For the normal and safe development of traffic, there must be the necessary infrastructure, and when it comes to infrastructure we do not mean only the roads, but any physical object and system that directly or indirectly provides services in the interest of the general public, implying also the legal infrastructure that was lacking especially after 1998 and which still continues to be incomplete.

The number of fatal accidents is disturbing. Based on the statistics, Prishtina region leads with 31% of fatal accidents in comparison with other regions. In terms of the number of accidents with injuries, Prishtina region leads with 34.4%, while in number of accidents with material damage, leads with 48.1% compared to other regions. Road traffic fatalities are tragic cases, and based on numerous statistics and analysis worldwide, every year millions of people lose their lives and suffer injuries (figures range from 1.2 up to 1.3 million people in the world every year).

Based on the statistics of the Kosovo Police, it is clear that they are doing a professional job, but during the analysis of statistics and the conversation (survey method) with persons who bear the burden of responsibility in this area, there is an immediate need for health and life insurance, because we have no analysis of how many injured people have remained paralyzed or with severe health problems.

This issue remains to be analyzed in other periods, but it has been noted as a defect of our institutions that need to plan ahead and take stricter measures to prevent road traffic accidents.

This paper treats procedure of issuing a permit on use of category I building, statistics from municipal archive data and the method of awareness raising programs for the importance of possessing permit on use for this construction category.

Paper also aims to show the current procedures of getting permit on use for the 1st category of construction (low hazardous buildings),

I addition, paper shows exact number of certificates of use in the Municipality of Pristina since 2001, until 2019, the importance of possessing the certificate of use as well as the citizen awareness method for initiating the procedure for getting permit on use. Furthermore, paper treats and analyses risk and consequences faced for safety and security of users (inhabitants) at the building that did not passed through process of verification and final control before issuing permit on use.

Since the end of the 1980s, there have been several initiatives to control and manage IT environments. ITIL is one of the more successful models, COBIT another. However, thanks to the IP protocol and Internet, since mid-2000 the world has seen a veritable data explosion, affecting IT governance. Some predictions expect current data volumes to grow more than 10 times till 2020, having serious implications both from governance and security perspectives. Additionally, we see some new EU regulations, i.e., Network and Information Security Directive (NIS) and General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), implemented in May 2018. The latter two will directly affect the scope of IT governance within the European Union and for non-European entities handling EU Citizen’s personal data, with substantial fines if not complying. Both regulations forces anyone handling such data to consider information strategies that include big data management, governance, and information security as a convoluted context. Particularly, GDPR make them to related questions, a governance package. This creates a need for a paradigm shift to remediate/mitigate identified limitations in today’s traditional governance models. This article discusses governance from a holistic perspective, based on the data flow, as per the requirements of GDPR. These are the issues which were not envisioned when today’s governance models were designed in the late 1980s or early 1990s.

In this scientific work are presented basic characteristics of the seismicity of Kosovo, for the period 2008 to 2014 with emphasis on the most active regions. The territory of Kosovo is characterized by a relatively high seismic activity. Compilation, study and updating of earthquake data was made in order to define intensity distribution for territory of Kosovo, which will provide a basis for determination of the main characteristics of the seismicity in territory of Kosovo. These investigations have great significance from scientific and applied aspect and provide reliable of Kosovo seismicity. Results can be used as input for further investigations in the field of seismic hazard, risk assessment, engineering seismology as well for physical and urban land use planning and design in seismic prone areas.

Logistics continuously expands its application areas. In modern conditions, there is a need to apply logistics in areas not related to its traditional applications such as military and business spheres, resulting in the identification of a third area with the name social logistics. For the purposes of this paper, a number of scientific approaches and methods have been applied, such as system approach, comparative analysis, critical analysis, synthesis and others. Social logistics aims to introduce a social (human) factor into the systems and to apply logistic principles and methods in solving the problems of society. Social logistics can be defined as a set of actions that ensure the effective functioning of social systems (such as a set of social phenomena, processes and subjects), applying the principles of logistics. Also important for social aspects of logistics is the development of socially oriented business logistics, which is based on the application of corporate social responsibility.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the characteristics and importance of social logistics and socially oriented logistics, to define the concept of social logistics, and to outline its areas of application in the public sphere.

Contemporary problems and relations between economic and social sphere have different expressions in community life influenced by national peculiarities and global trends. The specific issue of labor market development is put in the focus of a number of strategic documents because through employment and unemployment it is directly connected to human well-being which in turn is the main target of social policies. Current study analyzes the problems of employment and unemployment, and vulnerable groups on the labor market in particular, considering the development of labor market in Bulgaria and corresponding policies rendering impact on it. Recommendations are provided regarding the instruments of social policies, their economic and social effectiveness, flexibility and security, paying special attention to the project approach application through social programming for sustainable employment.

In this study we focus on solving critical sustainability issues of climate change in interior design processes through developing concepts inspired by nature (biomimicry). We will explore concepts in design processes by studying the imitation of nature’s patterns and strategies to improve human inventions to help us create sustainable solutions to contemporary problems in design education.

While designing, designers always search for innovative and sustainable concepts forgetting that nature is a design 3.5 billion years in the making. Nature has already figured out which strategies work best and this can be our basic inspiration and concept starter as designers. In this respect, the study searches and analyzes nature based design processes.

Monitoring environment changes has become a necessity as a result of current environment deteriorating due to natural and human activities. Acquiring information concerning the spatial and dynamic changes for a rapit vegetation monitoring is not easy. Therefore the present study provides monitoring of the spatial vegetation changes using geospatial technologies such as Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS). In order to monitor and evaluate the spatial vegetation change, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) technique will be employed. The NDVI technique involves the use of remote sensed data in two time series, annually (2000 and 2018) extracted from Landsat satellites. The NDVI technique can be employed for monitoring vegetation cover and it’s values range from -1 (barren area of rock) to 1 (dense vegetation). The performed results in the study will be for 2000 and 2018 for a specific part of Mitrovica, Kosova. The validation of results were made through field checks. The present study has demonstrated that the vegetation was changed rapidly, in the last years. Furthermore, the study will answer to the many questions for spatial and temporal vegetation changes in Mitrovica and its change ratio as well..

Monitoring of environmental changes has become a necessity owing to the current deteriorations, which come as a result of both natural and human activities. Acquiring information concerning the spatial and dynamic changes for a rapit vegetation monitoring is not easy. Therefore the present study provides monitoring of the spatial vegetation changes using geospatial technologies such as Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS). In order to monitor and evaluate the spatial vegetation change, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) technique will be employed. The NDVI technique involves the use of remote sensed data in two time series, annually (2000 and 2018) extracted from Landsat satellites. The NDVI technique can be employed for monitoring vegetation cover and it’s values range from -1 (barren area of rock) to 1 (dense vegetation). The performed results in the study will be for 2000 and 2018 for a specific part of Mitrovica, Kosova. The has been carried out by making terrain visits. The outcomes of this study hasve revealed that the vegetation has been subject to a rapid change in the last years. Furthermore, the study will answer to the many questions for spatial and temporal vegetation changes in Mitrovica and its change ratio as well.

This paper postulates that design since its beginnings was intertwined with the art of storytelling, both directly or indirectly. Evolution of storytelling forms are explored, beginning with stories around the fireplace, and continuing with the ones such as the dramatic arts, literature, animation, film, more conceptual designs, advertisements as well as other artforms of visual storytelling. Storytelling compared to Walter Benjamin’s concept of the “aura” discussed in “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction”. The connection between storytelling and design is explored in various contemporary media such as video games, fashion shows, and all the way to modern advertising campaigns, all of which use story elements as the main scaffold upon which the design is built upon.

Temporal analysis is very useful and important for digital forensics for reconstructing the timeline of digital events. Forgery of a file's timestamp can lead to inconsistencies in the overall temporal relationship, making it difficult to analyze the timeline in reconstructing actions or events and the results of the analysis might not be reliable. The purpose of the timestamp change is to hide the data in a steganographic way, and the other purpose is for anti-forensics. In both cases, the time stamp change tools are requested to use. In this paper, we propose a classification method based on the behavior of the timestamp change tools. The timestamp change tools are categorized three types according to patterns of the changed timestamps after using the tools. By analyzing the changed timestamps, it can be decided what kind of tool is used. And we show that the three types of the patterns are closely related to API functions which are used to develop the tools.

The styles of learning have a tendency to guide the styles of teaching, counselling and communication in relation teacher-student. The way that students get information from teachers, books, the internet and their interpretation, depends on their preferences which are different.

The purpose: Evaluating Student Opinions and Identifying Diversity to Students regarding their Knowledge and Implementation on the Style of Learning and Learning in the Nursing Study Program at the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Gjakova "FehmiAgani" and at the "FAMA" College in Prishtina.

Methodology: The population of this study was 80 students in the second academic year (40 students per institution) of the aged 20-25, conducted in the january - february 2019.

Results: Approximately half of the students don’t study everyday, 32.5% study a little every week, while 28.7% declared that they study just before the exam. For the memorization of a certain chapter, 43.7% declared that they are not ready to talk on the next day about the chapter. 76.2% that they focus more on the pictures then on the text and they do it only to pass the time. 37.5% declared that they can’t express their knowledge during lesson time because some of the teachers don’t offer that opportunity.

Conclusions:The learning style of students at the two institutions is of an auditive and practical type. Basedon the measurements the studentsbelong to the "concrete" group. Helpingyoungpeople to identify the waystheylearnbetterand be offered them the opportunity to use all the sensesandintelligenceisoneof the challengesofpolicy-makingstrategiesforteaching in educationalinstitutions.

This work has been done for the purpose of new medicine or drug identification which should substitute many antibiotics from which nowadays many bacteria are developing immunity. Therefore, the main purpose of this work has been the synthesis of some new components which would contribute at some point in our country as well. Acrylic acid (IUPAC: propenoic acid) is an organic compound with the formula CH₂=CHCOOH. It is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus. This colorless liquid has a characteristic acrid or tart smell. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. While the carbamoyl derivatives are the univalent carboacyl group formed by loss of -OH from the carboxy group of carbamic acid. We have used derivatives of various heterocyclic compounds such as amine and maleic anhydride to synthesized dhe carbamoyl derivatives of acrilic acid.

The making of this work has been done in three phases: In the first part we will summaries some of the most important recent research, in the part of new carbamoyl derivatives of acrylic acid. İn the second part we will have given the results of our research which contain the new component synthesis whose structure will be defined according to spectral data: IR, ¹HNMR, and ¹³CNMR. İn the third part we will describe in detail the experimental conditions of new components synthesis and their spectroscopic properties.

There is an age-old question of whether design is art or science. Science and art are developing every day. When design is examined in this sense, it could be said that it is a bridge that brings together two different disciplines, both science and art. Science has a special role in fashion and textile design development. In addition to natural fibers, there is now a wide variety of synthetics on the shelves. Thus we have more fabric types than ever before. With the development of science and the resulting advances in technology, the designs which were previously designed but could not be implemented due to incompetent methods, now have started to be applied by using these new methods. In this way the number of non-applicable designs has gradually decreased. Today, the goal of textile designers is not only to design fabrics, but also through science enable designers create more daring and perfect designs. Technological processes used in textile design also play an important role in fashion design. Concepts such as technological textiles, nano-technology fabrics, smart textiles, renewable fabrics are being used in textile and fashion design, resulting in innovative and bold designs.

This is a survey study that determines the Albanian teachers' attitudes toward multicultural education and the participants of the study were 50 teachers who are teaching different subjects in various grades and schools in region of Ferizaj. The data for this study was collected through a 5-point Likert scale called "Teachers' Multicultural Attitude Scale". According to findings, it is determined that teachers have positive attitudes towards multicultural education. Their attitudes differ in a statistically significant way according to their gender, age, and professional seniority. Art and Sports teachers were found to have more positive attitudes than class teachers, but history teachers had the lowest attitude. Based on the findings, it can be suggested to develop, alter teaching methods and programs according to multicultural education and teachers with more positive attitude towards multicultural education can be the leading force in training other teachers.

ATM Bank Cards have greatly influenced the changing of traditional banking practice and the evolving development of Information and Communication Technology has brought many changes to nearly all aspects of life. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of fingerprint authentication, ease of use and security in using the banking cards. After a comprehensive literature review, this study provides statistical analysis, by means of a questionnaire distributed to study the effect of the fingerprint authentication, the ease of use and the security on the usage of the banking cards. As regards the results obtained from the questionnaire, all of Cronbach's Alpha values are within an acceptable level. While regarding the correlation, the usage, fingerprint authentication and ease of use are strongly correlated, but the correlation of security and other variables is weak. In the regression analysis, the positive effect on the use of bank cards was observed in all independent variables.

This paper deals with the effect of using the government's vote of confidence as one of the main instruments of parliamentary scrutiny, which extends the government's political responsibility to parliament. The paper focuses on the comparative analysis of the government confidence institute that directly addresses the political responsibility of the government and the consequences of using this institute in our country and countries of the region. Countries in the region that are in transition such as Albania, Northern Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro have some common features as well as specifics when it comes to initiative, procedure and legal consequences. The opportunity of claiming a confidence motion against the Government as a control instrument is much more favorable in Macedonia than in other case study countries. How and how has this instrument of parliamentary control been implemented in Kosovo? In Kosovo, the no-confidence motion has been used and approved on two occasions: the no confidence motion against the Thaçi Government and the no-confidence motion against the Mustafa Government. The effect of using the government's vote of confidence in these two cases was the termination of the mandate of the deputies before the end of the mandate, the dissolution of two legislatures, and the holding of new early parliamentary elections in the Republic of Kosovo. Mixed methodology will be used in this paper.

Research has shown that customers, and people in general can be nudged, using different techniques. In this research work we are interested in looking at several nudging strategies in Kosovo on both food and non-food products. In this work, I present a framework of designing experiments, implementing and generating the expected results. The results from the field of Behavior Economics in general and nudge theory in particular, have been used in many scientific fields that use consumer theory teachings in their work, and the outcomes of this research should have large benefits to all those areas. Researchers have also pointed out that the results may depend on the diversity of population that is part of the experiment. To my knowledge, this is the first study to be conducted in Kosovo not only for food/non-food products, but in the field of Behavior Economics in general. Hence, the results are of great interest for many parties: the academic community, and private and public sector. I expect to show through experiment that the nudging techniques work in Kosovo, in accordance with the research done so far in this field.

Aspired foreign bodies continue to present a challenge to otorhinolaryngologists, pulmonologists and thoracic surgeons, where you can find a quick diagnosis, speed, and safe respiratory service of foreign bodies. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies are most common in the age group of 1-3 years and are most commonly of plant origin. The most common signs and symptoms from foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial trunk are coughing, difficulty breathing, and decreased airflow to the affected side. Bronchoscopy is recommended in all cases with a history of sudden cough, vague acute respiratory distress, or chronic lung infection. In our clinical case, an unusual flow occurs after penetration of the foreign plant body into the right tracheobronchial trunk of the 5-year-old child and the inflammatory and physical effects on deep structures of the right lung, the creation of bronchocutaneous fistula, and the penetration of the foreign body into the the external environment through the empiema necessitans drained to the chest wall. Empyema necessitans is a long-term complication of a poor or uncontrolled thorax empyema characterized by pus penetration into soft tissues and the skin of the thoracic wall. In our case the same is a direct consequence of the penetration - aspiration of the foreign plant body, part of the plant of the family Poaceae and the species Festuca rubra with body building and propensity for one-way penetration in different structures. The child is admitted to the Regional Hospital of Gjilan / Gnjilane, able to cough with a sudden onset, then persistent as well as respiratory problems, where he is treated as persistent right pleuropneumonia. The child is transferred to the Pediatric Surgery Clinic in Prishtina to accompany the condition with abdominal obstruction. After excluding the possibility of acute surgical disease, the child is transferred to the Pediatric Clinic where he is treated as a right pleuropneumonia until the appearance of a chest wall change and transfer to the Thoracic Surgery Clinic, where he is treated as empyema necessitans and drainage of pus contents. together with aspiring foreign troops.

Among others written electronic media also represent in themselves communication mediums, which have been subject to a rapid growth and are being increasingly spread through popular platforms. First and foremost, the underlying factor which makes social media unique, is the speed of transmitting information and the direct contact with the users of those platforms. Consequently, individuals may carry out a sort of exhibition of themselves and express their desires. Written electronic Media, mainly serve as channels for spreading news, publications and advertisements through the internet. This paper is primarily focused on the titles which ought to be journalistic and as matter of fact be shorter, more precise, and meticulous in order to awaken the interest of public as a whole and even draw the attention of the attention of targeted readers. Indeed, this means that the title along with the outer form shall contain a wide range of peculiarities which are concerned with the content of the text and the way how it is compiled regarding the broad scope of comprising elements.

At the beginning of the second decade of the XXI century, the German government developed a concept called Industrie 4.0 (Industry 4.0), which was first introduced in 2011 at the Hannover Messe. This same fair set up a working group of academic and university officials, managers and practitioners from the practice, headed by Siegfried Dais from "Robert Bosch GmbH " and Henning Kabermann from the German Academy of Science and Engineering - a former senior executive leader in Europe's largest software provider - "SAP AG ". After Germany similar concepts developed and a number of countries from East and Southeast Asia: Japan came up with the Model "Society 5.0", Singapore with the concept "Smart Society", and Thailand with the idea "Thailand 4.0". What is emphasized by many describing the new technological way of manufacturing is that it needs a new type of human factor. A human factor, in which creative and innovative potential, self-management is essential. On 48th annual World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, held in January 2018, the aforementioned post-industrial paradigm officially was named "The Fourth Industrial Revolution". As stated at the Forum in Davos, it will change everything around us and even us. It is clear that this revolution is not only unalterable, but it will undoubtedly change the future prospects of countries and peoples, the balance of power globally and the world map. "The Fourth Industrial Revolution" is distinguished by a fusion of technology, which "clouds the lines between the physical, digital and biological spheres".

Effective management implies truthful and satisfactory performance of management activities. A high performing productive management typically perform activities effectively and efficiently. Accordingly, companies and countries can be economically viable when the available human, physical, and financial resources are effectively and efficiently managed to ensure the economic growth and well-being. Growth is most powerful organisational device to compete and to sustain by creating profits and by providing prosperity. Nevertheless, the essential management principles alone, could not provide sufficient support to achieve and sustain the ultimate goal of growth and affluence. Therefore, deep focusing on management effectiveness is needed to achieve higher organisational performance, and thereby better economic growth. Accordingly, this paper analyses the factors triggering the management effectiveness within organisational structure, and outlines the role of effective management on economic growth. The study is focused on several important factors that contribute to building an effective management climate, such as: leadership, motivation, knowledge, and skills.

The paper presents an analysis of the situation in the field of vocational education, considering the factors that influence its development, with special attention to the necessary adaptation of schools to new changes, especially demographic, but also in the economy, the labor market, public policies, financing and legal regulation. The case study analyzes the challenges of school development opportunities, management's response to change, the use of all available resources, networking schools vertically and horizontally, that is, school collaboration with the labor market, local community, ministry, entrepreneurs and other educational institutions to prepare students for the world work, lifelong education, lifelong learning and retraining. The school's responsive response to opening up the market and adapting the transition economy to the new situation, especially the opening up of the European labor market, is a real opportunity for development opportunities to introduce new projects in response to the needs of the regional labor market, changes in vocational education, active involvement of all employees in the learning process, connecting the necessary fields of education, procurement of equipment and pedagogicalmaterial, introduction of new technologies, adaptation of existing and construction of new premises and other.

In the recent years telecommunication industry in Kosovo has experienced a great development. To be more competitive organization must have a competitive advantage to be able to serve customers more effectively and efficiently than other competitors. Change is very important in any organization because it helps them compete with other organizations and leads them to realize their goals.The main aim of this paper is to assess the impact of organizational change on employee’s motivation and performance. The research is executed with description research based on quantitative and qualitative methods based on statistical analysis, correlation and OLS regression. The results of this paper shows that numerous organizational changes have a significant impact on motivation and performance of employees, more precisely organizational change has negative impact in employees motivation and frequency of organizational change has negative impact on employees performance.

Relying on documentary analysis, this paper seeks to critically analyze the centrality of outdoor learning/field trips and Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) in unpacking the history of Khoisan who once occupied much of Central and Southern Africa. More importantly, the 21^st century ‘teacher’ in the pedagogy of History resultantly plays out the role of a facilitator and learner-centered methodologies are vital. The Gods Must be Crazy! A film documentary and outdoor learning experiences to the National Museums and Monuments of Human Sciences in Harare, Zimbabwe are interesting case studies well exposited in the foregoing paper. Based on interviews with experienced History facilitators and interaction with History learners undergoing form 1-6, the paper argues that there is need for more resources to be channeled towards these methodologies unlike before. Newspapers, both print and online engaging with various narratives on the 21^st century History learning shall also be critically analyzed.

Hypertensive disorders complicate 10-20% of pregnancies and are the major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Preeclampsia occurs in approximately 5% of all pregnancies, 10% in primiparas, and 20-25% in women with a previous history of arterial hypertension. Eclampsia complicates 1 in 2000 pregnancies.

Purpose of the study It is acquainted with the pathologies of preeclampsia, eclampsia and the assessment of knowledge and skills regarding the management of eclampsia in nurses and midwives at Queen Geraldine Maternity Hospital, Tirana.

Methodology The study is better in two directions in retrospective aspect of preeclampsia where indicators such as Age, city/village; Operate; Duration of stay. Statistics are obtained by the statistics service on Maternity “Queen Geraldine” Tirana (2017-2019). While the second study is cross-sex and you accept nurse and midwife questions. There are more to a question formulated by me with foreign references. Fifty nurses/midwives were asked at the Queen Geraldine Maternity Hospital in Tirana.

Results and discussions There is a predisposition for the city to be the largest, with an average stay of 7-8 days with ages 25-34. Approximately 70% of the terminally ill in surgery due to hypertensive and eclamptic disorders.

About 44% of the interviewed staff indicate the possibility of evaluation.

Conclusions As can be seen, there is a large number of city experiences to display disorders and the level I appear in tire management is low.

Make sure you are involved in training levels and workshops on eclampsia management.

Achieving the success of a genuine film and television work requires devotion and creativity at work. A filmmaker goes through a long and challenging ways during the film’s realization and TV program. Because it needs to convey clear and meaningful messages to bring emotions to the viewer and impress in their memories. The director's imagination and creative imagination links his feelings with the guidance of the actors and the technical crew about the creation of his vision that is the film’s success in front of the audience. In addition to the number of actors participating in the film, an irreplaceable place has the technique of film making, which can be mentioned: The camera angles of which the position moves up or down depends on the scenes to be realized, then the movement of the camera that has a maturity of use due to detailed movie scenes, contrasting colors used in film, and contrasting color with which blurred images illuminate and vice versa. All these elements are the basis of the film’s realization and are directed by the respective film director.

Renewable energy resources, among other things, play a significant role in the safe and clean supply of electricity consumers. Also, their impacts are reflected in the proper functioning of the transmission, generating and distributing system. Their integration into the topology of power systems and balance between production and consumption, also planning requires a detailed analysis so that the energy balance to be under allowed limits and has no consequences in impairing the safety margin of the power system parameters. For this, analysis and study coincide with the analysis of the indicators and their performance on the integration of these resources into a power system by building a structure and combining the hybrid variety of these resources. Thus, the study deals with some aspects of the analysis of the parameters of these sources into the power system, respectively in the one substation and performances of the electrical parameters.

Solar energy nowadays is considered being one of the renewable resources that has the highest rate of growth. BuNa inverter efficiently transforms a DC power source to AC source,with better characteristics in comparison with other inverters.The purpose of this inverter is to supply the LED bulbs only with the same power, more efficiently than other inverters.The input voltage is 12 Volt from battery and output is 220 Volt AC pure sine wave without loads.The consumption of inverter without loads is 0.1 A from battery or 1.2 Watt.This type of inverter has many advantages:no electrical shock hazard,protected input from wrong connection,output is protected from short circuit,after disconnected from short circuit the LED bulbs will light againwithout causing any damage.Moreover,it can be a great device for hospitals,countries without electricity,schoolsetc..The use of this inverter would help people in rural countries have lights in their everyday life.

This article explores the practice of the vocal techniques “Voice for the body, the body for the voice”in Kosovo” through different cases of different vocal students. As the Vocal technique '' Voice for the body, body for the voice '' directly influences the expansion of the singer's ambition, originality and identity of the vocals, total reinforced singing, freedom of sound, rehabilitation of vocal damage and regulation of breathing in professional way, the training with this method is observed and the results are presented with a comparison of the students previous voice condition.

Human rights and fundamental freedoms are indivisible, inalienable and inviolable and lie at the heart of the entire legal order. The law stipulates rules that ensure that no innocent person is convicted, and that the offender be sanctioned under the conditions provided by the Criminal Code and on the basis of the procedure conducted under the Criminal Procedure Code.

Everyone has the right to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his or her rights and obligations and in the determination of any criminal charge.

No one can be charged or found guilty of a criminal offense which was not considered lawful at the time of its commission, expect for offenses which at the time of their commission constituted war crimes or crimes against humanity, according to international law.

Everyone charged with a penal offense has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law and a public trial in which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defense.

Everyone has the right to a remedy competent national tribunal for acts violating the fundamental rights guaranteed by the constitution or the law.

English language being widespread with it global impact serves as an international mean for communication among people from diverse backgrounds. In order to learn English, as a foreign language, it is suggested that culture as a crucial component should be included in the process of language teaching and learning. This is as a result of the fact that language and culture are two elements that are closely interrelated. Another important factor is that learning a language does not signify having a great command of its vocabulary, grammar, and phonology only, but also to learn the language within cultural framework. Thus, in this paper it will be discussed the role of learning the culture of the target language and the important aspects that can be integrated in such environment. Specifically, this paper will give an overview of the teacher’s role in developing cultural competence as well as suggest strategies that can be integrated in teaching culture in English language classroom.

Media it’s a best reflection of situation in one society. The greatest influence of the media on society comes through the creation of opinion. The way of building the future of a society is always determined by the general public. Throughout history we have had numerous occasions when the media strongly influenced the creation of social and political opinions which were then decisive in making decisions to change or not change the situation. The agenda setting theory describes the "ability" (of the news media) to influence the creation of opinion on important public topics. Agenda Setting is a theory that also tries to make predictions of upcoming events. Agenda Setting also suggests that the media has a huge impact on their audience by promoting what they should think instead of what they actually think. If a news item is covered frequently and prominently, the audience will consider the issue more relevant.

In our research we used two biotic indices based on macroinvertebrates, Biological monitoring Working Party (BMWP) and Average Score per Taxon (ASPT) to evaluate the water quality in river Mirusha in Kosovo. Samples of macro invertebrates were collected in three localities along the river with different anthropogenic impact. Parallel to biological sampling, the measurement of physical and chemical parameters of water was done. During our research 3217 macro invertebrate organisms were collected, belonging to 18 families and to 10 taxonomic groups. The most dominant group was Insecta, followed by Crustaceans and Annelidae worms. Water pollution affects the biodiversity of water environment, thus the species composition changes from natural to tolerant species against different pollutants. Based on the values of BMWP the water quality along its course varied and has shown an increase from the IV quality class in the first locality, to III class in the second sampling station in middle stream, and II class in locality three, downstream the river. ASPT scores qualify the water in the first and second locality in the II class, whereas in third locality water is of I class of quality. We concluded that the macroinvertebrate fauna in river Mirusha is not reach, due to some natural phenomena in the first sampling site, and pollution caused by anthropogenic activities in second and third localities.

Globalisation and modern living patterns have challenged and put in vain most of the traditional and regional patterns of space formation and its capacity to “fit” specific cultural and climatic constraints. In the other hand, the quest and urge for energy efficiency has brought back the attention towards traditional patterns, elements, components and systems as effective, low-cost and culturally accepted solutions. This paper focuses in the “in-between spaces” such as inner courtyards, atriums, patios and alike, as one the oldest and most widespread systems of composing space, especially in the architecture of housing. The structure of this paper is two fold, first the method consists of filed mapping and analysis of residential buildings with “in-between spaces” in Kosovo, analyzing their spatial structure using Space Syntax as analytical tool, also revealing their social, political and religious patterns as well as their energy performance. Second, the paper derives and presents a study with a variety of spatial and formal solutions for residential buildings in specific urban or sub-urban contexts, using the existing regional paradigms with “in-between spaces” as composing systems, while examining and revealing their cultural and performative capacities as paradigms for 21 century habitats.

Transport planning and land use modelling are two issues that need to be considered together. Urban dynamics comprise most of the aspects concerned with these two issues. There are many research efforts, studies, models and applications, technologies and management practices developed throughout the world with the aim to get urban dynamics more sustainable. However, many towns, cities, and regions have difficulties in managing urban dynamics. Economic activity locations, flows and concentrations of people and goods require adequate infrastructure support. Thereby ensuring effective infrastructure remains the big obstacle for urban planners and policy makers. This paper in general discusses important issues related to the sustainability concept of urban dynamics with the emphases on infrastructure to support TOD. The emphasis is given to the Transit Oriented Development (TOD), where four case studies of TOD implementation are evaluated. The qualitative literature-based research of current trends and case studies have been conducted. Accordingly, the exploratory research of the state-of-the art of the urban dynamics of cities in transition is conducted. The aim of the study is to develop an approach to promote the sustainability concept of transport planning and urban design in transition cities, with emphases on the city of Prishtina. The approach covers various modern urban planning concepts emphasising TOD concept and investigates the possibilities of TOD implementation in the transition city of Prishtina. The perceived results show how TOD concept can be implanted in mid-size cities delivering knowledge and best practices to decision makers and planners concerned with urban dynamics. Finally, the product of this research is presented as a guide to decision making at plan and program level in developing and transition countries, particularly for Kosovo.

Burn injuries are very frequent in Kosovo, leading to long-lasting physical, functional, aesthetic, psychological and social consequences directly proportional to the time of healing; the longer it takes for the burn wound to heal the more serious are the sequelae. The objectives of the present study are to review the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of burn patients presenting with post-burn sequelae treated at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pristina, Kosovo, from January 2005 until December 2013.

Matherial and methods. A total number of 275 patients with burns sequelae are included in this study. The following variables were considered: age, sex, anatomical location, pathological types, and surgical procedure.

Results. There were 112 men (40.7%) and 163 women (59.3%), ranging in age from 0 to 67 years (mean age 33.5 years), most of the patients were children 162 (58.9%).Burn contractures were observed in 208(75.6%) patients, hypertrophic scars in 75(27.3%), keloids in 10(3.6%), alopecia in 12(4.4%), syndactily in 18(6.5%), ectropion in 9(3.3%) .

Conclusion. Timely wound closure and the development of an individual programme for surgical treatment of burns sequelae are crucial for optimal outcomes in patients with burns.

The main purpose of this paper is to elaborate and closely scrutinize methods which lead to the reduction of environmental pollution in Skenderaj by refining the sewage.

The sewage water treatment plant in Skenderaj, which is the only one in Kosovo, has a maximum wastewater treatment capacity of 245m3 / h, with two functional suction pumps for treatment, but the current nominal capacity is 200m3 / h. per capita 8,000, out of the 50,000 that this municipality has.

The process of sewage treatment is s simple process. Sewage is inserted as it is containing a large scale of pollution and after refinement the water comes out 80 - 85% pure and bearing this quality is thereafter deposed into the Klina River. That is, the water purity rate after treatment is 80 to 85 percent. Laboratory measurements are primarily focused on analyzing key parameters such as: water temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, TDS, TSS, sediment particles, dissolved oxygen, BOD5-SHBO5, COD-GO. During sewage refinement or treatment, a similar sludge (fertilizer) is used, which is used to fertilize various flowers and trees, not sold, but given to citizens. Water treatment is done in two processes: the mechanical purification process, and the biological purification process.

In order to avoid harmful effects to health and the environment by exposure to untreated wastewater – sewage, water used by households, and industry wastewater, there should be taken steps to reduce pollutants released into the environment.

Businesses need to register with the Kosovo Business Registration Agency to start their economic activity. This registration must be made in accordance with the legal provisions in the Republic of Kosovo, but also in accordance with the economic requirements and interests of that economic entity. In this paper we will analyze the forms of organization of business organizations according to the applicable law and the impact of the form of organization on business success. Knowing that each form of organization has its own advantages and disadvantages, through the data obtained from the questionnaire, it will be seen which of these reasons have most influenced the chosen form of business registration. In the end, the owners' knowledge about the forms of business organization and the impact of this selection on business decision making and business success will also be analyzed.

In the modern era, due to the continuous increase in demand for higher housing comfort, energy consumption in construction has increased too.

While in an industrial country such as Switzerland the energy going into construction accounts for over 50% of all energy consumed, in Kosovo in a country far less economically and industrially developed than Switzerland, at least 70-80% of energy is spent on buildings.

Energy efficiency in construction and a well thought out and well studied energy supply policy of the country are crucial factors for its economic development.

In addition to other relevant factors (shape, object orientation, etc.), construction efficiency also depends on the type of construction and insulation materials used.

The efficiency of insulation materials is defined by thermal conductivity or Lambda value (W/mK).

In addition to theoretical calculations, we have explored the impact of these materials on efficiency by measuring the U-value with particular emphasis on different windows and exterior walls. The measurements were carried out using a special apparatus of the GreenTeg company from Zürichu. This apparatus has been developed in collaboration with ETH Zürich.

These measurements have made effort into showing how the U value (or U coefficient) (W/m2K) changes and how different types of windows and different exterior wall insulation materials affect construction efficiency. These measurements are important before or even after renovations. In addition, with these measurements we can ascertain the energy performance and the economic calculation of these renovation measures.

Use of zeolite type of long term thermal storage and reuse of energy at our homes. The goal is to create future completely self-sufficient energy independent living homes and residential buildings. Integration of heating cooling and refrigeration for everyday use by lowering energy waste and increase of overall energy efficiency management. Description of idea of integration of three household appliances, air conditioner, refrigerator and water heater, into unique system without need of thermal energy irradiation into external ambient. Conservation of thermal energy during hot summer and reuse of such energy for heating on days with low temperature.

A common problem in mathematics – as well as in many real world context is that as optimization problem (maximization or minimization) some quantity that can be expressed as a function. The aim of this paper is to attempt to determine the mathematical function for the lowest possible cost of a company, which makes the distribution of a cable network for a particular route. The assignment of such mathematical functions will be done by applying the function derivative and interpreted with the assistance of figures.

A new electroanalytical method has been developed for the determination of phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oils. This method is based on the extraction of phenolic compounds from EVOO with DES and their determination by GC/MWCNT/TiO₂ electrode, whose sensitivity is based on the use of MWCNT and TiO₂ nanoparticles as modifiers and Nafion as binders on the GCE. This built platform has shown very good sensitivity in detecting phenolic compounds in EVOO at a fairly wide range of concentrations. The measurements were performed by using square wave voltammetry. By using this method, we were able to divide antioxidants in two groups: the group of compounds oxidizing at about 220 mV (1^st Group) was the mixture of CA and gallic acid (GA), while for the group oxidizing at about 570 mV (2^nd Group) the mixture contained VA, p-Coumaric Acid (p-CA) and tyrosol (TS). The extraction could be performed without using organic solvents and the detection limits for CA and VA were found to be 1.82 and 5.32 µmol/L with GCE, whilst 0.6 and 1.03 µM with GC/MWCNT/TiO₂. Based on the results compared with the spectrophotometric method we can say that this method can be used in the determination of phenolic compounds in EVOO.

T

his article investigates the role of interviewer/respondent gender dyad in cellphone interview retention and length. Relying on a simple random sample of cellphone public opinion survey data of 1571 respondents collected in Albania in winter 2018-2019, we test a set of hypothesis arguing that, in cellphone public opinion surveys, female interviewers would yield better results both in terms of advancing the interview toward the last question (interview retention), and having it conducted in shorter time (interview length). By complementing social distance theory and social desirability theory with genders differences in personality traits, we hope to contribute with models potentially stable and generalizable across different cultural and political settings. We found that, indeed, in cellphone surveys the female-female dyad would predict better interview results and the male-male dyad would predict the worst interview results, with the other gender combinations in between.

Ibuprofen is a medication in the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug class that is used for treating pain, fever, and inflammation. It can be used by mouth or intravenous. It typically begins working within an hour. Usual adult dose for pain or fever is 200 to 400 mg orally every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Side effects include nausea, dyspepsia, diarrhea, constipation, gastrointestinal ulceration/bleeding, headache, dizziness, rash, salt and fluid retention, and high blood pressure. Infrequent side effects include esophageal ulceration, heart failure, high blood levels of potassium, kidney impairment, confusion, and bronchospasm. Ibuprofen can exacerbate asthma, sometimes fatality. Ibuprofen was derived from propionic acid by the research arm of Boots Group during the 1960s. The purpose of this paper is to compare the use of Ibuprofen as analgesic with other drugs of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory group and to see the knowledge of the young people on its use. The study includes 117 students at the UBT - University of Business and Technology. Of which 76.1% were women and 23.9% males. Their age was 17-32 years. The students who attended were mostly in the field of Nursing, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Architecture, etc. The students underwent the survey which was questions about the use of ibuprofen. Although results showed that Paracetamol is used mostly by many young people, the use of Ibuprofen is still high compared to other analgesics. The reason for the use of Ibuprofen was headache, menstrual pain, muscle pain, and less other type of pains. Only a small percentage of 0.9% of participants found that they were allergic to Ibuprofen. Although Ibuprofen can be taken without a doctor's description only 76.9% of them took it without description. Most of the participants did not have side effects, but the most common side effect was stomach ache. Based on the results presented and the conclusion of this paper we may suggest that Ibuprofen is a safe drug to use, side effects are not observed much among young people, and participants have used the ibuprofen for the intended purpose.

This paper examines institutional change in Kosovo since its declaration of independence by focusing on social protection and employment policy. The paper is informed by the gradual institutional change theory which emphasises the silent, gradual rather than abrupt change and the casual role of political coalitions and state institutional characteristics. It draws on data such as public policy reform documents, social indicators, legislation and other parliamentary public data, official comments on reform documents etc. Existing literature dealing with post-socialist trajectories in the South-eastern Europe shows that international organisations, such as the World Bank, played a leading role in social policy formation during the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK, 1999-2008) deployed following NATO’s military intervention which ended the war (1998-1999) between the Albanian majority population and the Government of Yugoslavia. Due to this foreign influence, Kosovo established the most radical pro-market social policy among the former entities of socialist Yugoslavia where most social insurance institutions were maintained. However, since Kosovo’s independence, two forms of active institutional change and change articulations have taken place: (1) significant short-term layering in the form of categorical rights, and recently (2) initiatives and changes with longer-term relevance oriented towards installing social insurance, strengthening employment and wage protection, and improving poverty protection. The changes have socio-economic and ideological implications widely unexpected when the after-war residual social policy was installed. We argue that, in addition to other factors, these changes were influenced crucially by state institutional characteristics, political parties that were created by former Kosovo Liberation Army leadership, and recently the left leaning parties. Cumulatively, the changes amount to a significant transformation from (1) a “caricature” of residual, liberal policy to (2) a government financed dominated social protection with clientelistic features, and (3) to potentially a mixture of government financed redistribution, social insurance, and private market solutions.

In addition to the mathematical notions for assigning stationary points with the help of the first partial derivatives of the two-variable function, we will classify these stationary points with the help of the second partial derivatives of the two-variable function, when the function f (x , y) reaches the maximum and when it reaches the minimum. The above notions will be applied to the profit optimization of any enterprise that produces two goods. We will also optimize an enterprise that sells some kind of product in different markets with price discrimination.

This paper aims to provide a satisfactory basis, both theoretically and methodologically, for a more accurate understanding and measurement of the phenomenon.This basis could serve as the beginning of a more organized and advanced research work of scholars of different disciplines.The study is based on the application of some of the most appropriate statistical methods for cross-sectional data, collected through some questionnaires, to students at Ismail Qemali University of VloraThe results of the study showed that the student community under study had a heterogeneous structure Considering the heterogeneous structure of the students helped to better understand the nature and epidemiology of the phenomenon The inclusion of some variables at the individual level contributed to the improvement and clarification of this heterogeneous latent structure, which did not occur with the inclusion of a variable at the contextual level (community). This study was attended by approximately 200 students including all study cycles. The study was conducted in the period March 2019 at the Ismail Qemali University of Vlora.

The residential sector in Kosovo is currently facing the same challenges as other post-communist countries faced during the transition period. The issues of administration of condominiums that emerged after the transition, are similar to ones that are faced in Kosovo and comparable to the countries from the region and some other countries from Central and Eastern Europe. With the transition of residential sector towards free market in 90’s, a considerable number of buildings in co-ownership got privatized. The right to permanent residence was transferred into co-ownership. At the same time, the responsibility for administration and maintenance of the building was transferred to the new owners. Lack of creation of association of owners and administrators in these buildings led to the deterioration of the conditions in condominiums. The stock of condominium buildings, especially those constructed before 1998 are in grave conditions in terms of maintenance of common spaces. Based on European practices, in order to regulate this area, Kosovo has passed the Law No. 04/L-134 for the buildings in co-owerneship (condominium) along with Administrative Instructions, Guidance material and several leaflets. During the process of monitoring of implementation of primary and secondary legislation for the condominiums by the stakeholders that deal with maintenance and cleaning of common areas of the building, it was identified that the owners of the condominiums that are constructed before 1998 are reluctant to get organized in the form of association and consider that the maintenance is the obligation of the Municipality. Whereas in the new condominium buildings, the investors/the developers impose a tariff for the maintenance of the building as part of the agreement of purchase of the individual units. Therefore, from this research, one will propose the indicators and good practices that will influence in the sustainable administration of condominiums, in the increase of awareness to live in condominiums. All this study is performed with the aim of keeping the building and environment where one lives in clean and efficient condition, based on the Legislation and good European practices.

As 5G era is approaching fast and pre-commercial 5G tests and trials are happening everywhere around the world, one of the key challenges for carriers and 5G providers is to maintain and operate the network complexity required to meet diverse services and personalized user experience requirements. This maintenance and operation have to be smarter and more agile in 5G than it was in previous generations. AI and ML can be leveraged in this case to ease 5G complexity and at the same time enhance the intelligent connectivity between diverse devices and diverse tiny end points, e.g. IoT sensors.

Machine learning and AI algorithms can be used to digest and analyse cross-domain data that would be required in 5G in a much more efficient way enabling quick decision and as such easing the network complexity and reducing the maintenance cost. The cross-domain data includes geographic information, engineering parameters and other data to be used by AI and ML to better forecast the peak traffic, optimize the network for capacity expansion and enable more intelligent coverage through dynamic interference measurements.

This paper provides an overview of 5G complexity due to its heterogeneous nature and the key role of AI and ML to ease this complexity and enhance the intelligent connectivity between diverse devices with different requirements. The focus of this paper will be on the key aspects of AI and ML application in 5G and the key benefits from this application. Finally, this paper will analyse the overall performance of 5G in terms of coverage and latency compared with traditionally operated networks.

ISO 9001 is the Quality Management System. A Certified Quality Management System represents official confirmation of a level of reliable business performance, as well as proving commitment to continuous improvement and fulfillment of customer requirements.Therefore, the certification of companies in the Kosovo Construction Industry with ISO 9001 is very important, moreover ISO 9001 has the priority to ensure that the product or service satisfies the client's quality requirements, and the products and services must comply with applicable regulations.The benefits of companies implementing and certifying ISO 9001 are:improving documentation, raising quality awareness, reinforcing trust and links between the organization and clients, saving and increasing profits, facilitating service development, staff involvement - continuing education etc.Therefore, in this paper, the knowledge on the implementation of ISO 9001 standard by the Construction Industry in Kosovo is discussed in detail, based on facts and analysis. Implementation and certification of a Quality Management System, according to ISO 9001, is primarily in the interest of any company that conducts business in the territory of the Republic of Kosovo, in the best interest of society and assists in overall economic development.

The continuous improvements in the quality of concrete production is the goal of every manufacturer that aspires to remain in the market of construction materials production. Improving the production process is directly reflected in: lowering production costs, increasing profits and creating opportunities for affirming the competitiveness of the manufacturing company. Nowadays, numerous well-known companies around the world have found ways to improve the quality of their products by implementing DOE (design of experiments) planning. This paper will subtly scrutinize the layout of the experiment planning layout for composite (homogeneous mass) composite consisting of fractions of (0 ÷ 4) mm, (4 ÷ 8) mm and (8 ÷ 16) mm, to be expressed. by absorbing water from this homogeneous mass obtained at the experimentation stages. The results of experiments obtained on the basis of planning of 2k experiments with three factors, will serve to form the mathematical model that represents the influence and interaction of the factors (certain fractions of aggregates) participating in obtaining the homogenized mass of concrete expressed through water absorption. The results of experiments, depicted from the basis of planning of 2k experiments with three factors, will serve to form the mathematical model that represents the influence and interaction of the factors (certain fractions of aggregates) participating in obtaining the homogenized mass of concrete expressed through water absorption. All this experimentation procedure will be built on the basis of analysis of variance or ANOVA.

In the course of rapid developments in the field of science there has been enabled the application of software programs aiming to provide accurate and quick solutions. Application of Surfer program is of significant importance in the field of geotechnics. This program is primarily focused on gathering data from terrain and compilation of maps with coordinates X,Y,Z with grid network in 2D and 3D positions in order to estimate the volume of excavated mass. In addition it’s main function is to draw longitudinal and transversal profiles particularly in road infrastructure, filling of road basement, and digging of slopes in order to extract the materials required for construction of buildings as well as other works with regard to the field of engineering. Surfer program is widely implemented for statistical analysis of physio-mechanical parameters while carrying out drillings and extraction of samples required to do soil analysis in the respective location, where are expected to be build residential precints , dikes or tunnels.

Energy saving and aesthetical view are two fundamental requisites performances for constructions. Eco-friendly, or ecological construction, is building a structure that is beneficial or non-harmful to the environment and resource efficient. Being referred to as green building, this type of construction is efficient in its use of local and renewable materials, low energy required to build it, including the energy generated while being within it. Transparent concrete has the capability of letting light pass through it. Indeed it is produced by incorporating optical elements (optical fibres) into normal concrete. The main purpose is to use sunlight, to reduce the power consumption of enlightenment and to use the optical fibre to emphasize the stress of structures as well as using this concrete as an architectural purpose for good aesthetical view of the building. This paper contributes to provide of new alternatives for sustainable construction around the world, and why not in Kosovo.

In the last century Ferizaj has undergone a remarkable, not to say radical, transformation, both politically and economically, as well as in cultural and urban terms, with a particular emphasis on architecture. The transformations in the architecture of the city itself are tracks followed during a research like this, to document and discuss these architectural 'transitions' that have occurred under various pressures, which have left traces of architectural expressions in the city. The purpose of the research is to capture and present through architectural evidence the two key moments of turns in Ferizaj: the first one, the transition from architectural orientalism to that, that will be known as 'Europeanization', and the second one, the transition from neoism to the creation of modernity, through which Ferizaj gains a new image of a socialist city. What should not be left unmentioned, are the political influences that have directed not only the economic development of the city but also the architectural coloring, the basis of which will come directly from politics. The exceptional of these two major transformations in the architecture of this city, is made for an extremely short period of time, no more than seven decades (the period traced will be 1920-1990).

The problem of acoustic pollution in the living environments and residential precints including urban areas and parts of the larger population, has been a worrisome issue.

Noise in traffic is considered as acoustic pollution at the same time very harmful to human nature and health. In many design situations, the acceptable road infrastructure performance is determined by different requirements, one of which is noise in settlements close to highways. The selection of the subject of the study, (namely Autostrada “Arbën Xhaferi”) is intended to provide the possibility of the recommendations of this study also in other areas with similar urban structure. The objectives of this study include:

• Noise Measurement Procedures (Detection of Measurement; • Input parameters in determining the noise rate; • Noise characteristics (road, speed and time of its spread; • Time of noise sources (day, peak hour, evening, night); • Impact of decisive factors in increasing traffic noise and protection from traffic.

The study is organized as follows:

There will be provided fully-fledged data, regarding the contemporary concerns about acoustic pollution. There has been carried out asubtle analysis of pollution impact on urban and rural areas from “Arbën Xhaferi” Motorway Route 6.

Detailed information on the classification of interventions for the reduction of acoustic pollution on the mentioned highway is presented (specifically in the segment C1, Babush- Ferizaj settlement)

• Monitoring in the selected highway area in the segment mentioned above. • Measures that needs to be taken to improve the acoustic condition in that area. • More efficiently technical engineering intervention - use of anti-noise barriers.

The waterproofing system of the bridge deck generally consist of a waterproofing layer plus a protective layer. The durability of bridges depends on the effectiveness of the bridge deck waterproofing system. Reinforced concrete is extremely durable structure material if properly constructed, however porosity will always occur and on the wear surface hairline cracking occurs, which allow water and corrosive materials to penetrate the concrete and attack steel reinforcement bar. The bridge deck waterproofing product can be divided into three main categories: sheets systems, liquid systems add mastic layer. In most cases the protective layer is asphalt layer. In Kosovo motorways was used sheets system. During the installation of the waterproofing system some defects were encountered such as: concrete surface irregularities and cracks, excessive quartz sand not removed, non-uniformly heated waterproofing membrane strips, etc. These defects have affected the adhesion between sheets and foundation layer. Prevention steps are: experienced workmanship, good supervision, and full compliance with the applicable standard during installation

The number of traffic accidents is increasing every day, so it is very necessary to research the factors and their elements that directly affect the cause of traffic accidents, where through preventive measures to take preventive measures of traffic accidents. In this work we have audited the elements of the conflict between the participants and their elements in road traffic and as a preventive measure the integration of safety elements of the participants in road traffic has been given.

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are a group of bacteria that are found as natural microbiota in various ecosystems. They are used ato producea huge variety of fermented foods, they occur in pharmaceutical formulations and as probiotics in functional foods. They can produce a number of antimicrobial metabolites, including organic acids and other organic components, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins. The aim of this study was the evaluation of antibacterial activity of LAB isolated during production and maturation of traditional Rugova cheese. Samples for analysis were collected from different points of Rugova region and were transported to the laboratory under constant cooling conditions. The bacterial isolation was performed using standard methods and the isolates of LAB were identified down to the species level using a Biotyper Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Out of 140 tested isolates 105 had the ability to produce bacteriocins. The large number of bacteriocin producers demonstrates the great assertiveness of the natural LAB microbiota over potentially existing pathogens. Thus, the ability of bacteriocin production by LAB isolated from Rugova cheese can be taken as a measure of quality and safety of this traditional product.

The paper deals with exploring the possibilities of applying ABC method as the most applied method of managerial and cost accounting in contemporary economies, which enables planning of financial inputs, control of expenses and profit for management at all levels. ABC activity-based costing also applies to the financial and service sectors, and is focused on individual activities such as product design, machinery configuration, material allocation, distribution and customer care client, as the basic cost objects.

In this paper through the method of analysis, induction and deduction we will try to explain the benefits that micro businesses will have from applying the ABC method in enhancing their performance. The reasons why such research should be done are the following: managerial and cost accounting is a relatively new learning discipline, strategic management accounting techniques are also not well researched and the implementation of strategic managerial accounting techniques is not relevant to business entities in the Republic of North Macedonia.

In this study, we provide the evidence of water pollution with the bacteria in two rivers in Kosovo. They are selected because of the similarity in length, source of pollution and both of them are protected by the law for nature heritage value. Kosovo has an environmental legislation in line with the European law and directives on water resources protection and water protection but this is not what’s happening in practice. Some areas which are declared as protected areas according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature: category I and V are not being protected from degrading. Physical, chemical and bacteriological analysis of river water shows us that they are highly contaminated with organic matter but also with bacteria. On most of the areas, pollution with heterotrophic bacteria was in very high level. Also the result s showed us that on most of these areas the fecal pollution was very high except for the first kilometers of the source. The Quality of the water is very bad and the ecological status of the rivers is bad as well.

ter is very bad and the ecological status of the rivers is bad as well.

ost of the areas, pollution with heterotrophic bacteria was in very high level. Also the result s showed us that on most of these areas the fecal pollution was very high except for the first kilometers of the source. The Quality of the water is very bad and the ecological status of the rivers is bad as well.

This paper report the consistency, workability, setting time, shrinkage, high and ordinary compressive strength of concrete containing different percentage of fly ash as Portland cement substitution. The results show that the water requirement for keeping constant consistency in different mixes was increased lightly by increasing fly ash content while it effect to prolong initial and final setting time. Workability was increased by increasing fly ash content, measured by slump, but consequently it effect to decrease strength in both cases, ordinary and high strength of concrete. However, it must be noted that the objective of designing of ordinary and high strength concrete (C 25/30 and C 50/60) was achieved by 20% substituent of Portland cement. Meanwhile, the expansive property of fly ash contributed to reduce drying shrinkage. To develop this research, 12 different mix designs were prepared, starting with 10% fly ash content until 30% of cement replacement and in total more than 270 specimens underwent on testing procedures during different period of curing time.

The aim of this article is to analyze the conceptual metaphors in the Albanian political and journalistic discourse and its reception in the public. The notion of ‘conceptual metaphors’ is relatively new in the linguistics, it has started with Lakoff and Johnson: Metaphors we live by (1980). In the Albanian language there are few works about conceptual metaphors: Arbër Çeliku has committed some research according to this topic, comparing the Albanian with the German language (2009) and Albanian with the English language (2013). The metaphorizations in the concept level are very productive in the Albanian language, especially the politicians and journalists seem to use them very cleverly, and they use them as a weapon against the opponents and the critical thinking. The corpus of this article contents political speeches, declarations of different politicians, texts from different journals and Albanian online platforms, etc. Analyzing all this, we have classified the conceptual metaphors in different typologies as: conceptual metaphors they content idioms, lexemes with a mythological background, somatic lexemes, etc.

The incidence of concomitant pneumoperitoneum in a severed corporal injury (head, neck / thorax / abdomen) with more pronounced thoracic injury is extremely rare and the exact mechanism of its presentation is unknown at this time (it is idiopathic). The dilemma lies in deciding whether or not to have surgical treatment. The case of a 31-year-old injured person who accidentally falls off the stairs and falls downstairs (2.5 - 3 m height) on a grate-reinforced base and being treated after all clinical and imaging tests, and careful observation a week is only done in a conservative (non-surgical) way, bed regimen and empirical therapy: antibiotics and analgesics. Literature is consulted and suggestions are given.

This paper aims to investigate the impact of two elements of the COSO framework such as Control activity and Monitoring on the performance of Institutions of the Republic of Kosovo. Therefore, public institutions and audit agencies in our country need to work more than ever before to promote law enforcement, fight against corruption, honesty, the efficient use of public funds and the increase of government competencies and responsibilities in order to increase the performance of the entity. We employ primary data due to lack of data by secondary data from other relevant institutions. The data set includes a sample of 400 internal auditors, covering the entire auditory region in the Republic of Kosovo. An IV-GMM model is implemented to measure the impact of two determinants in the public sector together with their metering instruments. Since the reliability of the data is proven, we think that this research has presented the current state of the institutions of the Republic of Kosovo and determining the main factors of the progress of this system. The results show that the control activity, including Comprehensive control activity, Equality in control activities and Duration of control have 56% impact on entity performance. Moreover, the results show that Monitoring as a 5th element of the COSO framework, including the selfassessment questionnaire and verification in the field as measurement instruments of monitoring, in the case of the Republic of Kosovo has an impact 41 % in performance enhancement in public entities.

This subject has a purpose the study and the production of concrete quality in compliance with the norms and standards of production. The longevity and sustainability of concrete structures is one of the main tasks in the field of construction. To produce high strength concrete with a required quality we must meet certain requirements such as:

The utilization of concrete constituent materials must be suitable for the production of concrete under environmental conditions of use. Producing the right recipe to obtain the required grade concrete, always meeting the criteria of EN 206-1: 2000, but also considering the costs to be as economical as possible. Also, cast in situ the concrete, the maintenance of the structure must meet to the maximum all requirements for conformity, quality and production of concrete. In this subject, concrete tests of concrete samples will be examined to derive a result of the compliance with the "Concrete Conformity Standard", at our sites in Kosovo. These analyszes were made in three different concrete manufacturers, for whom concrete samples were taken and the properties of wet concrete and hardened concrete properties, were examined by applying norms and standards for concrete production. Examinations of wet concrete properties have been carried out at the sites in Pristina, while the rest of the examination of the properties of hardened concrete has been carried out in the laboratory "IPE-PROING" in Pristina, which is certified by the General Directorate of Accreditation of Kosovo (DAK). These examinations were done after 28 days of laboratory maintenance.All stages of study and examination are based on Kosovo Standards SK EN 206-1: 2007, which are adapted to European Standards EN 206-1: 2000.Hope to have carried out a detailed study in the field of concrete production in our country.

Ornamental plants are grown for decorative purposes in gardens and landscape design projects, house plants, for cut flowers, ect. Besides, ornamental plants play important role in human health, medicinal plants and food plants. Floriculture is a branch of horticulture that deals with the cultivation, processing and marketing of ornamental plants. Floriculture includes annual (seasonal), biennial and perennial ornamentals, such as cacti and other succulents, trees, shrubs, climbers, bulbous plants, lawn and ornamental grasses, foliage, bedding, pot and house plants.With the continuous development of greenhouse technology, and advances in plant biotechnology, transportation conditions, and marketing strategies, floriculture has reached a historical maximum hub of activity and competitiveness. This paper will illustrate the research being done with various ornamental species, show the continuum from exploration to the market place, for some type of ornamental plants in Kosovo. Floriculture in Kosovo includes seasonal plants (Begonia sp.,Viola x tricolor, Petunia sp. Tagetes sp.), biennial and perennial ornamentals, trees (Tilia sp., Catalpa sp., Platanus sp.), shrubs, climbers, conifrious plants (Roses sp. Thuja sp. Berberis sp.), ect. The production of rose seedlings in Kosovo started in the years 1975/76, and currently 20-25 cultivars are produced, this production has increased and in 2017 it reaches 70-90 thousand seedlings per year.

This thesis aims at designing a cultural center with the best technology features in Pristina region, helping public opinion and studying the effective factors in designing a cultural center, and accompanying these factors by drafting issues. This research uses many different methods , which include practical surveys that were offered to citizens of Pristina, where they could respond to what content they would consider the most necessary. The purpose of this paper is to design a cultural center in Prishtina. This thesis deals with several case studies of cultural centers in the region and Europe, based on the content and their functionality that these centers offer.

The main focus of this center is to provide the city with quality and varied artistic experiences, creating the necessary spaces for artists for all generations, promoting and supporting the creation, realization and interpretation of various works both in art and other fields. Through these exhibitons and performance spaces where a cultural center should be a place for experimental explorations, installations and exhibitions, where students could share their learning experiences to communicate together and bring the community together.

As various technological platforms and algorithms are getting more and more sophisticated and present in human lives, the data privacy is becoming one of the most sensitive issues in human-computer interaction. This paper presents a qualitative research on the level the young people in Kosovo are aware of the possible privacy violations in social networks, as well as on the degree they expose their private data in Facebook and Instagram. The data privacy awareness and exposure phenomena are time-varying, location-related, socially-dependent etc., which bring up the need for continuous surveys on this topic. While relying on best practices and actual privacy guidelines, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted. The study involves young population who are supposed to be mostly present/active in social networks. In this case for practical reasons, participants are mainly students of computer sciences. Generally, the results show relatively low awareness and high privacy exposure in social networks. Female participants show much higher awareness and concerns on data privacy. Somewhat paradoxically, they seem to expose much more of personal details in social networks.

Intensity of food cultivation plays role on quantity and quality of nutrition content. To increase accuracy on nutrition intake is important to know the differences on nutrition content of vegetables cultivated in different areas and environments. The purpose of this research is to compare vegetables cultivated in two Kosovo regions, and those grown in greenhouses and on open fields, by measuring the amount of sucrose, ascorbic acid and metals. To determine those values we used Brix (0Bx) method and direct titration method and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results shows that values of sucrose in tomatoes is approximately the same, non significante difference, in both regions. In peppers the value of sucrose in the open field is higher in Anamorava region by + 4.1 0Bx (Brix degree) comparing with Dukagjini region, and in the greenhouse Anamorava region is smaller -2.1 0Bx comparing with Dukagjini region (6.6 0Bx). While the brix degree (0Bx ) in potatoes on open field in Anamorava region is 2.6 0Bx higher than in Dukagjini region (4.4 0Bx). The value of ascorbic acid in tomatoes and peppers on the open field and in greenhouses in two regions are not significante. The imported potatoes compared with those cultivated in Dukagjini region have higher values of ascorbic acid for 34.95 mg, while the value of ascorbic acid of the imported peppers is for 221.883 mg higher than in Dukagjini region. The imported tomatoes have higher values, in ppm, of metals such are Ca (+6.12), Mg (+1.99), Zn (+0.27) and Fe, B, Pb, Mn and Cr comparing with cultivated ones in Kosovo, beside the Ni that has higher values for about 0.003. Peppers cultivated in Kosovo have higher values, in ppm, for Mg , Zn, Fe, Ni, B and Cr, and lower values for Ca, Cu, Pb and Mn, compared with imported ones. The results shows that such research are further needed to make a clear cut and increase accuracy effects of different intensity of cultivation methods and input applications on the quantity and quality of nutrients.

Milk and its products are of key importance in nutrition including all ages owing to the fact that it bears distinct nutritional value. The physical and chemical composition of each of the milk core components are interwoven in such a way, that changing conditions in one component causes changes in the other component.

It is worth emphasizing that in Kosovo a large amount of milk is imported from production companies abroad, although Kosovo is capable of fulfilling over 80% of market demand. A very important component of the quality of milk in terms of chemistry is the composition of essential microelements, where very little research is done at the country level.

The underlying objective of the research is to determine some of the essential microelements such as Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr and Co in imported milk and at country level.

There has been carried out practical work in the UBT research laboratories of the Department of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, by utilizing the instrumental technique AAS (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy).

Strawberries (Fragaria x Ananassa Duch.) are appreciated and important in our diet for their sensory and nutritional characteristics because of their high content of essential nutrients is beneficial for biological activity in human health. The aim of this research was to analysis nutritional quality by chemical parameter of fresh strawberry samples from plantation in Kosovo area at the ripe stage. The following quality parameters were determined in the strawberry’s fruits: pH, dry matter, total soluble solids (TSS/◦Brix), total acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, Total sugars, reducing sugars, sucrose, vitamin C, protein, and lipids. Our results can be used to inform potential strawberry farmers about the nutritional qualities and consumer preferences for strawberries. The rich nutritional composition of the studied fruits make them a very special food. A high consumption of plant foods, such as strawberries, appears to decrease the risk of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and overall mortality. It can also promote a healthy complexion, increased energy, and overall lower weight. All statistical analysis performed using the MS Excel program and SPSS 22.0 statistics software.

Discourses are present in the mass communication in Kosovo as well, and they are shown significantly in narrative and visual forms, where they are often followed rigorously in attempt to approach or divide people/parties, stinging, labeling or convicting the other. However, certain issues, and mainly the most sensitive ones, are offered with decisive discourses, not infrequently though with blackmailing and threatening discourses. This especially happens because the human communication shows its entire originality when it is done through language. Even though there are many other communication means, they have neither the sustainability nor the antiquity from which the language profits. As to the pragmatics of communication, ‘communication’ as a concept has a wide meaning and it involves all relations, verbal and nonverbal, so that there is not a single moment that we cannot communicate. The notion “discourse” (from Latin Discursus) has the meaning of wandering, running about, spreading, whereas in linguistics this notion is concepted as a conversation or discusion. Public, political or social communication usually takes a higher level of attention when it is accompanied with discourse colors. This form of communication touches every class. Media, as their transmitter and carrier, undoubtedly pays a high attention to it.

Pavements Many water utilities operate their pipe networks as an open system where water is fed from more than one Water Treatment Plant (WTP) into an inter-connected pipe network. Generally, NRW management in an open system is undertaken in a passive manner where NRW reduction activities are initiated only when the loss becomes visible or is reported. A more effective approach is to move towards Active NRW Management where dedicated teams are established and sent out to look for water losses or other causes of NRW such as reservoir overflows, in main pipes, distribution networks up to the customer, inaccurate meter reading, and illegal connections. Active NRW Management is more cost effective when using zones to measure the NRW, where the system as a whole is divided into a series of smaller sub-systems for which NRW can be calculated individually. These smaller sub-systems, often referred to as District Meter Areas (DMAs) should be hydraulically isolated so that dedicated team would be able to calculate the volume of water lost within the DMA. When a supply system is divided into smaller more manageable areas, the utility can better target NRW reduction activities, isolate water quality problems, and better manage overall system pressure to allow for 24/7 water supply throughout the network. These include the analysis of minimum night time flows (MNFs) into District Metered Areas (DMAs), as well as the results of active leakage control surveys carried out in District Metered Areas. The author seek to emphasize that from his professional experience at Prishtina Regional Water Utility, the issue regarding NWR, in most of the Water companies in Kosovo and or in Albania, should focus on one of aggressive, system-wide metering from sources, to production and storage reservoir meters, through district metering areas, and finally to customer meters. Therefore, this paper will contain network zoning and design of DMA, active control of leakages, and achieved results in water loss reduction in metered areas. The findings, and interpretations, expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author.

The study is going to analyze the economic development of Romania before and after membership in European Union. We will discuss whether economic cooperation between Romania and European Union members increased or decreased after European Union membership. This article provides a comprehensive and contemporary comparative analysis of the economic performance, the economic structure and the trade relations between Romania and European Union countries, allowing us to detect basic trends and developments. We will compare the economic performance of Romania and other European Union members, looking at aggregate figures from integration in European Union such as foreign trade, Foreign Direct Investment, Gross Domestic Product and its structure, level of structural unemployment and employment, inflation and level of income.

The purpose of the research is to present the challenges and benefits of alternatives in the banking system in Kosovo. The research aims to show how vital investment selection is for developing a business where this development should address the business in economies of scale rather than increasing costs. The research methods used to conduct the research are secondary methods with quantitative data, because we have considered the high reliability of the data from the banking sector. A total of 574 data were collected from 24 different variables over 24 time periods, descriptive statistical methods, correlation and regression were used to present the results. The research explains the types and sources of economics of scale, then reviews literature from 66 different publications on the topic. The research results are the verification of 7 scientific hypotheses, they are H1- Financial institutions focus on profit regardless of deposit sensitivity. H2- Procredit Bank as a German bank is characterized by the diseconomy of scale. H3- Commercial banks have no positive relationship between credit growth and return on equity. H4- Commercial banks increase the amount of risk-free investments by increasing deposits. H5- Increased equity by commercial banks increases the amount of risk-free investments. H6- Economies of scale are not the only way to reduce the share of fixed costs in profit margins. H7- With increasing time deposits from customers, net income increases, despite the fact that the bank pays more interest to customers.

The flours that are obtained by the grinding process have different qualities which affect the safety aspect of the flours. During the grinding process it is attempted to remove the epidermis which is microbiologically contaminated by the conditions of cultivation, harvesting, transportation and storage. Because it is a part of direct contact with the environment, this layer, although rich in nutritional value, must be removed to ensure product safety. Based on these data our study has focused on the microbiological qualities of different flours and the moisture of the product which has a very significant effect on the development of microorganisms. Samples The samples taken during this study were random in the market, different flours were analyzed: X1. Integral flour, X1 / 1. Flour type 400 of the same manufacturer, X2 Flour type 400. The study examined the product moisture ratio with the total number of microorganisms, molds and yeasts.

CEOs are those who have the task of leading the company, building good relationships with others and achieving the objectives. All of this is achieved through human resources, the most basic resource of the company, which by working in their fields, make it able to meet the company's objectives and why not maximize profit. To date, in various companies, we have often encountered CEOs or managers who evaluate employees' performance from time to time, but rarely or at least we did not encounter employees who in their view evaluated the performance of their chiefs. This is because employees did not have the courage and support to raise any issues for their bosses or even less to evaluate their performance. By this research we did a partial evaluation of the CEOs by employees in an enterprise. It is therefore envisaged to interview about 20 employees of different levels and of different companies regarding the performance of their bosses. The extracted data were analyzed through the software application for statistical analysis SPSS (IBM Analytics).

Through the results, we have understood more about employees' perceptions about the performance of their CEOs and how informed CEOs are about what's happening in the company.

Geopolymers are the eco-friendly binders derived from activation of alumina silicates such as fly ash and metakaolin with alkaline activators. Ground perlite, a volcanic alumina silicate, has a potential to be a precursor material for geopolymer production due to its high SiO₂ content and amorphous form. This paper presents the investigation of geopolymer production with ground perlite and NaOH. For this purpose, mortar mixtures are prepared with four different NaOH solutions (3M, 6M, 9M and 12M). Mortar specimens with dimensions of 4*4*16 cm are taken from the mixtures and heat curing process is applied to the specimens after casting. The flexural and compressive strength tests are conducted on the mortar specimens at 7 and 28 days of curing. The test results showed that the flexural and compressive strengths of the ground perlite based geopolymer mortars are increased with the molarity of NaOH solution, significantly.

The cake is a sweet product which is made by mixing ingredients into a batter and baked. Cake baking can be defined as a process of ingredient transformation such as flour, sugar, milk, egg, fat and leavening agents into a product with unique features, characterized with changes in color, flavor and other sensorial features. Sugar is the most important ingredient in cake making. The role of sugar in the daily diet has a direct effect on nutrition and health. The main attention was directed to dental health and obesity. When partial reduction of sugar in baked products is used, it directly affects the quality (texture, volume, and appearance) of the product. The results of this investigation show the effect of sugar reduction for 10% and 20% on texture and sensory parameters of cake compared with the control sample. The following parameters of cake samples were determined: texture (TA XT plus), color (CR-310 Chroma Meter), viscosity (Brookfield DVE Viscometer), and sensory characteristics. For data evaluation, SPSS software platform and MS Excel is used. Based on the reduction of white sugar in cake samples for 10% and 20% do not affect significantly textural and sensory characteristics of the cake. In this case baking a cake with less sugar has its advantages. It is the best choice for people with diabetes because they are able to consume a baked product and at the same time to avoid the risk of increasing sugar levels in the blood.

Aging has become one of the main researches in recent decades. The statistics over the aging of population in Kosovo and over the world show that the number of the population over 65 will increase significantly in the near future. There will be an urgent need for special design for elderly housing.

Many old people who do not have family care or a place to call their home, the elderly home care will be a safe place where they can live with dignity, comfort, security, service and harmony. Due to dynamic life of two parents who are facing work-related emergencies, there will be an opportunity to send old and young to 24-hour care and provide intergenerational classes. The motive of this study is to connect young and old in symbiosis with all of the services, needs and care. This place will be a home for everyone, where complete peace of mind will reign.

Aging has become one of the main researches in recent decades. The statistics over the aging of population in Kosovo and over the world show that the number of the population over 65 will increase significantly in the near future. There will be an urgent need for special design for elderly housing.

Many old people who do not have family care or a place to call their home, the elderly home care will be a safe place where they can live with dignity, comfort, security, service and harmony. Due to dynamic life of two parents who are facing work-related emergencies, there will be an opportunity to send old and young to 24-hour care and provide intergenerational classes. The motive of this study is to connect young and old in symbiosis with all of the services, needs and care. This place will be a home for everyone, where complete peace of mind will reign.

Population growth and urbanisation alongside industrial development is accompanied with an increase in generated waste. It is estimated that the world will see an increase five times the current waste volume up to 2025. Directly or indirectly, waste is a negative impact on the environment, health and ecosystem as well as being a burden to humankind. Currently, the amount of generated waste from anthropogenic activity is rising continuously. This is a result of the increasing number of population (the more we are, the more waste we produce), intensive industrial development and the ever increasing, use of plastic, paper and glass packaging. A large quantity of waste is also the result of energy production and natural resources that humans consume.

The strategy for waste management in the Republic of Kosovo is based on general waste management principles in the European Union (EU) and it is a framework to implementing better practices in waste management. Based on Kosovo’s capacities, it is very necessary to review the waste management strategy and to prioritize awareness campaigns targeted to informing the population regarding the damage and illnesses they may cause, both to the environment and human health. Kosovo has a lack of proper management and adequate landfills and treatment plants for such waste, which is why they cause severe health and environmental issues.

Population growth and urbanization alongside industrial development is accompanied with an increase in generated waste. It is estimated that the world will see an increase five times the current waste volume up to 2025. Directly or indirectly, waste is a negative impact on the environment, health and ecosystem as well as being a burden to humankind. Currently, the amount of generated waste from anthropogenic activity is rising continuously. This is a result of the increasing number of population (the more we are, the more waste we produce), intensive industrial development and the ever increasing, use of plastic, paper and glass packaging. A large quantity of waste is also the result of energy production and natural resources that humans consume. The strategy for waste management in the Republic of Kosovo is based on general waste management principles in the European Union (EU) and it is a framework to implementing better practices in waste management. Based on Kosovo’s capacities, it is very necessary to review the waste management strategy and to prioritize awareness campaigns targeted to informing the population regarding the damage and illnesses they may cause, both to the environment and human health. Kosovo has a lack of proper management and adequate landfills and treatment plants for such waste, which is why they cause severe health and environmental issues.

Amalgam is the main material used in the dental filling. It consists of mercury, silver, tin, and copper. Approximately 50% of amalgam is mercury by weight, a toxic substance that represents a global threat to human and environmental health. Due to neurotoxic effect of mercury on children, some EU countries have banned the use of amalgam in children and pregnant women. In Republic of Kosova over 80% of dentists use amalgam as the main dental filling especially in children and elderly people.

Based on our research, dental waste management does not function properly and there is a lack of best management practices in regard to handling and disposing of amalgam as hazardous wastes by dental clinics and laboratories. In most cases, amalgam wastes are thrown into the regular trash, discharged in public sewer or mixed along with other biomedical wastes destined for incineration. An ISO 11143 certified amalgam separator system that ensures efficient separation of mercury amalgam waste is far from practicing.

Toxic chemicals released by dental clinics may be minimal but their continuous discharge in nature lead to elevation, persistence and bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals causing a serious menace to environmental health. Our first assessment provided important information on making a national plan that stipulates adequate management from handling to the disposing of mercury hazardous waste in a qualified landfill. Without clear regulation and enforcement, reducing the potential effects of environmental contamination will not happen.

It is very important for any institution or organization to have an ethics code and respect it, but in transitional countries such as Kosovo, this and so many other issues still remain unsolved. The aim of this research paper is to elaborate the issue of the ethics code of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Kosovo. This paper initially elaborates a brief history regarding the establishment of NGOs in Kosovo, afterwards, the main topic, deals with the question: Do all NGOs have the ethics code, if no, who is to blame? In order to gather information related to this topic, a qualitative research methodology was used. Descriptive and analytical method was used to arrive at the conclusion of this topic. All the data were gained from official websites and from authorized officials of NGOs and official governmental institutions such as Ministry of Public Administration. The major finding of this research is giving answer to the above mentioned question, and the answer is: No, not all NGOs in Kosovo have the ethics code and nobody monitors them or asks from them responsibility for that. Since there is not any kind of supervision, not having the Ethics Code seems to be the negligence of the higher institutions.

Medicine is a comprehensive profession for the development of this decade, people honored for the use of doctors undoubtedly enter into the informational use respectively digitization of the most effective means and communication between health professionals and patience. Caring for the diversity of diseases face to face and taking proper care to seek out medical staff, health informatics or the digitization of communications for the purpose of delivering it as soon as possible, you are precisely now using the topics of interest to the economy medical in the world. Taking care of the face in your country only has the digitization of communication between the doctor and the nurse so data from both parties have access to each other. This research is qualitative and aims to obtain answers from medical staff (physician, nurse, health technician) and some categories of patients (acute, chronic, and paralyzed), through this work we want to obtain qualitative data where we will explain how the health staff has adapted to the new army and how I mean the tire benefits of this digitization, the challenges it faces, the reduction or creation of health costs. This paper is conducted in the regions of the Republic of Kosovo with the above categories and aims to provide qualitative data, respectively experiences with digitalization of assets.

This master thesis deals with an extended investigation of the

Hinterbetoniervorganges of thin-walled steel liner constructions, which have a very large diameter. This advanced investigation and calculations are used to lay the foundations for ultimately optimizing the structural conditions of these steel liner constructions when the concrete bedding is taken into account. As a continuation to the employees Examinations in the master thesis of Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Ott became another Variant analyzed. In contrast to variant 5, which illuminates in detail in the MA-Ott. In the present study, two very similar variants, which have a longitudinal support distance of 3 m, are examined in more detail. It will be all relevant, Results in the pipe, cutting forces, observed deformations and stresses in the pipe

Beulring and if relevant issued in the pipe shell and compared with previous results. In addition, in this master's thesis, the post-casting was applied remaining deformations of the steel tube in terms of tolerance in the form of ovality and out-of-roundness. The SCIA-Engineer program was chosen to carry out the examinations or calculations. With the Stabstatik program RuckZuck a replacement model was created, which provides information about the dismantling of stress peaks at the support points. Further to the radial deformations in The pipe shell was also the longitudinal deformations (warping) evaluated. With the Microsoft Excel program processed the results into charts.

Principal and agent problems resulting from asymmetric information, the needs of creditors, investors, trusted regulators, managers, financial scandals, frauds, and others have made the demand for audits and auditors with high integrity to increase we keep going over the last few decades. There are many frequently asked questions about why auditing is needed, the simple answer would be because it is required by law. External audit make it possible and reasonable to first understand and clarify the general notion of auditing and the general auditing standards to be adhered to, while not neglecting the concepts and stages through which the audit goes through, where all chapters are interconnected in order to fully understand the role of external audit in the economy. In Kosovo, given that it is a developing country, the importance of external auditing also plays an impoertant role in economic development. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relevance of audit companies, to show evidence that the audit process is key factor in ensuring clarity and reliability in company financial statements where the first thing needed is that the market should recognize the importance of the value of the audit. The following chapters will provide a clear overview of the level of importance of external audit. There will also be a literature review of the methodology that is planned to be used so that the results in the following chapters are clear and understandable.

Fan S. Noli, one of the most distinguished personalities of the Albanian nation, is defined as the best-known figure of literature, politics, religious activity and culture not only in our country, but even elsewhere, in different international areas in which he had the opportunity to represent Albania as a country and as an entity. He is remembered as a person of alternatives, contradictions, inner conflicts and tensions, as a man of state who sacrificed a lot to reach his goals and ambitions, which were endless. Logos and pathos were to be depicted as some crucial elements of his oratory and skillfulness of spoken word. Other stylistic and rhetorical techniquesmade his speeches convincing and argumentative, by leading his activity to a peak which had to be reached by anybody who uses words to persuade audiences. Nevertheless, analyzing a speech especially a political one without basing it on present historical context would be nonsense. By knowing and analyzing the historical and political context, one may come to the correct and appropriate discourse analysis, which encompasses in itself multidisciplinary elements of several fields of study. As a result, this article aims an analysis of Noli`s political speeches, especially those speeches given in international areas, where the impact that they want to create in the audience and the evidences and facts provided should be carefully and masterfully chosen and structured. For this reasons, a linguistic analysis of speeches needs a lot of effort and knowledge to be conducted.

The adjective “regional” attached to the word “architecture” implies that there is something special about the architecture of a particular locality, something that occurs nowhere else. It is obvious, therefore, that to know what is regional one must first know what is local. With the all-obliterating spread of Modernism in Macedonia, efforts which were made to highlight regional and local concerns were left without enough support to survive. In the early 1970s, few young architects from Macedonia found a medium to exercise their own kind of regionalism which allowed it to exist within the parameters of modernism. There are notable exceptions, for example the works of Boris Cipan, Petar Mulickoski, Georgi Konstantinovski, Janko Konstantinov, Slavko Brezoski, etc.

The purpose of this research is to present at first the moment of architects’ involvement in presenting architectural heritage as a value on which the question of national identity can be raised. It is obvious that here we explore how architecture and architectural heritage can serve as the basis on which the image of Macedonian national identity will be created.

Secondly, the attempt of this research is to show the way regionalism emerged at different periods during the development of modernism in Macedonia. This includes presenting architectural approaches in borrowings and modifications made to country's architectural heritage details in order to achieve regionalism in modern architecture in Macedonia. Finally, while presenting projects, it is clear that we deal with different variations of presenting regionalism, depending on the period of creation of modernism in Macedonia, and on the authors’ purpose of creating modern style - being close to internationalism, or being rebellious in the search of the national identity through country's vernacular architecture.

During the communist system the areas near borders experienced the worst possible horror, as apart from dividing the villages by half, as was the case with the villages of Guruzhup and Zylfaj on the territory of Has, where these two villages were divided into two states, the other villages of this province were unfairly subdivided. separated many families from their families. With the closure of the border after June 1948, dozens of marriages were broken, dozens of new marriages that were engaged, children separated from parents, etc. were not possible. In the wake of this communist catastrophe, in order to destabilize Albania, communist Yugoslavia engaged hundreds of people, who forcibly adopted them as tools of power to bring many Albanian families to Yugoslavia. These individuals were called terrorists who were forced to cross the border at night and distribute tracts, while displaced families in Kosovo were called immigrants and mistreated for becoming tools of the Slavic regime. Through historical memory, since some of the characters in these events are still alive, I have communicated and talked directly with many of them, and most have talked during 1991, when I also published stories in the “Bota e Re” newspaper, I will try to present the method of recruitment of the terrorists and the consequences that the displaced families carried out during the years 1948-1952 in the border area of Albania - Kosovo, respectively in Has area.

When the Austro-Hungarian monarchy started to administrate the former Ottoman province of Bosnia on behalf of the decision of the Berlin Congress in 1878, it took over a neglected country in Southeastern Europe. Immediately, the new government established efficient structures to enhance the educational system and the public infrastructure. By means of type planning, the necessary new buildings of this first emergency-period grew in a still breathtaking speed. During the following 1890ies, the planners and responsible politicians developed a special architectural language for representative buildings of this region between orient and occident. It intended to strengthen the identity of the majority Muslim population. After 1900, also private residences of the upper classes and some urban apartment blocks used this kind of a pseudo-Moorish style for its decoration. After intensive discussion on a potential Bosnian romantic-style according to the “Heimatstil” in other European countries, some characteristic attributes of the traditional buildings mingled with Secession and Art Nouveau features, to finally overcome this “foreign” and “exotic” phase, nowadays reflected with credits.

On the southwestern slope of the castle hill at Jajce in central Bosnia, we do find representative objects of all three stages of development in architectural style in absolute vicinity. Next to this distinct group of new buildings stands the St. Luke’s tower, a medieval monument listed and protected already in 1892 by the Austrian officials. Traditional residential houses from Ottoman-Bosnian times frame the whole. Contemporary travel reports already mark this group of buildings by the term “ensemble”, which is worth a closer consideration from the standpoint of monument protection theory. Besides, the ensemble represents condensed at one prominent site – Jajce was once the capital of the medieval Bosnian kingdom – the new approaches of the Austro-Hungarian administration to modernize the country. Currently this distinct cultural landscape, - the Habsburg-Bosnian ensemble in combination with the important medieval monuments and the traditional Ottoman-Balkan residential houses-, tries to reach UNESCO world heritage status.

This paper summarizes the overall background for the Habsburg-Bosnian building ensemble and its architectural styles by comparing with other objects more in detailed traced so far through a European Research Council Grant on Islamic Architecture and Orientalizing Style in Habsburg-Bosnia (www.kunstgeschichte.univie.ac.at/ercbos; facebook.com/ercbos). The author is part of this interdisciplinary research team based at the University of Vienna.

In this paper, we will show a way to form Hadamard's code order n=2^p (where p is a positive integer) with the help of Rademacher functions, through which matrix elements are generated whose binary numbers {0,1} , while its columns are Hadamard's encodings and are called Hadamard's coding matrix. Two illustrative examples will be taken to illustrate this way of forming the coding matrix. Then, in a graphical manner and by means of Hadamard's form codes, the message sequence encoding as the order coding matrix will be shown. It will also give Hadamard two methods of decoding messages, which are based on the so-called Haming distance. Haming's distance between two vectors u and v was denoted by d(u,v) and represents the number of places in which they differ. In the end, three conclusions will be given, where a comparison will be made of encoding and decoding messages through Haming's coding matrices and distances.

Heavy metals are very stable and are permanent contaminants of the environment and can accumulate in the food chain causing adverse effects on human health and the aquatic ecosystem disturbing the food. Geochemical study of heavy metals like Cu, Pb, Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Cd could provide a hydro geochemical framework for assessing the sources and mechanism of metal input, enrichment and distribution in sediments. The aim of the current work was to determined heavy metals by using XRF technique and to present the spatial distribution maps of heavy metals in sediment (fraction 63 µm) of 50 water sources in north part of the Dukagjini basin. Spatial distribution maps were created and recorded, in terms of these heavy metals concentrations as contribution to heavy metal pollution in sediments through Geographical Information Systems techniques. By comparing the concentrations of heavy metals with the existing criteria for sediment quality, was found out that these exceeded concentrations, of some heavy metals in those areas, were directly impacted from geological constitution of rocks: clastic, alluvium, proluvium, glacigene, calc tufa/travertine and lake sediments

Present days Kosovo region was part of trading and mining worldwide route networking since pre-historic times. Remaining infrastructural tissue such as bridges, khans (inns), bazaars, road defense towers, road pavements endorse this communication system. Being part of the Via de Zenta itinerary during medieval times and geographically close to Shkodra as the most frequented port and one of the biggest regional market during Ottoman era, made Gjakova an important connecting point and market center. Consequently, present days Gjakova exhibits a great market place and stone bridges built during 18th century as investment of powerful guilds to exceed nature limits and accelerate trading of commodities. Therefore, presence of this infrastructural tissue, in composition with other urban elements, creates the representative picture of a community in a consolidated economical and social prosperity and order (guilds) and the potential engineering capability of building masters. This article identifies and analyses the information and importance these commerce systems bear beyond their primary utility.

The growth, (without) urban planning, especially in developing countries such as Kosovo, implies a large spatial extent of housing areas, in this context housing buildings too. The problem of interrelation between buildings structure and its functionality is an actual issue, owing to the fact, that those two elements mostly interface each- other in relation with quality of building and its economization. In this context, research it is worth posing the following questions:

1. How much does effect the structural model to the rationale selection of functionality for housing building?
2. How to be treated functional selection in relation with construction stability of the building?
3. Why do structures and buildings functionality, have a strong impact on the building economization?

Indeed giving well-argumented answers relying on scientific grounds, is the basis of providing a sustainable design and construction with integrated approach to the housing buildings, ensuring continual application of: policies, laws, norms and standards. To be achieved this, is needed a coordinated involvement of different stakeholders in the process: institutions, community and investors!

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) extension that introduces additional mechanisms to provide for more secure communications over an unreliable network, such as the Internet. Due to an increasing number of https adopters - on the one hand, and the encouragement of large companies to use https - on the other hand, reports now indicate that about 80% of the Internet traffic is encrypted using HTTPS mechanisms or, more precisely, the underlying architecture mechanisms that are consisted of the TLS suite of cryptographic protocols. The operational problems and the many questions that have arisen precisely because of the mass adoption of this technology will be addressed by analyzing the components of the HTTPS architecture.

The aim of this paper is to reveal the hydrographic features and hydrogeological characteristics of the Blinajë catchment, which represents an important water basin for the water supply of the inhabitants living in this area. Fieldwork, analytical, and observational methods were used during the research. This basin has an area of 31.19 km2 with a relatively developed hydrographic network. It has a stretching direction from west to east. The western part is expanded and represented by hilly-mountainous terrain, while the middle and lower part of the basin is characterized by flat terrain. The air temperatures range from 0 to 23.4°C, with average annual precipitation being 660mm. The Blinaja River forms a stream in the Blinaja mountains and its upstream passes through the Paleozoic formations, while the lower part mainly cuts the Quartetnar formations. It has an asymmetry coefficient of 0.21 and menandering coefficient1.19. Water flows from the tens of cubic meters in the spring to several liters per second during the summer. The water regime depends on the rainfall. As far as the hydrogeological approach is concerned there may be distinguished: alluvial aquifer, crack and aquifer aquifer and limited aquifers. The water springs come into contact between the non-aqueous and aqueous formations. The water capacity in them varies from 0.25 to 7 l/s. The depth of the excavated wells and drilling wells varies from 3 to 60 m, while the static groundwater level varies from 0.50 to 20 m.